BUSINESS CHAPTER 3RD MBA SVU

1. Module 3
By
Dr. Kiran Kumar Thoti

2. Social Changes
•
Social change refers to an alteration in
the social order of a society.
•
Social change may include changes
in nature, social institutions, social behaviors,
or social relations.
•
Social change may refer to the notion of social
progress or socio cultural evolution, the
philosophical idea that society moves forward
by dialectical or evolutionary means.

3. Wave front Analysis by Alvin Toffler
•
“the world has not swerved into lunacy, and
that, in fact, beneath the clatter and jangle of
seemingly senseless events there lies a
startling and potentially hopeful pattern... The
Third Wave is for those who think the human
story, far from ending, has only just begun"
(Toffler 1980, 1).
•
1. First Wave: the agricultural revolution
•
2. Second Wave: the industrial revolution

4. Wave front
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Each wave, or civilization phase, develops its
own "super- ideology," or Zeitgeist, with which
it explains reality and justifies its own
existence. This ideology impacts all the
spheres which make up a civilization phase:
•
technology
•
social patterns
•
information patterns
•
"power" patterns

5. THE FIRST WAVE
•
The agricultural revolution took thousands of
years to play out.
•
Extent of spread: "Today the First Wave has
virtually subsided. Only a few tiny tribal
populations, in South America or Papua New
Guinea, for example, remain to be reached by
agriculture" (Toffler 1980, 13).
•
"..land was the basis of economy, life, culture,
family structure, and politics" (Toffler 1980,
21).

6. THE SECOND WAVE
•
he industrial revolution took three hundred
years to mature.
•
Extent of spread: "..having revolutionized life
in Europe, North America, and some other
parts of the globe [the western Soviet Union,
Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan,
Australia, New Zealand, South Korea, and
parts of mainland China]... continues to
spread as many countries, until now basically
agricultural, scramble to build steel mills, auto

7. RESULTS OF ALL THESE FACTORS
•
The spread of literacy
•
Improvement of roads and transport
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A widening split between consumer and
producer
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A new social character: industrial man
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Dependence of survival on money
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Creation of the nuclear family
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Factory-like schools

8. THE THIRD WAVE -- THE NEW
SYNTHESIS
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To see the new, emerging, patterns we must
resist two powerful Second Wave forms of
thinking: Analysis. We cannot see the future in
the same way we solve problems--by
dismantling problems into their component
parts. We must practice, instead, synthesis.
•
Linearity. We must resist the temptation to be
seduced by straight lines. Tomorrow will not
be just an extension of today. Trends, no
matter how powerful, do not continue in a

9. Third Wave in organization
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"For Third Wave civilization, the most basic
raw material of all--and on that can never be
exhausted--is information... With information
becoming more important than ever before,
the new civilization will restructure education,
redefine scientific research and, above all,
reorganize the media of communication...
Instead of being culturally dominated by a few
mass media, Third Wave civilization will rest
on inter- active, de-massified media, feeding

10. Cultural dynamics
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Business environments are changing at a very
fast rate owing to
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(I) Globalization in the system of production
and distribution of goods and services
•
(ii) Liberalization and Pluralism in international
trade and investment
•
(iii) Innovation in production, communication
and information technology
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(iv) Tapping of new markets under severe

11. Cultural process & Cultural lag
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The term cultural lag refers to the notion
that culture takes time to catch up with
technological innovations, and that social
problems and conflicts are caused by this lag.
Subsequently, cultural lag does not only apply
to this idea only, but also relates to theory and
explanation. It helps by identifying and
explaining social problems and also to predict
future problems.
•
As explained by James W. Woodward, when

12. Secular Outlook
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As the lines between interest rate and credit
risk become blurred, finding sources of “safe
spread” becomes even more critical - with
investments based on traditional, broad sector
classifications worthy of review.
•
Diversification is still as important as ever, but
we believe investors need to look at risk
factors rather than traditional asset classes
when making asset allocation decisions.
•
To meet the challenges ahead, investors

13. Community development
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A community is a social unit of any size that
shares common values.
•
Although embodied or face-to-face
communities are usually small, larger or more
extended communities such as
national community, international
community and virtual community are also
studied.
•
In human communities, intent, belief, resource
s, preferences, needs, risks, and a number of

14. Contd..
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The United Nations defines Community
development as "a process where community
members come together to take collective
action and generate solutions to common
problems.”
•
It is a broad term given to the practices of civic
leaders, activists, involved citizens and
professionals to improve various aspects of
communities, typically aiming to build
stronger and more resilient local communities.

15. Contd..
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Community development seeks to empower
individuals and groups of people by providing
them with the skills they need to effect
change within their communities.
•
These skills are often created through the
formation of large social groups working for a
common agenda.
•
Community developers must understand both
how to work with individuals and how to
affect communities' positions within the

16. Consumerism
•
Consumerism is a social and economic order
and ideology that encourages the acquisition
of goods and services in ever-greater
amounts.
•
Early criticisms of consumerism are present in
the works of Thorstein Veblen (1899)

17. Contd..
•
In the domain of politics, the term
"consumerism" has also been used to refer to
something quite different called
the consumerists movement, consumer
protection or consumer activism, which seeks
to protect and inform consumers by requiring
such practices as honest packaging and
advertising, product guarantees, and
improved safety standards.
•
In this sense it is a political movement or a set