This document provides an index of key terms related to VLAN configuration and management. The index includes over 70 entries arranged alphabetically, with page references to sections in documentation related to concepts like VLAN trunks, VTP, VMPS, STP, QoS, and more. It serves as a table of contents to help users quickly locate information on various VLAN-related topics.
This document provides an index of terms related to Cisco IOS Desktop Switching Software. The index contains entries for commands, features, configuration topics and other key terms. Each entry lists the section number or page number where more information can be found for that topic in the user documentation.
CCNA 4 Answers, CCNA 1 Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 2 Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 3 Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 4 Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 1 Final Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 2 Final Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 3 Final Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 4 Final Version 4.0 Answers
Cisco discovery drs ent module 10 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
This document contains multiple choice questions about networking topics such as VLANs, ACLs, routing protocols, and WAN technologies. Question 1 asks about the VTP mode that allows a switch to create VLANs and ignore VTP messages without passing local VLAN information. Question 2 asks about characteristics of extended ACLs. Question 3 asks about statements that are true regarding a PPP connection between two Cisco routers.
FabricPath is a Layer 2 technology from Cisco that provides multi-path Ethernet capabilities and eliminates the need for Spanning Tree Protocol. It combines the benefits of Layer 2 switching with greater scalability, availability, and loop prevention capabilities. FabricPath adds routing-like capabilities to Layer 2 switching such as all active links, fast convergence, and built-in loop avoidance mechanisms.
The document contains a 20 question multiple choice exam about networking technologies like HSRP, SNMP, VLANs, STP, QoS, VoIP, and security. The questions cover topics such as router redundancy protocols, switch configuration, trunking protocols, and network hardening techniques.
Learn about the IBM Flex System EN4023 10Gb Scalable Switch. The IBM Flex System EN4023 10Gb Scalable Switch is a high-performance 10 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) embedded switch that supports the most demanding business applications. Clients deploying the new Brocade Virtual Cluster Switching (VCS) Fabric can now extend the features to the Flex System chassis using the EN4023 switch module. It is specifically designed to improve network utilization, maximize application availability, increase scalability, and dramatically simplify network architecture in virtualized data centers. For more information on Pure Systems, visit http://ibm.co/18vDnp6.
Visit http://bit.ly/KWh5Dx to 'Follow' the official Twitter handle of IBM India Smarter Computing.
Iaetsd implementation of hdlc protocol using verilogIaetsd Iaetsd
This document discusses the implementation of the HDLC protocol using Verilog. It describes the design of HDLC transmitter and receiver modules. The transmitter module encodes data, adds address and frame check sequence fields, and transmits the frame. The receiver module receives frames, detects flags and address, calculates the frame check sequence, and decodes the data. The modules were tested successfully in simulation and synthesized on an FPGA with low resource utilization. Implementing HDLC in Verilog provides flexibility and compatibility with different communication standards and interfaces.
Virtual port channels (vPC) allow links that are physically connected to two different switches to appear as a single port channel, avoiding STP blocking. Two switches are considered vPC peers and form a vPC domain. A peer link connects the two switches to synchronize information. A peer keepalive link provides a backup communication path if the peer link fails. VLANs allowed on the peer link are considered vPC VLANs.
This document provides an index of terms related to Cisco IOS Desktop Switching Software. The index contains entries for commands, features, configuration topics and other key terms. Each entry lists the section number or page number where more information can be found for that topic in the user documentation.
CCNA 4 Answers, CCNA 1 Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 2 Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 3 Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 4 Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 1 Final Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 2 Final Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 3 Final Version 4.0 Answers, CCNA 4 Final Version 4.0 Answers
Cisco discovery drs ent module 10 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
This document contains multiple choice questions about networking topics such as VLANs, ACLs, routing protocols, and WAN technologies. Question 1 asks about the VTP mode that allows a switch to create VLANs and ignore VTP messages without passing local VLAN information. Question 2 asks about characteristics of extended ACLs. Question 3 asks about statements that are true regarding a PPP connection between two Cisco routers.
FabricPath is a Layer 2 technology from Cisco that provides multi-path Ethernet capabilities and eliminates the need for Spanning Tree Protocol. It combines the benefits of Layer 2 switching with greater scalability, availability, and loop prevention capabilities. FabricPath adds routing-like capabilities to Layer 2 switching such as all active links, fast convergence, and built-in loop avoidance mechanisms.
The document contains a 20 question multiple choice exam about networking technologies like HSRP, SNMP, VLANs, STP, QoS, VoIP, and security. The questions cover topics such as router redundancy protocols, switch configuration, trunking protocols, and network hardening techniques.
Learn about the IBM Flex System EN4023 10Gb Scalable Switch. The IBM Flex System EN4023 10Gb Scalable Switch is a high-performance 10 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) embedded switch that supports the most demanding business applications. Clients deploying the new Brocade Virtual Cluster Switching (VCS) Fabric can now extend the features to the Flex System chassis using the EN4023 switch module. It is specifically designed to improve network utilization, maximize application availability, increase scalability, and dramatically simplify network architecture in virtualized data centers. For more information on Pure Systems, visit http://ibm.co/18vDnp6.
Visit http://bit.ly/KWh5Dx to 'Follow' the official Twitter handle of IBM India Smarter Computing.
