A phobia is defined as the unrelenting fear of a situation, activity, or thing. These are largely under reported, probably because many phobia sufferers find ways to avoid the situations to which they are phobic. Statistics that estimate how many people suffer from phobias vary widely.
A phobia is defined as the unrelenting fear of a situation, activity, or thing. These are largely under reported, probably because many phobia sufferers find ways to avoid the situations to which they are phobic. Statistics that estimate how many people suffer from phobias vary widely.
Fears & Phobia By Ms. Paulomi Pandit.
We are only born with 2 fears, we acquire learn others fears with others.
For info log on to www.healthlibrary.com.
Students talk about phobias / fears and related vocabulary. Targets include multiple ways to express one's fears and famous types of phobias. Discussion questions allow students to practice their new vocab.
This is a project for a highschool AP Psych course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological aliment. For questions about this blog project or it content please email the teacher chris jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
o know more about hypnosis or hypnotherapy and how it can help take away phobias, consult the experts at Hypnosis San Antonio. They will give you a comprehensive overview on the power of hypnosis and the benefits it can give. So check out San Antonio Hypnosis now.
Abdulaziz Alhajeri Ch s 151 Tu-Th 9.30 Informative Spe.docxannetnash8266
Abdulaziz Alhajeri
Ch s 151
Tu-Th 9.30
Informative Speech
June 17, 2014
Phobias
Can you imagine being so afraid of something that it becomes hard to breathe? That your anxiety is so high that you are completely frozen? What if you did not know when you would experience this level of fear which could happen at any time and you live your life trying to avoid it? This is what having a phobia can feel like. According to the National Institute of Health, more than 3.6 million Americans have a phobia of some sort and can live with fear like this every day. Upon learning about other people's phobias, some people can say that they sound irrational and don't make sense, but this is how a phobia can be characterized.
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition there are different types of phobias: social phobias, specific phobias and agoraphobia. Social phobias can be divided into two categories: generalized social phobia and specific social phobia. Generalized social phobia is better known as social anxiety disorder. According to Franklin Schneider 2006, approximately 12% of Americans have social anxiety disorder at some time in their life. This disorder can be explained as the fear of being judged or by doing something embarrassing in public. This disorder may cause sufferers to avoid social situations as much as possible. Specific social phobia is more targeted and can be experienced in social situations with specific triggers such as someone with glossophobia who fears public speaking. Glossophobia is thought to be the most common phobia in America.
The most well known types of phobias are those which fall under the category of specific phobias. These are phobias which cause the sufferer to go out of his or her way to avoid the thing that cause this fear altogether. Specific phobias themselves can be divided into 5 different types: Animal type (such as arachnophobia, a fear of spiders), natural environment type (such as claustrophobia, a fear of confined spaces), situational type (such as acrophobia, a fear of heights), blood/injection/injury type (such as necrophobia, a fear of death) and other. Specific phobias are very common among children between the ages of 7 and 13 and can often been seen as a normal part of the developmental process.
Agoraphpobia is the final kind of phobia noted by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Agoraphobia is the fear of open spaces which often leaves the sufferer house-bound for many years, unable to leave the walls of their home for fear of what lies outside of these walls. I have an aunt who suffers from this kind of phobia and rarely leaves her house even though she has nothing to do there and it makes her life very difficult. As we said before, these fears can be completely irrational to those who do not suffer from them.
But how can we diagnose a phobia? One fact is that we cannot diagnose a .
Fears & Phobia By Ms. Paulomi Pandit.
We are only born with 2 fears, we acquire learn others fears with others.
For info log on to www.healthlibrary.com.
Students talk about phobias / fears and related vocabulary. Targets include multiple ways to express one's fears and famous types of phobias. Discussion questions allow students to practice their new vocab.
This is a project for a highschool AP Psych course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological aliment. For questions about this blog project or it content please email the teacher chris jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
o know more about hypnosis or hypnotherapy and how it can help take away phobias, consult the experts at Hypnosis San Antonio. They will give you a comprehensive overview on the power of hypnosis and the benefits it can give. So check out San Antonio Hypnosis now.
