The document discusses action research, which aims to pursue both change and understanding. It is a participatory methodology that responds to changing needs in a systematic and reflective manner. The key aspects of action research methodology are that it focuses on problems of immediate concern, involves those affected, and uses collaborative and context-specific methods. An example of using action research to address childhood obesity in schools is provided, outlining the iterative process of identifying issues, developing strategies, taking action, and reflecting on results to continually refine the approach.