Iaetsd implementation of hdlc protocol using verilogIaetsd Iaetsd
This document discusses the implementation of the HDLC protocol using Verilog. It describes the design of HDLC transmitter and receiver modules. The transmitter module encodes data, adds address and frame check sequence fields, and transmits the frame. The receiver module receives frames, detects flags and address, calculates the frame check sequence, and decodes the data. The modules were tested successfully in simulation and synthesized on an FPGA with low resource utilization. Implementing HDLC in Verilog provides flexibility and compatibility with different communication standards and interfaces.
Virtual port channels (vPC) allow links that are physically connected to two different switches to appear as a single port channel, avoiding STP blocking. Two switches are considered vPC peers and form a vPC domain. A peer link connects the two switches to synchronize information. A peer keepalive link provides a backup communication path if the peer link fails. VLANs allowed on the peer link are considered vPC VLANs.
SGSN- serving gprs support node - Platform - HW, SW and CLI Mustafa Golam
This presentations contains introductory to Intermediate topics on Ericsson MKVI SGSNs with great details on HW, SW and platform specific CLI. This can be relevant for Introductory to Advance level of knowledge in SGSN.
Redundant layer 2 topologies can create loops in the network. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) controls this by logically blocking ports on switches to ensure only a single path exists between devices. STP elects a root bridge and designates root, designated and blocked ports to break up loops while maintaining connectivity. It prevents issues like broadcast storms and duplicate unicast frames that can occur due to loops in the network.
The RS-232 interface is a standard for serial binary data interchange between devices. It uses three wires for send/receive data and ground. Communication uses asynchronous word formats with start/stop bits and optional parity. The standard specifies voltage levels for logic 0 and 1 signals and has a maximum cable length of 100 feet. The RS-232 connector has 25 pins but many signals are unnecessary for direct computer-terminal connections. The interface supports data transfer up to 20 kbps over distances under 15 meters.
Final exam ccna exploration 3 lan switching and wirelesskratos2424
The document is a practice exam for the CCNA Exploration 3 LAN Switching and Wireless final exam. It contains 25 multiple choice questions covering topics such as IP addressing, switch configuration, VLANs, trunking, STP, and inter-VLAN routing.
This document provides instructions for setting up IBM WebSphere MQ to allow message passing between two queue managers (QM1 and QM2) located on different systems. It describes configuring transmission queues, remote queues, and channels to enable an application on one queue manager to put messages on a remote queue accessed by an application on the other queue manager. Network parameters and configuration steps are outlined for both SNA and TCP/IP connectivity between AS/400, Windows, and Linux systems.
The document contains questions and answers about networking concepts such as VLANs, trunking, VTP, STP, wireless networking, and inter-VLAN routing. Based on the provided exhibit and configuration snippets, it tests the reader's understanding of switch and router configuration as well as common network design implementations.
RIPv1 has several limitations when used in the given topology, including that it:
- Does not support discontiguous subnets
- Cannot advertise VLSM subnets since it does not include subnet masks in updates
- Equally installs routes from R1 and R3 for the 172.30.0.0/16 network on R2, causing routing issues
- Does not support CIDR routes that are summarized with a smaller mask than the classful subnet mask
Configuring RIPv2 addresses these limitations by including the subnet mask and next hop address in routing updates.
- Switch 1 has the lowest bridge priority and becomes the root bridge. It initiates the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) handshake process.
- Using RSTP's proposal-agreement handshake, the switches determine the root port, designated ports, and path costs to synchronize port states and roles across the network in a proactive manner.
- RSTP allows ports to rapidly transition between discarding, learning, and forwarding states, allowing the network to converge faster than STP by eliminating the listening and learning states.
The document describes setting up communication between a Siemens S7-315-2 DP PLC and a Danfoss FC 300 frequency converter over Profibus. Key steps include:
1. Importing the necessary GSD files into the SIMATIC Manager configuration tool.
2. Configuring the Profibus network in Hardware Configuration, including assigning addresses to the PLC and FC 300.
3. Setting up the peripheral input and output data areas using PPO type 2 for parameter and process data transfer.
4. Downloading the configuration to the PLC and checking communication by monitoring variables exchanged over Profibus.
The document provides sample exam questions for CCNA Exploration 4.0 related to LAN switching and wireless networking. Specifically:
- The questions cover topics such as VLAN configuration, trunking, switch port security, the OSI model, hierarchical network design, and Ethernet switching functions.
- Multiple choice answers are provided for each question to test understanding of networking concepts and configuration.
So in summary, the document appears to be practice exam questions for a CCNA certification focusing on layer 2 switching and wireless LAN technologies.
This document discusses routing and switching concepts in computer networks. It covers topics such as the OSI model layers, common network devices like routers, switches, hubs, and bridges. It explains how these devices operate including forwarding frames, learning MAC addresses, VLANs, spanning tree protocol, and routing. The key functions of routers, switches, hubs, and bridges are compared including their capabilities for traffic isolation, plug-and-play operation, efficient routing, and cut-through forwarding.