Abdulaziz Alhajeri Ch s 151 Tu-Th 9.30 Informative Spe.docxannetnash8266
Abdulaziz Alhajeri
Ch s 151
Tu-Th 9.30
Informative Speech
June 17, 2014
Phobias
Can you imagine being so afraid of something that it becomes hard to breathe? That your anxiety is so high that you are completely frozen? What if you did not know when you would experience this level of fear which could happen at any time and you live your life trying to avoid it? This is what having a phobia can feel like. According to the National Institute of Health, more than 3.6 million Americans have a phobia of some sort and can live with fear like this every day. Upon learning about other people's phobias, some people can say that they sound irrational and don't make sense, but this is how a phobia can be characterized.
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition there are different types of phobias: social phobias, specific phobias and agoraphobia. Social phobias can be divided into two categories: generalized social phobia and specific social phobia. Generalized social phobia is better known as social anxiety disorder. According to Franklin Schneider 2006, approximately 12% of Americans have social anxiety disorder at some time in their life. This disorder can be explained as the fear of being judged or by doing something embarrassing in public. This disorder may cause sufferers to avoid social situations as much as possible. Specific social phobia is more targeted and can be experienced in social situations with specific triggers such as someone with glossophobia who fears public speaking. Glossophobia is thought to be the most common phobia in America.
The most well known types of phobias are those which fall under the category of specific phobias. These are phobias which cause the sufferer to go out of his or her way to avoid the thing that cause this fear altogether. Specific phobias themselves can be divided into 5 different types: Animal type (such as arachnophobia, a fear of spiders), natural environment type (such as claustrophobia, a fear of confined spaces), situational type (such as acrophobia, a fear of heights), blood/injection/injury type (such as necrophobia, a fear of death) and other. Specific phobias are very common among children between the ages of 7 and 13 and can often been seen as a normal part of the developmental process.
Agoraphpobia is the final kind of phobia noted by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Agoraphobia is the fear of open spaces which often leaves the sufferer house-bound for many years, unable to leave the walls of their home for fear of what lies outside of these walls. I have an aunt who suffers from this kind of phobia and rarely leaves her house even though she has nothing to do there and it makes her life very difficult. As we said before, these fears can be completely irrational to those who do not suffer from them.
But how can we diagnose a phobia? One fact is that we cannot diagnose a .
Dreams are generally referred to as images, stories, thoughts and emotions that occur while sleeping. Visual imagery is said to be the most common type of imagery
phobia.pptx total topic with description ofAltafBro
Phobia: persistent, irrational fear of specific objects, activities, or situations
Types of phobias
Specific: response to specific objects
Social: result of exposure to social situations or required performance
Agoraphobia: fear of being in places/situations from which escape is difficult or help unavailable
Panic attack
Sudden onset of extreme apprehension or fear of impending doom
Fear of losing one’s mind or having a heart attack
Panic disorder with agoraphobia
Panic attacks combined with agoraphobia
Agoraphobia is fear of being in places or situations from which escape is difficult or help unavailable
Feared places avoided, restricting one’s life
Discussion in this chapter focuses on consciousness and altered states of consciousness. We look at sleep and dreaming, hypnosis, meditation, and the effects of illicit drugs.
Dreams are generally referred to as images, stories, thoughts and emotions that occur while sleeping. Visual imagery is said to be the most common type of imagery. But all our senses can be constituted in our dreams. As people are different, the pattern of dreams also differs according to persons.
A panic attack can be one of the most frightening things that a person can experience. Unless you have personally experienced a panic attack, it can be difficult to imagine the intense fear and terror that accompany them.
https://arfaqhussain.co.uk/how-to-deal-with-panic-attacks/
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To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
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Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
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Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
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Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
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Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
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Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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A fear of falling asleep oneirophobia symptoms and causes
1. A FEAR OF GOING TO SLEEP (ONEIROPHOBIA)
When someone says they are afraid
to go to sleep you wonder at this curious statement and what possibly
could have caused it. Aside from the usual fears of losing control the
person begins to describe more specifically their fear of dreaming.
