The document discusses six principles of visual graphic design for instructional materials: 1. Contrast - Use sufficient contrast between elements so they are easily distinguished. 2. Alignment - Arrange elements in a parallel, organized manner. 3. Simplicity - Keep the message simple with only necessary text and graphics to avoid distraction. 4. Proximity - Leave appropriate space between elements to suggest relationships. 5. Emphasis - Have one main focal element to draw attention. 6. Repetition - Use repetition sparingly and only if needed for consistency.

1. The best layout feature with…

2. Visual Graphics for Instructional Design require a few standard rules

3. ONTRAST LIGNMENT IMPLICITY ROXIMITY MPHASIS EPETITION

4. 1 CONTRAST

5. CONTRAST Color Image Typography (font) Visual Graphics for Instructional Design

6. [ Distinguish the contrast ] Color Image Typography (font) Visual Graphics for Instructional Design

7. cont rast hard to see Visual Graphics for Instructional Design

8. contrast Must be high contrast to be easily seen Visual Graphics for Instructional Design

9. Low contrast is for camouflage

10. Easiest way to check high contrast is if picture has clear definition when in black & white

11. This is grey scale black & white

12. This is pure high contrast black & white

13. Low contrast pictures are not clear in black & white

14. typography Desktop publishing graphics Theories of multimedia animation Information Processing Learning Theories of Constructivism But sometimes you purposely want confusion

15. 2 ALIGNMENT

16. ALIGNMENT Text1 Images Text2

17. [ Arrange in a parallel order ] Text1 Images Text2

18. Focus Graphic Layout Proportion The focus of the visual stimuli must very clearly reflect and emphasize its objective Visual Graphics for Instructional Design . Focus on the page with no one section is heavier than the other. Or, a designer may intentionally throw elements out of balance to create tension or a certain mood.

19. balance can be symmetrical Visual Graphics for Instructional Design

23. OR balance can be a symmetrical Visual Graphics for Instructional Design

24. a symmetrical balance

26. Center focus alignment is most Powerful but beware of poor division of information because it can cause disruption in reading Graphic Layout Proportion

27. Center focus alignment is most Powerful but beware of poor division of information because it can cause disruption in reading Focus Division of Information Graphic Layout Proportion

28. But beware! Center Focus Alignment is NOT good for multiple layer or long presentations. Center Focus tends to imply “ self-containment ”, thus implying “the end”. It is most effective when designing a “ one-off ” visual, like a poster. For longer information, if it must be symmetrical, a better layout would be the Forced Justify . Graphic Layout Proportion

29. However, the Forced Justify _ alignment _ is very difficult to control, as you may find _ funny _ gaps _ in _ between text that cannot be controlled. Graphic Layout Proportion

30. Visual Graphics for Instructional Design best rule to remember…

31. 3 SIMPLICITY

32. SIMPLICITY

34. [ Simplify your presentation ]

35. Simplicity is the best policy “ Superfluous graphics can interfere with understanding” Anglin, G., Towers, R., & Levie, H. (1996). Visual message design and learning: The role of static and dynamic illustrations. In D.H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research for Educational Communications and Technology . New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. Visual Graphics for Instructional Design

36. Visual Graphics for Instructional Design Graphics four functions: Levie, W.H. & Lentz, R. (1982). Effects of text illustrations: A review of research. Educational Communications and Technology Journal, 30 (4), 195-232. helping poor readers by adding pictorial clues to decode text compensatory pictures increase comprehension to improve recollection and retention, or to provide information that is not otherwise available cognitive pictures enhance enjoyment or affect emotions and attitudes affective pictures or graphics attract attention to the material or direct attention within the material attention

37. Issues to consider in Graphics: Misanchuk, E., Schwier, R. & Boling, E. (in press). Visual design for instructional multimedia Larger pictures have more impact however, it is necessary to balance the need to have a graphic which is large with technical limitations, such as download time or computer capacity Size Users from other cultures may be offended by certain colors or graphics Culture Graphics should be as simple as possible and complexity should be added only where absolutely required Complexity Simplified drawings are better instructional aids since they focus attention on the salient points under construction Realism An essential picture which cannot be removed without harming comprehension Germaneness

38. Text Should also be simple “ An overabundance of fonts or colors can distract rather than assist learning” Levie, W.H. & Lentz, R. (1982). Effects of text illustrations: A review of research. Educational Communications and Technology Journal, 30 (4), 195-232. Visual Graphics for Instructional Design

39. Consistency & Simplicity Do NOT use more than three (3) font variations: Size Typeface Effects

40. Consistency & Simplicity Do NOT use more than three (3) font variations: Size Typeface Effects … by the way notice the Focus

41. “ The Whole is More Than the Sum of Its Parts” Wertheimer, M. (1924). Gestalt theory. Social Research, 11, translation of lecture at the Kant Society, Berlin. Powerful Presentations using Creative Media for Instructional Design with maximum Impact & Effect Strategy & Tactics Using both graphics and text

42. figures adapted from examples in: Mullet, K. & Sano, D. (1995). Designing visual interfaces: Communication oriented techniques. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Gestalt Theory

43. 4 PROXIMITY

44. PROXIMITY proximity or closeness creates a bond between people and between elements on a page. How close together or far apart elements are placed suggests a relationship (or lack of) between otherwise disparate parts.

45. PROXIMITY Gap between Texts Gap between Graphics Gap between Texts and Graphics

46. [ Do a suitable space within object ] Gap between Texts Gap between Graphics Gap between Texts and Graphics

47. 5 EMPHASIS

48. EMPHASIS

49. [ You should have one main item ]

50. 6 REPETITION

51. REPETITION Color Consistency Standardizes Font Type Related Shapes and Images

52. [ Use repetition only if you need ] Color Consistency Standardizes Font Type Related Shapes and Images

53. Always remember CASPER…. Thank you to: My Lecture PN Firuz H.Husin, My friend Zana, JU ICT Gombak, and others.