Community tech talk virtual port channel ( v pc ) operations and design best ...crojasmo
This document discusses Nexus vPC (Virtual Port Channel) which allows links that are physically connected to two different Cisco Nexus switches to appear as a single port channel by using a virtual interface called a vPC. The key benefits of vPC include avoiding STP failures and providing redundancy. It also discusses vPC terminology, operation, configuration, verification and failure scenarios. The document concludes with recommendations for configuring vPC peer links, peer keepalive links and vPC member ports.
This document provides technical specifications for a public address solution for Prototype 3 at Site 6. It includes:
1. An introduction describing the project and reference drawings.
2. A single line diagram showing the components and connections of the system.
3. Bills of quantities listing the required equipment, including an audio matrix, sources, amplifiers, microphones, rack, speakers and cables.
4. Component specifications describing each major piece of equipment, including the audio matrix and sources, amplifiers, microphones, monitor panel, and cabling. Appendices provide datasheets for each component.
Ch3 ccna exploration 3 lan switching and wirelesskratos2424
This document contains a CCNA exam with multiple choice questions about VLANs and trunking. Some key points:
- VLANs improve network security by isolating users and reducing broadcast storms. Trunking allows multiple VLANs to cross a link.
- In a default switch configuration, all ports are members of VLAN1.
- For trunking to occur, both switch ports must be configured consistently (e.g. with trunk mode on).
- VLAN tags are only added on trunk links that carry multiple VLANs between switches.
- Non-default VLANs must use extended range numbers like 20-30. VLANs can be configured in VLAN database or global config mode.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) allows users to upload and download files between a client and server. It uses TCP ports 20 and 21 and supports both ASCII and binary transfer modes. FTP connections can be initiated directly or through a proxy server using PASV mode, and FTP servers like wu-ftpd provide features like access control, logging, and compression.
This document provides an overview of the CS8391 Computer Networks course offered in the fifth semester. It covers four units: Introduction and Physical Layer, Data Link Layer and Media Access, Network Layer, and Transport Layer. For each unit, it lists relevant topics, concepts, and learning objectives at different Bloom's Taxonomy levels. It also includes sample questions, assignments, and activities for students to demonstrate their understanding of key networking principles and technologies.
Router R1 and R2 are unable to establish an EIGRP neighbor adjacency even though their interfaces are configured for OSPF area 0. To troubleshoot the problem, the network administrator should check the hello and dead intervals between the routers to ensure they are configured with the same values. Configuring matching timers will allow the routers to form an adjacency and exchange routing information.
The document provides an overview of the OSI model, TCP/IP protocols, Cisco IOS modes, router components, cabling, router management, LAN switching concepts, IP addressing, routing protocols, and IPv6 migration methods. It summarizes key topics for the CCNA exam in 10 sentences or less per section.
This chapter describes how to configure VLAN trunking on Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports to transmit VLAN traffic between switches. It discusses the different trunking methods (ISL and 802.1Q), how to configure a port as a trunk port and define the allowed VLANs on the trunk, and considerations for 802.1Q trunking. The chapter also contains sections on how VLAN trunks work and using STP for load sharing on trunk links.
This chapter describes how to configure spanning tree on Catalyst enterprise LAN switches. It discusses understanding how spanning tree works, including electing the root switch, creating the spanning tree topology, and default and example configurations. Spanning tree provides path redundancy while preventing undesirable loops in the network.
This document describes troubleshooting procedures for software issues on Cisco switches. It discusses identifying and resolving autonegotiation mismatches between connected ports. It also provides recovery procedures for corrupted software, lost or forgotten passwords, and failed command switches. The recovery steps guide restoring software, resetting passwords, and replacing failed command switches to restore management and connectivity.
SGSN- serving gprs support node - Platform - HW, SW and CLI Mustafa Golam
This presentations contains introductory to Intermediate topics on Ericsson MKVI SGSNs with great details on HW, SW and platform specific CLI. This can be relevant for Introductory to Advance level of knowledge in SGSN.
Redundant layer 2 topologies can create loops in the network. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) controls this by logically blocking ports on switches to ensure only a single path exists between devices. STP elects a root bridge and designates root, designated and blocked ports to break up loops while maintaining connectivity. It prevents issues like broadcast storms and duplicate unicast frames that can occur due to loops in the network.
The RS-232 interface is a standard for serial binary data interchange between devices. It uses three wires for send/receive data and ground. Communication uses asynchronous word formats with start/stop bits and optional parity. The standard specifies voltage levels for logic 0 and 1 signals and has a maximum cable length of 100 feet. The RS-232 connector has 25 pins but many signals are unnecessary for direct computer-terminal connections. The interface supports data transfer up to 20 kbps over distances under 15 meters.
Final exam ccna exploration 3 lan switching and wirelesskratos2424
The document is a practice exam for the CCNA Exploration 3 LAN Switching and Wireless final exam. It contains 25 multiple choice questions covering topics such as IP addressing, switch configuration, VLANs, trunking, STP, and inter-VLAN routing.
This document provides instructions for setting up IBM WebSphere MQ to allow message passing between two queue managers (QM1 and QM2) located on different systems. It describes configuring transmission queues, remote queues, and channels to enable an application on one queue manager to put messages on a remote queue accessed by an application on the other queue manager. Network parameters and configuration steps are outlined for both SNA and TCP/IP connectivity between AS/400, Windows, and Linux systems.