Because dreams are irrational and often expose feelings that are hard to
accept it becomes so uncomfortable for some people that they tried to
avoid it any way they can.
Dr. Mark Blecher coined the term oneirophobia in his book The Dream
Frontier as a fear of going to sleep. He described the symptoms as
typical of most phobias. They included things like shortness of breath,
heart palpitations, nausea, dry mouth, shaking, physical symptoms of
illness and an inability to speak or think clearly. His point was that the
core of the problem, however, was a pattern of thinking rather than the
symptoms presented. It is a fear of the irrational way in which dreams
unfold. The person thinks that they are losing their sanity and entering a
dream world more terrifying than Rod Sterling's "Twilight Zone." It is the
same pattern of thinking that we can feel from a safe distance when we
are reading horror stories or seeing scary movies.
Its just like a panic attack. It starts with a feeling of uncontrollable
anxiety but in this case its the dream state. Like a vortex it pulls you in
closer and closer to that irrational emotional black hole. Disintegration
without the possibility of waking up to a sane logical world sends shock
waves through your body. Your inner voice screams out do everything
possible to avoid that state of mind! Just as paranoia heightens one's
senses it is not uncommon for people to say they realize their fears are
exaggerated and they know they are not acting in a normal way.
The mental symptoms that go on in this state can be shared by other
exaggerated fears or phobias. Thoughts become obsessive and it is hard
to think about anything other than the fear of dreaming. Specific intense
2. images from previous dreams ratchet up the intensity. Feelings of
unreality and being detached are usually felt before the overriding fear of
losing control.
There are several possible causes of a fear of falling asleep. One might
have a nightmare that was so vivid that is indistinguishable from reality.
The intensity of this experience is so overwhelming that the fear comes
from a possible reoccurrence of this dream. Sometimes, particularly with
reoccurring dreams. There is a tendency to view it as a bad omen or a
sign that something bad will happen in one's own life. The third
possibility stems from dreams that coincidentally become true in real life.
All three of these causes break the barrier between dreaming and reality.
The psychotic like intensity of the dream world becomes pervasive that
the only way people can control it is by not sleeping. People with this
phobia may avoid sleeping by taking stimulants or even reducing the
length of time that the sleep to make it so short that they do not enter
the REM state.
Treatment includes psychotherapy and sleep therapy. Sleep
studies may be done to determine a specific sleeping pattern.
Hypnotherapy may also be beneficial in some cases. Sleeping
aids such as benzodiazepines may help initially but will be
detrimental in the long run.
Although there is little formal specialization there are
therapists who deal primarily in treating phobias. Seeing a
therapist with much experience in sleep phobia would be a
good start.
The core of treatment of this phobia is to combat the fear of
losing control. Any way of maintaining a positive approach and
to anticipate any future loss will reduce the fear that starts
the phobia. One way to control a phobia is to ignore it, which
is easier said then done. However, there is always the
possibility that thinking or talking about it will create more
fear and anxiety, which might make the phobia worse.
Education, or bibliotherapy is very effective in reducing the
effect of phobias. The second most effective method of
treatment is group therapy or support groups.
3. Hypnotherapy has been one possible solution because it helps
to reprogram the subconscious pattern of this fear. However,
because hypnotism shares, the feeling of loss of control with
sleeping makes it hard to complete this form of treatment.
Neural linguistic programming has also been found to be
useful since it is basically the study and practice of how we
create our reality. The specific programs or constructs that
bring forth this phobia are reprogrammed.
Keywords: Dream interpretation, Oneirophobia, Dr.Mark
Blecher, The Dream Frontier, sleep phobia, panic attacks,
A fear of going to sleep comes from a fear of being unable to
return from dreaming. Here are the symptoms and the most
effective treatments avalible.