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5G WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
- Still 4G auction not over, but time to start talking 5G
Melateiskhem Giri
Electronics and Communication
Adichunchanagiri Institute of Technology
Chikmagalur
melateiskhem@gmail.com
Saima Riaz
Electronics and Communication
Adichunchanagiri Institute of Technology
Chikmagalur
Saimamohammed163@gmail.com
Abstract — The wireless industry is busy with standardization of
fourth generation cellular networks. The 4G standards are expected
to be concluded in the next year or two. 4G wireless system cannot
exist in today’s market without standardization. The 4G concept
already moved to the standardization phase, we must begin to work
on building blocks of the 5G wireless networks. The major difference,
from a user point of view, between current generations and expected
5G techniques must be something else than increased maximum
throughput; other requirements include low battery consumption,
more secure. We refer to this goal as enabling the 4A’s paradigm i.e.
Any rate, Anytime, Anywhere and Affordable. In particular, this paper
focuses on the features such as broadband internet in mobile phones
with a possibility to provide internet facility in the computer by just
connecting the mobile and with a speed of 10Gbps and more. In 5G
researches are being made on development of World Wide Wireless
Web (WWWW), Dynamic Adhoc Wireless Networks (DAWN) and
Real Wireless World.
Keywords—1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, GSM
INTRODUCTION
We are living in modern science. We cannot think a
single moment without science. Science makes our life easy
and comfortable. Modern world is being compressed due to
the development of science and its technologies. During the
last few decades, the world has seen phenomenal changes in
the telecommunications industry due to science and
technology. We have different mobile and wireless
communication technologies, which are mass deployed, such
as WiMAX, Wi-Fi, LTE (Long Term Evolution), 3G mobile
networks (UMTS, cdma2000) and 4G as well as
accompanying networks, such as personal area networks (e.g.,
Bluetooth, ZigBee) or sensor networks. Mobile terminals
include variety of interfaces, such as GSM is one, which are
based on old-fashioned circuit switching, the technology that
is going into its last decade of existence. These technologies
(mainly cellular generations) differ from each other based on
four main aspects: radio access, data rates, bandwidth and
switching schemes . These differences have been noticed in
previous generations (1G, 2G, 2.5G and 3G etc.). In
accordance to, we are exploring the most advance cellular
technology, could be 5G.
5G Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile
Technology. 5G technology has changed to use cell phones
within very high bandwidth. 5G is a packet switched wireless
system with wide area coverage and high throughput. 5G
technologies use CDMA and BDMA and millimeter wireless
that enables seed is greater than 100Mbps at full mobility and
higher than1Gbps at low mobility. The 5G technologies
include all types of advanced features which make 5G
technology most powerful and in huge demand in the near
future. It is not amazing, such a huge collection of technology
being integrated into a small device. The 5G technology
provides the mobile phone users more features and efficiency.
A user of mobile phone can easily hook their 5G technology
gadget with laptops or tablets to acquire broadband internet
connectivity. Up till now following features of the 5G
technology have come to surface- High resolution is offered
by 5G for extreme mobile users, it also offers bidirectional
huge bandwidth , higher data rates and the finest Quality of
Service (QoS).
EVOLUTION FROM 0G TO 5G
Classical 0G
Wireless telephone started with what you might call 0G. the
great ancestor is the mobile telephone service that became
available just after World War II. Technologies use in 0G
systems included PTT (Push To Talk), MTS (Mobile Telephone
System), IMTS (Improved Mobile Telephone Service), AMTS
(Advanced Mobile Telephone System).
1G:GSM
0G vision proved wrong when the GSM concretely came to
life in 1990-91 in Finland.1G was old analog system and
supported the 1st generation of analog cell phones speed up to
2.4kbps. Advance mobile phone system (AMPS) was first
launched by the US and is a 1G mobile system. It allows users
to make voice calls in one country.
Fig.1: 1G Mobile Phone
1G technology replaced 0G technology, which featured mobile
radio telephones and such technologies as Mobile Telephone
System (MTS), Advanced Mobile Telephone System (AMTS),
Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS), and Push to Talk
(PTT).