The document contains questions and answers about networking concepts such as VLANs, trunking, VTP, STP, wireless networking, and inter-VLAN routing. Based on the provided exhibit and configuration snippets, it tests the reader's understanding of switch and router configuration as well as common network design implementations.
RIPv1 has several limitations when used in the given topology, including that it:
- Does not support discontiguous subnets
- Cannot advertise VLSM subnets since it does not include subnet masks in updates
- Equally installs routes from R1 and R3 for the 172.30.0.0/16 network on R2, causing routing issues
- Does not support CIDR routes that are summarized with a smaller mask than the classful subnet mask
Configuring RIPv2 addresses these limitations by including the subnet mask and next hop address in routing updates.
- Switch 1 has the lowest bridge priority and becomes the root bridge. It initiates the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) handshake process.
- Using RSTP's proposal-agreement handshake, the switches determine the root port, designated ports, and path costs to synchronize port states and roles across the network in a proactive manner.
- RSTP allows ports to rapidly transition between discarding, learning, and forwarding states, allowing the network to converge faster than STP by eliminating the listening and learning states.
The document describes setting up communication between a Siemens S7-315-2 DP PLC and a Danfoss FC 300 frequency converter over Profibus. Key steps include:
1. Importing the necessary GSD files into the SIMATIC Manager configuration tool.
2. Configuring the Profibus network in Hardware Configuration, including assigning addresses to the PLC and FC 300.
3. Setting up the peripheral input and output data areas using PPO type 2 for parameter and process data transfer.
4. Downloading the configuration to the PLC and checking communication by monitoring variables exchanged over Profibus.
The document provides sample exam questions for CCNA Exploration 4.0 related to LAN switching and wireless networking. Specifically:
- The questions cover topics such as VLAN configuration, trunking, switch port security, the OSI model, hierarchical network design, and Ethernet switching functions.
- Multiple choice answers are provided for each question to test understanding of networking concepts and configuration.
So in summary, the document appears to be practice exam questions for a CCNA certification focusing on layer 2 switching and wireless LAN technologies.
This document discusses routing and switching concepts in computer networks. It covers topics such as the OSI model layers, common network devices like routers, switches, hubs, and bridges. It explains how these devices operate including forwarding frames, learning MAC addresses, VLANs, spanning tree protocol, and routing. The key functions of routers, switches, hubs, and bridges are compared including their capabilities for traffic isolation, plug-and-play operation, efficient routing, and cut-through forwarding.
Community tech talk virtual port channel ( v pc ) operations and design best ...crojasmo
This document discusses Nexus vPC (Virtual Port Channel) which allows links that are physically connected to two different Cisco Nexus switches to appear as a single port channel by using a virtual interface called a vPC. The key benefits of vPC include avoiding STP failures and providing redundancy. It also discusses vPC terminology, operation, configuration, verification and failure scenarios. The document concludes with recommendations for configuring vPC peer links, peer keepalive links and vPC member ports.
This document provides technical specifications for a public address solution for Prototype 3 at Site 6. It includes:
1. An introduction describing the project and reference drawings.
2. A single line diagram showing the components and connections of the system.
3. Bills of quantities listing the required equipment, including an audio matrix, sources, amplifiers, microphones, rack, speakers and cables.
4. Component specifications describing each major piece of equipment, including the audio matrix and sources, amplifiers, microphones, monitor panel, and cabling. Appendices provide datasheets for each component.
Ch3 ccna exploration 3 lan switching and wirelesskratos2424
This document contains a CCNA exam with multiple choice questions about VLANs and trunking. Some key points:
- VLANs improve network security by isolating users and reducing broadcast storms. Trunking allows multiple VLANs to cross a link.
- In a default switch configuration, all ports are members of VLAN1.
- For trunking to occur, both switch ports must be configured consistently (e.g. with trunk mode on).
- VLAN tags are only added on trunk links that carry multiple VLANs between switches.
- Non-default VLANs must use extended range numbers like 20-30. VLANs can be configured in VLAN database or global config mode.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) allows users to upload and download files between a client and server. It uses TCP ports 20 and 21 and supports both ASCII and binary transfer modes. FTP connections can be initiated directly or through a proxy server using PASV mode, and FTP servers like wu-ftpd provide features like access control, logging, and compression.
This document provides an overview of the CS8391 Computer Networks course offered in the fifth semester. It covers four units: Introduction and Physical Layer, Data Link Layer and Media Access, Network Layer, and Transport Layer. For each unit, it lists relevant topics, concepts, and learning objectives at different Bloom's Taxonomy levels. It also includes sample questions, assignments, and activities for students to demonstrate their understanding of key networking principles and technologies.
Router R1 and R2 are unable to establish an EIGRP neighbor adjacency even though their interfaces are configured for OSPF area 0. To troubleshoot the problem, the network administrator should check the hello and dead intervals between the routers to ensure they are configured with the same values. Configuring matching timers will allow the routers to form an adjacency and exchange routing information.
The document provides an overview of the OSI model, TCP/IP protocols, Cisco IOS modes, router components, cabling, router management, LAN switching concepts, IP addressing, routing protocols, and IPv6 migration methods. It summarizes key topics for the CCNA exam in 10 sentences or less per section.
