Eliza, a chatbot created in the 1960s, has given endless entertainment to generations of coders during their breaks. In its early days, Yahoo Messenger came with a chatbot. These experiments revealed something about human fascination with machines that can mimic humans.

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A look at disruptive technologyfromaround the world
Eliza,a chatbot createdinthe 1960s, hasgivenendlessentertainmenttogenerationsof codersduring
theirbreaks.Initsearly days,Yahoo Messengercame witha chatbot.These experimentsrevealed
somethingabouthumanfascinationwithmachinesthatcan mimichumans.
#DigitalErra Thought Corner
Newchallengers,amongstwhichmanyare digitallysavvystartups,are disruptingestablishedmarketsby
deployingnew technologiesquickly,andluringexpectantcustomersawayfromestablished
competitors.
AvnishSabharwal,ManagingDirector –Corporate Strategy,Deal OriginationandOpenInnovation,
Accenture inIndiasays,“Froma domain andindustryperspective,bankingandmanufacturingare two
keydomainswe are lookingat.Bankingalreadyhasa lot of disruptionhappeninginitand
manufacturingiscatchingupreallyquick,especiallyinthe IoTandAIspace.” He added,“We lookto
engage withstart-upswhohave disruptive capabilitiesintechnologiessuchasBig Data and analytics,
Security,IoT,Gamification,machine learning&ArtificialIntelligence,UX& Design,Robotics.”

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Internetof Things (IoT)
Thisdisruptive technologyiscreepingintoworkplaces,homesandindustrial facilitiesastechnologists
deploymonitoringdevices,smartcontrollersandothertechnologiesdesignedtohave animpact onthe
physical world.The IoTishere to stay,withestimatesthatdeploymentswillaugmenttoinclude more
than 50 billionInternet-connecteddevicesby2020.
Attacking The IoT
Attackersmaydecide todirectlytargetsoftware vulnerabilityinanIoT device tocause undesirable
effects.Reportssuggestthathackershave consistentlyusedbabymonitors,securitycameras,cable
boxesandotherIoT devicestoharasspeople intheirhomes.
As a resultof these violations,governmentagenciesmustpaycareful attentiontothe developmentof
IoT as a disruptive technology,particularlyinsectorswhere itmightaffectpublicsafety.
Chatbot Revolution
Indiahas beenquicktoadoptthe chatbottrend.Bigbusinesseslike Flipkart,Ola,televisionchannelsor
Teamchathave alreadystartedimplementingchatbotsintheirbusinesses.Forinstance, Faasos,Urban
Tree,PropworthandVanityCube are some companiesthatalreadyhave chatbotstointeractwiththeir
customers.Multi-national banksare alsobuildingchatbotstoengage withtheirconsumers.
"People wantafast,personalizedresponse.Chat willplayanimportantrole inthe future of
communicationforcustomerservice,butscalingthatinfrastructurecontinuestobe a challenge,"said
GirishMathrubootham,co-founderandCEOof Freshdesk.
Security RisksAssociated WithIt
Like any technology,therewillbe badbotsas predictablyasgoodones.Witheverystride,there are
people lookingtoexploitit.Here are some of the “dark bots” we’re likelytosee:
For instance a botwhose ownershipisunknown,hasthe freedomtocheatwithimpunity.There will also
be bots that will leakinformationandcompromise privacy.Also,beware of the botthat performsabait-

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and-switchonthe user.It advertisesacompellingservice upfrontbutgraduallyswitchesovertoa
differentkindof service over time.Forexample,acontentbotcouldbecome anad bot overtime.
(Photo:Techseen.com)
Blockchain
In a major transoformationfortrade financing,ICICIBanksaidthatit has settledanexporttransactionin
minutesasagainstthe usual three daysusinga custom-made blockchainnetworkwithMiddleEastern
counterpart,EmiratesNBD.Thiswasthe firsteverblockchain-basedtrade paymentinIndiaandthe
bankis nowtalkingtoothersto grow the network.Withthisachievement,ICICIhasjoinedthe ranksof a
fewglobal institutionsthatare pioneersinthisfield.
(ExcerptstakenfromTOI)

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A blockchainis a ledgerof recordsarrangedin data batchescalledblocksthatuse cryptographic
validationtolinkthemselvestogether.Eachblockreferencesandidentifiesthe previousblockbya
hashingfunction,forminganunbrokenchain,hence the name.Putlike this,ablockchainjustsoundslike
a kindof database withbuilt-invalidation—whichitis. However,the cleverbitisthatthe ledgerisnot
storedina masterlocationormanagedby anyparticularbody.Instead,itissaidto be distributed,
existingonmultiple computernetworkatthe same time insuch a way that anybodywithaninterestcan
maintaina copyof it.
As withsomany digital breakthroughs,itisthispotentialdisruptionof existingbusinessesandbusiness
modelsthatisthe biggestthreatfromblockchain.
Conclusion
Informationispowerandnewplayersare likelytofindwaystoanalyze thatinformationtoidentify
whole newwaysof working,justashas alreadyhappenedwithexistingdigitaltechnology.Current
industryisinthe state of transitionwiththeirpositionschallenged.Aswithanynew systemof
automation,some businessservices,jobsandcareerfieldscouldalsobecomeobsolete — while new
onescouldbe created.