2G
2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched
on the GSM standard in Finland by Radio linja in 1991. 2G
technologies enabled the various mobile phone networks to
provide the services such as text messages, picture messages
and MMS (multimedia messages). 2G technology is more
efficient.. It was planned for voice transmission with digital
signal and the speeds up to 64kbps.2G technology holds
sufficient security for both the sender and the receiver. All text
messages are digitally encrypted. This digital encryption
allows for the transfer of data in such a way that only the
intended receiver can receive and read it. Second generation
technologies are either time division multiple access (TDMA)
or code division multiple access (CDMA). TDMA allows for
the division of signal into time slots. CDMA allocates each
user a special code to communicate over a multiplex physical
channel. Different TDMA technologies are GSM, PDC, iDEN,
I.S-136. CDMA technology is IS-95.
GSM has its origin from the Group Special Mobile, in
Europe. GSM is also stands for Global System for mobile
communication. Now GSM is used in more than 212 countries
in the world. GSM technology was the first one to help
establish international roaming. In comparison to 1G's analog
signals, 2G's digital signals are very reliant on location and
proximity.
2.75G:EDGE
Which is a pretty recent standard allows for downloading
faster. Since mobile devices have become both a TV and a
Walkman or music player, people needed to be able to watch
streaming video and download mp3 files faster that´s precisely
what EDGE allows for and that’s for the good news. The bad
news is that if EDGE rock sat downloading, it´s protocol is a
symmetrical hence making EDGE suck at uploading i.e.
broadcasting videos of yours for instance. Still an interesting
achievement thanks to which data packets can effectively
reach 180 Kbytes/sec. EDGE is now widely being used.
3G:UMTS
Third generation (3G) services combine high speed mobile
access with Internet Protocol (IP)-based services. The main
features of 3G technology include wireless web base access,
multimedia services, email, and video conferencing. The 3G
W-CDMA air interface standard had been designed for
―always-on‖ packet-based wireless service, so that computer,
entertainment devices and telephones may all share the same
wireless network and be connected internet anytime,
anywhere. 3G systems offer high data rates up to 2 Mbps, over
5 MHz channel carrier width, depending on mobility/velocity,
and high spectrum efficiency. The data rate supported by 3G
networks depends also on the environment the call is being
made in; 144 kbps in satellite and rural outdoor, 384 kbps in
urban outdoor and 2Mbps in indoor and low range outdoor.
The frequency band is 1.8 - 2.5 GHz.
3.5G:HSDPA
It is theoretically six times faster than UMTS. Practically
speaking this would mean, downloading a mp3 file would take
about 30 seconds instead of something like 2 minutes.
4G
The basic feature of 3G Technology is fast data transfer
rates. However this feature is not currently working properly
because, ITU 200 is still making decision to fix the data rates.
Network authentication has won the trust of users, because the
user can rely on its network as a reliable source of transferring
data. . 4G is a conceptual framework and a discussion point to
address future needs of a high speed wireless network. It is
expected to emerge around 2010 – 2015. 4G should be able to
provided very smooth global roaming ubiquitously with lower
cost.
Some of the applications are:
1. Mobile TV – a provider redirects a TV channel directly to
the subscriber's phone where it can be watched.
2. Video on demand – a provider sends a movie to the
subscriber's phone.
3. Video conferencing – subscribers can see as well as talk to

each other.
4. Location-based services – a provider sends localized
weather or traffic conditions to the phone, or the phone allows
the subscriber to find nearby businesses or friends
5. Mobile ultra-broadband (gigabit speed) access and multi-
carrier transmission.
6. Mobile WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for
Microwave Access)
5G
5G Wireless Communication System is not deployed yet.
The big challenge for the design and deployment of 5G
wireless system can be faced easily as proposed features and
architecture (mentioned below) that will increase system
capacity and quality within the limited available frequency
spectrum, whose frequency band and Data Bandwidth will be
‗3-300GHz‘ and ‗1Gbps & higher (as demand)‘ successively.
The remarkable issue, there don‘t have any limitation in 5G as
respect to user demands in the next 200 years. The 5G also
implies the whole wireless world interconnection (WISDOM
—Wireless Innovative System for Dynamic Operating Mega
communications concept), together with very high data rates
of the Quality of Service (QoS) applications.
Fig.5: Evolutional changes in mobile technologies.