This chapter describes how to configure VLAN trunking on Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports to transmit VLAN traffic between switches. It discusses the different trunking methods (ISL and 802.1Q), how to configure a port as a trunk port and define the allowed VLANs on the trunk, and considerations for 802.1Q trunking. The chapter also contains sections on how VLAN trunks work and using STP for load sharing on trunk links.
This chapter describes how to configure spanning tree on Catalyst enterprise LAN switches. It discusses understanding how spanning tree works, including electing the root switch, creating the spanning tree topology, and default and example configurations. Spanning tree provides path redundancy while preventing undesirable loops in the network.
This document describes troubleshooting procedures for software issues on Cisco switches. It discusses identifying and resolving autonegotiation mismatches between connected ports. It also provides recovery procedures for corrupted software, lost or forgotten passwords, and failed command switches. The recovery steps guide restoring software, resetting passwords, and replacing failed command switches to restore management and connectivity.
El documento describe los contenidos de un curso sobre JDBC y URM. Incluye dos bloques: JDBC para el acceso a bases de datos, y URM para mapeadores de objetos relacionales. Detalla los conceptos clave de JDBC como drivers, operaciones con JDBC, y ejemplos de código para conectarse a una base de datos, enviar consultas y cerrar la conexión. También cubre procedimientos almacenados, transacciones y otras funcionalidades avanzadas de JDBC.
This document provides an overview and summary of OSPF commands for the Matrix X Router. It describes the global configuration mode OSPF command "router ospf" which is used to enter OSPF Router Configuration mode. It also lists and provides brief descriptions of global OSPF commands including "advertise-subnet", "authentication", "compatible rfc1583", and others. Tables provide page references for additional information on area commands, default commands, interface commands, and querying commands.
Este documento describe la administración de claves y certificados en aplicaciones Java. Explica las herramientas keytool y JarSigner para gestionar claves y firmar archivos JAR. También describe la infraestructura de clases clave KeyStore para la gestión programática de almacenes de claves.
El documento describe los contenidos de un curso sobre JDBC y URM. Explica que JDBC se utiliza para el acceso a bases de datos y URM para mapeadores de objetos relacionales. Detalla los conceptos clave de JDBC como drivers, conexión a la base de datos mediante DriverManager, ejecución de sentencias SQL y uso de ResultSet.
The document provides an overview of the Catalyst 2900 series of Ethernet switches, including:
- The switches provide autosensing 10/100 ports that can be used to connect desktops, servers, hubs and other switches.
- The series includes models with 8 to 24 ports, and one model has two 100BaseFX fiber optic ports.
- Key features include autonegotiation, full-duplex support, MAC address table size, spanning tree protocol, and management options.
This document provides a management guide for stackable fast Ethernet switches with 24 to 48 10/100BASE-TX ports, 2 Gigabit ports, and 2 stacking/1000BASE-T ports. It describes key features, system defaults, initial configuration including console connection, IP address setup, SNMP access, and saving settings. It also covers configuration of interfaces, trunks, VLANs, ACLs, QoS, and other features using the web interface or command line.
This document provides a summary of the Catalyst 2950 and Catalyst 2955 Switch Software Configuration Guide. It includes information about features, management options, network configuration examples, and where to go next to configure switches. The guide covers using the command-line interface, configuring alarms on Catalyst 2955 switches, using Cisco Cluster Management Suite (CMS), assigning switch IP addresses and default gateways, configuring Cisco Networking Services agents, clustering switches, administering switches, and configuring switch-based authentication.
This document provides a software configuration guide for the Catalyst 2950 and Catalyst 2955 switches. It contains information on features, management options, network configuration examples, and instructions for configuring switch settings like IP addresses, passwords, clustering, and authentication. The guide includes chapters on switch management using Cisco's web-based Cluster Management Suite (CMS) and configuring switch features through the command-line interface.
This document provides an overview of CCNP Switch topics including:
- How Layer 2 switches work by learning and recording MAC addresses and forwarding frames based on the MAC address table.
- The different types of multilayer switching (MLS), including demand-based switching using a MLS engine and route processor, and topology-based switching using CEF.
- How ACLs are implemented in switches using Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) tables to make packet forwarding decisions.
- Campus network design principles including redundancy protocols like HSRP, and wireless LAN configuration.
- Quality of service (QoS) features that prioritize certain traffic through ingress queueing and egress scheduling
This document discusses managing redundant links and spanning tree protocols. It describes spanning tree protocol (STP) operations including electing a root bridge, path cost calculations, port states and BPDU timers. It also covers spanning tree in VLAN environments, such as per-VLAN STP (PVST), and techniques for scaling STP, including modifying root selection, path costs, port priorities and timers. Other topics include Fast EtherChannel, PortFast and UplinkFast for improving convergence times.
The document contains configuration settings for a layer 3 switch. It defines VLANs for servers and labs, assigns ports to each VLAN, and sets IP addresses for each VLAN interface. Logging shows the line protocol on port GigabitEthernet0/3 going up and down.
This document provides instructions for configuring a network with three switches (S1, S2, S3) and three host PCs using various VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). The tasks include preparing the network topology, clearing switch configurations, configuring host PCs, enabling VLANs through VTP, configuring trunk links and native VLANs, and verifying STP operation.
