This document defines key terms related to computers and information technology. It defines terms such as application software, basic applications, communication devices, compact discs, computer competency, computer networks, connectivity, data, databases, device drivers, desktop computers, digital versatile discs, document file formats, end users, floppy disks, general purpose applications, handheld computers, hard disks, hardware, information, information systems, information technology, input devices, the Internet, keyboards, laptop computers, mainframe computers, memory, microcomputers, microprocessors, midrange computers, minicomputers, modems, monitors, networks, notebooks, operating systems, optical disks, output devices, Palm computers, people, personal digital assistants, presentations,

1. CHAPTER 2

2. Application software might be described as end user software.
Application software

3. Basic application or General-purpose application are widely used in nearly
all career areas.
Basic application

4. A communication device is piece of equipment or hardware designed to
move information or data from one place to another, in other words,
allowing one computer device
Communication device

5. Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format. The
format was originally developed to store and play sound recordings only
(CD-DA), but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM).
Compact disc (CD)

6. Computer competency is a process whereby a student demonstrates his
or her ability to perform college level basic computing work. This process
includes the successful completion of a Computer Competency Exam or
the completion of a specified computer course.
Computer competency

7. computer network is a group of computers connected to each other
electronically. This means that the computers can "talk" to each other
and that every computer in the network can send information to the
others.
Computer network

8. Connectivity, allows computers to connect and to share information.
Connectivity

9. The raw, unprocessed facts, including text , numbers , images and
sounds are called data.
Data

10. A database file is an organized collection of data. The data are typically
organized to model aspects of reality in a way that supports processes
requiring this information.
Database file

11. In computing, a device driver (commonly referred to as simply a driver) is
a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device
that is attached to a computer.
Device driver

12. A desktop computer is a personal computer in a form intended for
regular use at a single location desk/table due to its size and power
requirements, as opposed to a laptop whose rechargeable battery and
compact dimensions allow it to be regularly carried and used in different
locations.
Desktop computer

13. DVD (sometimes explained as "digital video disc" or "digital versatile
disc"[5][6]) is a digital optical disc storage format, invented and
developed by Philips, Sony, Toshiba, and Panasonic in 1995. DVDs can be
played in many types of players, including DVD players. DVDs offer higher
storage capacity than compact discs while having the same dimensions.
Digital versatile disc (DVD)

14. DVD (sometimes explained as "digital video disc" or "digital versatile
disc"[5][6]) is a digital optical disc storage format, invented and
developed by Philips, Sony, Toshiba, and Panasonic in 1995. DVDs can be
played in many types of players, including DVD players. DVDs offer higher
storage capacity than compact discs while having the same dimensions.
Digital video disc (DVD)

15. A document file format is a text or binary file format for storing
documents on a storage media, especially for use by computers. There
currently exists a multitude of incompatible document file formats.
Document file

16. people, end users like you, more productive.
End user

17. A floppy disk, or diskette, is a disk storage medium composed of a disk of
thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular
plastic carrier lined with fabric that removes dust particles. Floppy disks
are read and written by a floppy disk drive (FDD).
Floppy disk

18. Basic application or General-purpose application are widely used in nearly
all career areas. They are the kinds of programs you have to know to be
considcareer areas.
General-purpose application

19. A handheld PC, or H/PC for short, is a computer built around a form
factor which is smaller than any standard laptop computer. It is
sometimes referred to as a palmtop. The first hand-held device
compatible with desktop IBM personal computers of the time was the
Atari Portfolio of 1989. Other early models were the Poqet PC of 1989
and the Hewlett Packard HP 95LX of 1991. Other DOS-compatible hand-
held computers also existed.
Handheld computer

20. A hard disk drive (HDD)[b] is a data storage device used for storing and
retrieving digital information using rapidly rotating disks (platters)
coated with magnetic material.[2] An HDD retains its data even when
powered off. Data is read in a random-access manner, meaning
individual blocks of data can be stored or retrieved in any order rather
than sequentially. An HDD consists of one or more rigid ("hard") rapidly
rotating disks (platters) with magnetic heads arranged on a moving
actuator arm to read and write data to the surfaces.
Hard disk

21. The equipment that processes the data to create information is called
hardware
Hardware

22. The purpose of software is to convert data into information.
Information

23. An information system has five parts : people , procedures , software ,
hardware and data.
Information system

24. Information technology (IT), including software , hardware and data
Information technology (IT)

25. Translate data and program that humans can understand into a form that
the computer can process.
Input device

26. The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use
the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link several billion devices
worldwide. It is an international network of networks that consists of millions
of private, public, academic, business, and government packet switched
networks, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical
networking technologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of
information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext
documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), the
infrastructure to support email, and peer-to-peer networks for file sharing and
telephony.
Internet

27. Translate data and program that humans can understand into a form that
the computer can process. The most common input devices are the
keyboard.
Keyboard

28. Alternatively referred to as a notebook, a laptop is a portable computer
that with the same abilities as a desktop, but is small enough for easy
mobility. Portable computers run off AC power or batteries, such as
NiMH or NiCad packs, for a few hours.
Laptop computer

29. Mainframe computers (colloquially referred to as "big iron"[1]) are
computers used primarily by corporate and governmental organizations
for critical applications, bulk data processing such as census, industry and
consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning and transaction
processing.
Mainframe computer