WHAT IS 5G
This paper mainly focuses on how a 5G network can
provide more facilities approach to a common man to utilize
his available possessions in an enormous way to make him to
feel the real progress. As a user point of view, the major
difference between current generations and expected 5G
techniques must be something else than increased maximum
throughput. 5G is to be a new technology that will provide all
the possible applications, by using only one universal device,
and interconnecting most of the already existing
communication infrastructures. The 5G terminals will be an
upgradable multimode and cognitive radio- enabled. It will
have software defined radio modulation schemes. All the
required upgradable software should be downloaded from the
Internet on the run. The 5G mobile networks will focus on the
development of the user terminals where the terminals will
have access to different wireless technologies at the same time
and will consolidate various flows from various technologies.
Besides, the terminal will make the ultimate choice among
different wireless/mobile access network providers for a given
service.
WHAT 5G TECHNOLOGY OFFERS?
5G Technology going to be a new mobile revolution in
mobile market. Through 5G technology now you can use
worldwide cellular phones and this technology also strike the
china mobile market and a user being proficient to get access
to Germany phone as a local phone. With the coming out of
cell phone alike to PDA now your whole office in your finger
tips or in your phone. 5G technology has extra ordinary data
capabilities and has ability to tie together unrestricted call
volumes and infinite data broadcast within latest mobile
operating system.
5G technology has a bright future because it can handle best
technologies and offer priceless handset to their customers.
May be in coming days 5G technology takes over the world
market. 5G Technologies have an extraordinary capability to
support Software and Consultancy. The Router and switch
technology used in 5G network providing high connectivity.
The 5G technology distributes internet access to nodes within
the building and can be deployed with union of wired or
wireless network connections. The current trend of 5G
technology has a glowing future.
FEATURES OF 5G
1. It could make better revenue for current global
operators as well as interoperability will become more
feasible.
2. Improved and innovative data coding and modulation
techniques, which includes filter bank multi carrier way in
schemes.
3. For wireless access and back haul use of millimeter
wave frequencies is very useful.
4. With the support of different conduction points with
related coverage and surrounding the option of a supple
usage of resources for uplink and down link transmission

in each cell is achieved by superior intrusion and mobility
management.
5. To make 5G practical for all sorts of radio access
technologies there should be a common platform unique
for all the technologies.
6. Lower battery consumption.
7. Lower outage probability.
8. Better coverage and high data rates available at cell
edge.
9. Multiple concurrent data transfer paths.
10. Possible to1Gbps and higher data rate in mobility.
11. More secure; better cognitive radio/SDR Security.
12. Higher system level spectral efficiency.
13. World Wide Wireless Web (WWWW), wireless-
based web applications that include full multimedia
capability beyond 4G speeds.
14. More applications combined with Artificial
Intelligent (AI) as human life will be surrounded by
artificial sensors which could be communicating with
mobile phones.
15. Not harmful to human health.
16. Cheaper traffic fees due to low infrastructure
deployment costs.
17. Smart beam antenna systems.
ADVANTAGES OF 5G
It is designed for 5G communication system to fulfill
the limitless target up to the next two centuries, the common
features as following;
1. Files can be downloaded (even movies) within
seconds.
2. Pages will upload almost instantly.
3. Can play easily online games.
4. 5G devices are comparatively less expensive than 3G
and 4G devices.
5. Using 5G the battery runs out very fast.
6. Finest Quality of Service (QoS).
7. All Networks can be gathered on a platform.
8. Easily support previous generations.
9. New deployments of 5G can be connected directly
with The Mastercore by 5G -IU (5G Interfacing Unit)
without All IP concept.
10. No limitation as user demands.
11. Ability to support the new services.
12. World combination services are available.
13. The MasterCore‘s hardware and software are
upgradeable.
14. Able to fill user‘s demand up to next century.
15. Subscribers can store data in central storage.
16. Remote PCs can be controlled by handsets.
17. Subscriber can use application software without
installation in own devices that provided by the
MasterCore.
18. Security is distributed several layers.
19. The MasterCore can manage all securities of PSTNs,
MSC, and BTS etc.
20. The high quality services of 5G technology based on
Policy to avoid error.
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
CW: A World Wide Wireless Web is capable of supporting
a comprehensive wireless-based Web application that includes
full graphics and multimedia capability at beyond 4G speeds.