L2/L3 für Fortgeschrittene - Helle und dunkle Magie im Linux-NetzwerkstackMaximilan Wilhelm
This document provides an overview of networking concepts in Linux including layer 2 and layer 3 topics. It discusses link aggregation (LAGs), VLANs, bridges, routing tables, policy-based routing (PBR), VRFs, and network namespaces (NetNS). Key points covered include using LACP for LAGs, VLAN tagging formats, the purpose of bridges, routing tables other than the default main table, and how VRFs and NetNS provide layer 3 and layer 1 separation respectively. Real-world applications of tunnels and VPNs with VRFs are also highlighted.
VXLAN is a point to point, UDP-based "tunneling" protocol, that enables L2 encapsulation over an L3 "undernet", while also allowing up to 16 million Virtual Networks. One challenge with deploying VXLAN is that by default VXLAN requires multicast support for Broadcast, Unknown and Multi-cast packets. Often this is not possible in customer networks. An alternative approach is to use the Service Node concept where dedicated node(s)/process(es) are responsible for flooding Broadcast, Unknown, and Multicast packets throughout a network.
This removes the need for multi-cast, and greatly simplifies network configuration. However, it does require a scalable, and highly available implementation.
This document describes the configuration of VLANs on a Cisco switch. The key steps are:
1. Six VLANs are created and named for different departments.
2. Ports on the switch are assigned to each VLAN to segregate network traffic for each department.
3. IP addresses are configured for each VLAN interface and routing is enabled with RIP to allow communication between VLANs.
4. Ping tests confirm connectivity between devices on different VLANs, showing the VLAN configuration is functioning properly.
Webinar NETGEAR - ProsSafe Switch gestibili e supporto della configurazione ...Netgear Italia
Una panoramica sulle soluzioni di Switch Prosafe Managed (Plus, Smart e Full Managed) e le varie opzioni di configurazione delle VLAN in modalità statica e dinamica
Ch 02 --- sdn and openflow architectureYoram Orzach
This document provides an overview of SDN and OpenFlow. It describes the traditional network structure with separate control, forwarding, and management planes. With SDN, the control plane is centralized into a controller that programs "dumb" switches via the OpenFlow protocol. The controller manages flow tables on switches to determine how traffic is forwarded. Key OpenFlow components include the controller, OpenFlow channel, flow tables, group tables, and meter tables. The document provides examples of how OpenFlow can implement switching, routing, firewalls, and other network functions through flow table entries.
The document describes a lab experiment with 4 switches to observe per-VLAN spanning tree behavior. It explains that VLANs 10 and 20 were configured on all switches with DLS1 set as the root bridge for VLAN 10 and DLS2 for VLAN 20. This resulted in different port roles and root bridges for each VLAN when viewed with the show spanning-tree command.
Veryx ATTEST range of testing solutions enable NEMs and NSPs reduce the time taken to test with automated test suites in an integrated testing framework providing many tester-friendly features such as flexible DUT control, GUI or CLI-based access, easy debugging and detailed reporting.
This chapter discusses VLAN trunking protocols (VTP), dynamic trunking protocol (DTP), and EtherChannel bundles. VTP allows VLAN configurations to be propagated across switches to reduce provisioning burden, while DTP dynamically establishes trunk links between switches. EtherChannel bundles multiple physical links into a single logical trunk to increase bandwidth and provide redundancy.
The document discusses various Ethernet protocols and standards including:
- IEEE 802.3u and 802.3z which define Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet transmission rates.
- IEEE 802.1D, 802.1s, and 802.1w which relate to Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and its variants for avoiding loops.
- IEEE 802.1Q for VLAN tagging to logically separate traffic on a physical LAN infrastructure.
- IEEE 802.3ad for Link Aggregation to combine multiple network links into a single logical trunk to increase bandwidth and redundancy.
The document provides troubleshooting tips and techniques for Cisco Data center switches including the Cisco Nexus 7000, Catalyst 6500 VSS, and high CPU utilization issues. It discusses using commands like show processes cpu sorted, debug netdr capture, and show ip cef to troubleshoot traffic flow and switching paths. It also covers troubleshooting software upgrades on the Nexus 7000 and gathering core dumps and logs to debug process crashes.
Www ccnav5 net_ccna_3_v5_final_exam_answers_2014Đồng Quốc Vương
This document provides the final exam answers for CCNA 3 v5 Scaling Networks from 2014. It includes 40 multiple choice questions related to networking topics like VLANs, trunking, routing, DHCP, wireless networking, and security. The questions are taken from the CCNA 3 v5 final exam and provide the correct answer choices for each question.
The document provides an overview of the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol through a presentation. It discusses topics such as IEEE 802.11 layers, channels, infrastructure networks, ad hoc networks, joining a network, synchronization, communication approaches, MAC functionality including PCF and DCF, encryption, fragmentation, management functions, and MAC frame formats. The presentation was given on May 9th, 2001 by Mahdi Ahmed Jama to provide an introduction to the IEEE 802.11a MAC protocol.