30. Memory, also known as primary storage or random access memory
(RAM)
Memory

31. A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a
microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU).[2] It includes a
microprocessor, memory, and input/output (I/O) facilities.
Microcomputer

32. The microprocessor controls and manipulates data to produce
information.
Microprocessor

33. Midrange computers, or midrange systems, are a class of computer systems
which fall in between mainframe computers and microcomputers.
The class emerged in the 1960s and machines were generally known at the
time as minicomputers - especially models from Digital Equipment Corporation
(PDP line), Data General, Hewlett-Packard (HP3000 line and successors), and
Sun Microsystems (SPARC Enterprise). These were widely used in science and
research as well as for business.
Midrange computer

34. A minicomputer, or colloquially mini, is a class of smaller computers that
evolved in the mid-1960s and sold for much less than mainframeand mid-
size computers from IBM and its direct competitors.
Minicomputer

35. A modem (modulator-demodulator) is a device that modulates an analog
carrier signal to encode digital information and demodulates the signal to
decode the transmitted information.
Modem

36. The most common output devices are monitors.
Monitor

37. A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to
share resources (such as printers and CDs), exchange files, or allow
electronic communications. The computers on a network may be linked
through cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared light
beams.
Network

38. A laptop is a portable personal computer with a clamshell form factor,
suitable for mobile use.[1] They are also sometimes called notebook
computers or notebooks. Laptops are commonly used in a variety of
settings, including work, education, and personal multimedia.
Notebook computer

39. Operating system are programs that coordinate computer resources,
provide an interface between users and the computer, and run
application.
Operating system

40. In computing and optical disc recording technologies, an optical disc
(OD) is a flat, usually circular disc which encodes binary data (bits) in the
form of pits (binary value of 0 or off, due to lack of reflection when read)
and lands (binary value of 1 or on, due to a reflection when read) on a
special material on one of its flat surfaces.
Optical disk

41. Translate the processed information from the computer into a form that
humans can understand.
Output device

42. Palm handhelds were Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) that ran the
Palm OS.On 28 April 2010 it was announced that Hewlett-Packard would
acquire Palm for around US$1.2bn. Although HP kept the Palm brand
initially, all new PDA devices announced at press announcement on
February 9, 2011, were branded as HP devices, not as Palm devices.
Palm computer

43. It is easy to overlook people as one of the five parts of an information
system.
People

44. A personal digital assistant (PDA), also known as a palmtop computer, or
personal data assistant is a mobile device that functions as a personal
information manager. PDAs are largely considered obsolete with the
widespread adoption of smartphones.
Personal digital assistant (PDA)

45. A presentation is the process of presenting a topic to an audience. It is
typically a demonstration, lecture, or speech meant to inform, persuade,
or build good will. The term can also be used for a formal or ritualized
introduction or offering, as with the presentation of a debutante.
Presentation file

46. Memory, also known as primary storage or random access memory,
holds data and program instructions for processing the data.
Primary storage

47. The most common output devices are printers.
Printer

48. The rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software ,
hardware and data are procedures.
Procedures

49. A program consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the
computer how to do its work.
Program

50. Memory, also known as primary storage or random access memory,
holds data and program instructions for processing the data.
Random access memory (RAM)

51. Secondary storage technology refers to storage devices and storage
media that are not always directly accessible by a computer. This differs
from primary storage technology, such as an internal hard drive, which is
constantly available.
Secondary storage device

52. Service program, perform specific tasks related to managing computer
resources.
Service program

53. Software is another name for a program or programs.
Software

54. Specialized applications, also known as special-purpose application,
include thousands of other programs that are more narrowly focused on
specific disciplines and occupations.
Specialized application

55. Specialized applications, also known as special-purpose application,
include thousands of other programs that are more narrowly focused on
specific disciplines and occupations.
Special-purpose application

56. A supercomputer is a computer at the frontline of contemporary
processing capacity – particularly speed of calculation which can happen
at speeds of nanoseconds.
Super computer

57. System cabinet or chassis, is a container that houses most of the
electronic components that make up a computer system.
System cabinet

58. System software enables the application software to interact with the
computer hardware.
System software

59. System unit, also known as the system cabinet or chassis, is a container
that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer
system.
System unit

60. a kind of mobile computer, usually having a touchscreen or pen-enabled
interface.
Tablet PC

61. Memory is sometimes referred to as temporary storage because its
contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is
disrupted.
Temporary storage

62. Utility, also known as service program, perform specific tasks related to
managing computer resources.
Utility

63. The most common output devices are video display screen.
Video display screen

64. The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3,[1] commonly known
as the Web) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents that are
accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages
that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and
navigate between them via hyperlinks.
WEB

65. The best way to explain the wireless revolution is that it is when Internet
and networking was breaking free of the constraints of cables. For
example, many older networks were LAN based. Now most smaller
networks have become completely wireless.
Wireless revolution

66. A worksheet generator is a software program that generates problems,
particularly in mathematics or numeracy. Such software is often used by
teachers to make classroom materials and tests.
Worksheet file

67. The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3,[1] commonly known
as the Web) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents that are
accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages
that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and
navigate between them via hyperlinks.
World wide web (WWW)