WCDMA: Wideband CDMA is a technology for wideband
digital radio communications of multimedia and other
capacity demanding applications. It is adopted by ITU under
the name IMT-2000 direct spread.
PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network is a regular voice
telephone network. Spread Spectrum: It is a form of wireless
communication in which the frequency of the transmitted
signal is deliberately varied over a wide range. This results in
a higher bandwidth of the signal than the one without varied
frequency.
TDMA: Time Division Multiple Access is a technology for
sharing a medium by several users by dividing into different
time slots transmitting at the same frequency.
UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System is the
third generation mobile telephone standard in Europe that was
proposed by ETSI.
WAP: Wireless Application Protocol defines the use of
TCP/IP and Web browsing for mobile systems.
CDMA-2000: Sometimes also known as IS-136 and IMT-
CDMA multicarrier (1X/3X) is an evolution of narrowband
radio transmission technology known as CDMA-ONE or
CDMA or IS-95.1X refers to the use of 1.25 Mhz. channels
while 3X refers to 5 Mhz. channels.
FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
5G network technology will reveal a new era in
mobile communication technology. The 5G mobile phones
will have access to different wireless technologies at the same
time and the terminal should be able to combine different
flows from different technologies. 5G technology offer high
resolution for crazy cell phone user. 5G technology will
provide supper and perfect utilization of cellular
communication in future. We can monitor any place of the
world from anywhere, observe space and watch TV channels
at HD clarity in our mobile phones without any interruption.
There will be exciting amusement unbelievable services. The
5G mobile phones will be a tablet PC and amazing. Many
mobile embedded technologies will evolve.
Beyond 5G: The future enhancement of Nano-core will be

incredible as it combines with artificial intelligent (AI). One
can able to control his intelligent Robot using his mobile
phone. Your mobile can automatically type the message what
your brain thinks. We might get a circumstance where we
don’t require any spectrum for communication. 6G technology
haven’t been fully revealed yet but search phrases like what is
6g mobile technology, 6g technology, 6g mobile, 6g network,
6g wiki, 6g technology ppt. are getting more familiar with new
mobile technology getting evolved.
CONCLUSION
In this paper we have discussed the existing and
future wireless mobile communication generations and
cellular systems focusing on four main key factors: switching
schemes, bandwidth, data rates, and radio access, also 5G
main development challenges and explained the necessity for
5G. The 5G mobile technology will be implemented at the end
of the current decade.
The idea of WWWW, world-wide wireless web, is started
from 4G technologies. 5G evolution will be based on 4G.
Thus, 5G should make an important difference and add more
services and features to the world over 4G. 5G should be more
intelligent technology that interconnects the entire world
without limits. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a multi
bandwidth data path scheme for 5G real wireless world,
completed WWWW, we refer to this goal as enabling the 4A’s
paradigm- Any rate, Anytime, Anywhere, Affordable.
X. REFERENCES
1. Xichun Li, Rosli Salleh, (2007), ―Handoff
2. techniques for 4G wireless mobile Internet‖,
information Technology Journal 6 (5), pp. 745-750.
3. Aleksandar Tudzarov and Toni Janevski Functional
Architecture for 5g Mobile Network International
Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol.
32, July, 2011.
4. Toni Janevski , 5G Mobile Phone Concept ,
Consumer Communications and Networking
Conference, 2009 6th IEEE.
5. Theodore S. Rappaport, “Wireless Communications
Principle and Practice,” published by Pearson
Education (Singapore) Pte. Ltd,. Second Edition,
Chapter Two;
6. Vijay K. Garg and Joseph E. Wilkes, “Principles &
Applications of GSM,” Published by Dopling
7. Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd., licensees of Pearson
Education in South Asia, First Impression, 2006;
URL:
8. http://ytd2525.wordpress.com/category/all-ip-
networks/
9. http://www3.nd.edu/~mhaenggi/NET/wireless/4G/#3
G%20Vs%204G%20
10. http://www.techopedia.com/definition/9049/quality-
of-service
11. http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/wireless/millimeter-
waves-may-be-the-future-of-5g-phones
12. http://www.slideshare.net/noorec786/generations-of-
network-1-g-2g-3g-4g-5g

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