This document provides instructions for configuring basic inter-VLAN routing on a network with three switches and one router. Key steps include:
1. Configuring VTP on the switches with one in server mode and two in client mode to propagate VLANs.
2. Creating VLANs 99, 10, 20 and 30 on the VTP server and assigning ports and IP addresses.
3. Configuring the router interface and subinterfaces for each VLAN to enable inter-VLAN routing.
4. Verifying connectivity between VLANs, which now routes through the router instead of failing.
El documento describe conceptos clave de seguridad en aplicaciones Java como criptografía, PKI, control de acceso, SSL y seguridad web. Explica la evolución del modelo de seguridad de Java desde JDK 1.1 hasta la introducción de ficheros de políticas de seguridad y JAAS, y cómo estos definen los permisos de acceso. También cubre temas como la implementación y localización por defecto de los ficheros de políticas de seguridad.
Este documento describe los conceptos básicos de la criptografía en aplicaciones Java, incluyendo certificados digitales, autoridades certificadoras, el estándar X.509 para certificados y sus extensiones. Explica el formato de los certificados X.509, las funciones de las autoridades certificadoras y algunos ejemplos como FNMT.
Este documento describe la criptografía en aplicaciones Java. Explica el cálculo de huellas digitales usando la clase MessageDigest y los algoritmos hash. También cubre firmas digitales mediante el uso de claves públicas y privadas, describiendo las clases Signature, Mac, SignedObject y excepciones como SignatureException.
Este documento describe la criptografía en aplicaciones Java. Explica los conceptos clave de la arquitectura criptográfica de Java (JCA) y la extensión criptográfica de Java (JCE), incluidos los proveedores, clases engine, claves criptográficas, generación de claves y servicios criptográficos. También cubre temas como la encriptación, firma digital y seguridad en aplicaciones web.
Este documento describe la criptografía en aplicaciones Java. Explica conceptos clave como la seguridad, la evolución del modelo de seguridad de Java, y las características de seguridad en J2EE. También define la criptografía y los sistemas criptográficos simétricos y asimétricos, así como la confidencialidad y la integridad.
Este documento establece las medidas de seguridad que deben aplicarse a los ficheros automatizados que contengan datos personales de acuerdo con tres niveles: básico, medio y alto. Define conceptos clave como sistema de información, usuario, recursos, accesos autorizados, e incidencia. Determina que todos los ficheros deben cumplir como mínimo el nivel básico y especifica cuales deben cumplir nivel medio u alto dependiendo del tipo de datos. Describe las medidas de seguridad de nivel básico como la elaboración de un document
Este documento provee una guía completa para la instalación y uso de Linux. Explica las diferentes distribuciones disponibles como Slackware y Red Hat, el proceso de instalación, y cómo administrar un sistema Linux incluyendo la configuración de teclado, particiones, montaje automático, cuotas de disco y swap. El documento contiene información detallada sobre cada paso requerido para configurar y usar exitosamente un sistema operativo Linux.
Este documento presenta una introducción al libro "El nucleo Linux" que describe los principios y mecanismos del núcleo de Linux. Explica que Linux comenzó como un proyecto personal de Linus Torvalds para crear su propio sistema operativo, y desde entonces ha crecido gracias a las contribuciones de la comunidad. También resume brevemente la historia y orígenes de Unix, y cómo Linux se basa en los estándares POSIX pero no contiene código de Unix.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
7
1. I N D E X
A CoS
overview 2-33
AAA authentication methods 5-3 values range 2-33
aaa new-model command 5-3, 5-7
accounting in TACACS+ 5-2
advertisements, VTP 2-4 D
allowed list, VLANs 3-6
allowed VLANs, configuring 3-6 default configuration
allowed-VLAN list 2-19 VLANs 2-22
AppleTalk Remote Access (ARA) 5-4 VMPS 4-5
ATM trunks and other features 3-20 VTP 2-8
authentication in TACACS+ 5-2 disable trunking on a port 3-7
authorization in TACACS+ 5-2 document conventions x
Documentation CD-ROM ix
domains, for VLAN management 2-2
B DTP 3-4
Dynamic ISL (DISL) 3-4
blocking unknown packets 3-20 dynamic port VLAN membership
configuring 4-6
example 4-12
overview 4-3
C reconfirming 4-9, 4-10
troubleshooting 4-10
Cisco Connection Online (CCO) Dynamic Trunk Protocol (DTP) 3-4
URLs ix
Cisco Visual Switch Manager help system 1-2, 1-3
class of service (CoS) 2-32
client mode, VTP 2-3
E
clusters of switches 2-18
command switches egress port scheduling 2-34
in VMPS 4-1 transmit queues 2-35
