The document discusses action research that teachers can conduct in their classrooms to study problems and improve their teaching practices. It defines action research as a practical, reflective, and recursive process where teachers identify issues, form research questions, develop action plans, collect data on interventions, analyze results, and modify their approach. The document provides guidance on each step of the action research process and emphasizes that it is participatory, socially responsive, and aimed at positive change in the classroom context.

1. CLASSROOM
RESEARCH
Fabio Coelho
English Language Fellow (RELO)
Universitas Negeri Semarang

2. Reflection and Discussion
When something goes wrong with your
classroom, what do you do?

3. Reflection and Discussion
What do you already know about action
research or teacher research?

4. Planning the Project
• Which project should I do?
• What topic should I pick?

5. How do I Choose my Topic?
• Based on a
problem you have
been facing
• Improvements you
want to make.

6. Understanding
Action Research
• Practical
• Reflective
• Recursive

7. Understanding Action Research
What? Traditional Research Action Research
Who? Professors, scholars, graduate
students on experimental and
control groups
Teachers and principals on
current students
Where? Environments where variables can
be controlled
Schools and classrooms
How? Methods show relationship
between variables
Methods explain the effect of
interventions
Why? Report and publish conclusions to
large populations
Lead to positive change in
specific environment

8. Action Research
“Let’s study what is happening in our
school/classroom and decide how to make it
better”
(Calhoun, 1994)

9. Why Action Research?
• Participatory and democratic
• Socially responsive
• Takes place in context
• Helps focus on everyday issues
• Can transform learning environment

10. Levels of Action Research
• Individual researcher
• Small groups of
researchers
• Schoolwide research

11. Steps to Action Research
1. Identify a problem
2. Form a research question
3. Create an action plan
4. Enact the plan and collect data
5. Report results and get feedback
6. Act on the data

12. Identify a Problem
What are some of the common problems I face
when teaching English?

13. Form a Research Question
• If I (take a certain action), then will students
(demonstrate improvement on the problem)?

14. Create an Action Plan
• Seek Knowledge
• Articles (Professional Literature)
• School records
• Colleagues
• Internet sites of professional organizations
• Develop Action Plan
• Where will the research take place?
• Who will participate?
• What will happen to participants?
• What will be the specific research steps/sequence of actions?
• When will the research be conducted?

15. Enact the Plan
and Collect Data
• Quantitative
• Qualitative

16. Enact the Plan and Collect Data:
Triangulation Method
• Compensates for imperfection of data gathering tools
• Can increase confidence in results (multiple techniques)
• Can raise follow-up questions (when results fail to match)

17. Enact the plan
and collect data:
Triangulation
method

18. Enact the Plan and Collect Data:
Triangulation Method

19. Enact the Plan and Collect Data:
Triangulation Method

20. Report Results and Get Feedback
• Analyze and interpret data
• Get a second look from a colleague/critical friend
• Report results

21. Act on the Evidence
• Modify the plan
• Try the plan again
• Study the plan again

22. Contact Info
Email address: fabiocoelho.elf@gmail.com

23. Resources
• Nugent, G.,Malik, S.,Holligsworth, S. (2012). A Practical
Guide to Action Research for Literacy Educators.