The document discusses the five themes of geography and history: location, place, movement, human-environment interaction, and region. Location describes where places are on Earth using absolute coordinates or relative to other locations. Place is described by its physical features like climate and bodies of water as well as human features like housing and livelihoods. Movement refers to the flow of people, goods, and resources between locations. Human-environment interaction examines how humans adapt to and change their environments. Finally, a region is an area with similar physical or cultural characteristics.