command-line interface (CLI) 1-3 encapsulation 2-33
configuration guidelines
for VMPS 4-4
for VTP 2-7 F
consistency checks in VTP version 2 2-5
conventions, document x Fast Ethernet trunks 3-2
FDDI VLAN defaults and ranges 2-23
Index 1
2. FDDI-Net defaults and ranges 2-24 M
feedback to Cisco Systems, web ix
management options
Cisco View 1-3
G Cisco Visual Switch Manager Software 1-3
CLI 1-3
Gigabit Ethernet trunks 3-2 SNMP 1-3
member switches
accessing CLI 2-31, 3-4
in VMPS 4-1
H membership mode 2-19
modes, VTP
help, for manager software 1-3 client 2-3
hosts, limit on dynamic port 4-10 server 2-3
transitions 2-3
transparent 2-3
I
IEEE 802.1p 1-1 N
IEEE 802.1Q
configuration considerations 3-2 NCPs 5-4
overview 3-2 Network Control Protocols (NCPs) 5-4
trunk port 3-4 network port 3-20
ingress port scheduling 2-34 note, description xi
Inter-Switch Link, see ISL
IP subnetworks and VLANs 2-20
ISL
configuring 3-4 P
overview 3-2
parallel links 3-8
passwords, from a TACACS+ server 5-1
path cost 3-13
L Point to Point Protocol (PPP) 5-4
port grouping with trunks 3-20
limit of hosts on dynamic ports 4-10 port monitoring conflicts with trunks 3-20
load sharing port priorities 3-9
via STP path cost 3-13 PortFast STP parameter 4-4
via STP port priorities 3-9
Index 2 Cisco IOS Desktop Switching Enterprise Edition Software Configuration Guide
3. ports S
dynamic access 2-19
dynamic VLAN membership secure ports 3-20
configuring 4-6 security in TACACS+ 5-2
example 4-12 Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) 5-4
overview 4-3 server mode, VTP 2-3
reconfirming 4-9, 4-10 show interface command 2-36
multi-VLAN 2-19 Simple Network Protocol
static-access 2-19 see SNMP
trunks 2-19, 3-2 SLIP 5-4
VLAN assignments 2-31 SNMP 1-3
PPP 5-4 software upgrade 1-2
pruning, VTP 2-6 Spanning-Tree Protocol
see STP
standard edition software, switches supported on 1-2
Q statistics
VTP 2-16
QoS STP
CoS value ranges 2-33 load sharing overview 3-8
egress port scheduling 2-34 load sharing using path costs 3-13
transmit queues 2-35 load sharing using port priorities 3-9
ingress port scheduling 2-34 Port Fast parameter 4-4
overview 2-32 port grouping parameters 3-20
port priority switchport command 3-4
displaying information about 2-36 switchport priority default command 2-36
frame types 2-33
setting 2-36
support 1-1 T
Quality of Service (QoS) 1-1
TACACS+
AAA accounting commands 5-5
R AAA authorization commands 5-4
creating a TACACS+ server 5-5
redundancy initializing 5-3, 5-7
via STP path cost 3-13 tacacs-server host command 5-5, 5-6
via STP port priorities 3-9 tacacs-server retransmit command 5-6, 5-7
via STP UplinkFast 3-18 tacacs-server timeout command 5-6
remove vlan-list parameter 3-6
Index 3
4. Token Ring VLANs VLANs
overview 2-21 802.1Q considerations 3-2
TrBRF 2-5 adding 2-26
TrCRF 2-5 allowed on trunk 3-6
transparent mode, VTP 2-3 and Cisco Visual Switch Manager 1-3
trunks and static-access ports 2-27
allowed VLANs 3-6 assigning ports to 2-31
and port grouping 3-20 changing 2-27
and port monitoring 3-20 configuration guidelines 2-22
ATM 3-20 default configuration 2-22
blocking unknown packets on 3-20 deleting 2-29
configuration conflicts 3-20 Ethernet 2-26
configured as network port 3-20 IP subnetworks and 2-20
configuring 3-4 ISL 3-2
disabling 3-7 maximum number of 1-2
Gigabit 3-2 membership modes 2-19
IEEE 802.1Q 3-2 menu items 1-3
interacting with other features 3-20 overview 2-18
ISL 3-2 ports, assigning to 2-31
load sharing using STP path costs 3-13 Token Ring 2-21
load sharing using STP port priorities 3-9 trunks
overview 3-2 See trunks
parallel 3-13 trunks configured with other features 3-18
VLANs, allowed 3-6 VTP domain and 2-20
VTP modes 2-3
VMPS
U administering 4-7
configuration file example 4-11
database configuration file 4-11
unknown unicast and multicast packets 3-20
dynamic port membership
Unrecognized Type-Length-Value (TLV) support 2-5
configuring 4-6
URLs for reaching Cisco ix
example 4-12
overview 4-3
reconfirming 4-9, 4-10
V in a cluster of switches 4-1
monitoring 4-7
Version-Dependent Transparent Mode 2-5 overview 4-1
VLAN Management Policy Server reconfirming membership 4-10
see VMPS reconfirming membership information 4-9
VLAN Query Protocol (VQP) 4-2 VTP
advertisements 2-4
Index 4 Cisco IOS Desktop Switching Enterprise Edition Software Configuration Guide
5. client, configuring 2-11
configuration guidelines 2-7
consistency checks 2-5
default configuration 2-8
disabling 2-12
domains 2-2
modes
client 2-3
server 2-3
transparent 2-3
monitoring 2-16
overview 2-2
pruning 2-6
server, configuring 2-9
statistics 2-16
Token Ring support 2-5
transparent mode, configuring 2-12
version 1 2-5
version 2 2-5
disabling 2-15
enabling 2-13
overview 2-5
VLANs and 2-20
W
World Wide Web, for providing feedback ix
Index 5