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5 C’s of Credit
                                        Analysis




1 Character          2 Capacity       3 Capital          4 Collateral       5 Condition




                          Income           Assets &
  Social character      statement          liabilities        Tangibility    Economic survey
                         analysis           analysis


                       Interview &                                              Real estate
  Legal character                         Interview           Liquidity
                       observation                                               analysis
Character
Social                             Legal
Qualitative = values, ethics and   Qualitative = criminality
               behavior with                      record
               society
Quantitative = NADRA record,       Quantitative = credit history
               domicile                          through E-CIB
Capacity (financial performance)
Income statement analysis       Interview & observation
Quantitative                    Qualitative
                                   If there is no I/S then
Expenses < revenues (accept)       interview is conducted and
Expenses = revenues (reject)       his or her financial
                                   performance is observed.
Expenses > revenues ( reject)      For this purpose analytical
                                   approach should be higher.
Capital ( financial performance)
Assets & liabilities analysis    Assessment
Quantitative                     Qualitative
                                   If there is no B/S then
Assets > liabilities ( accept)     interview is conducted and
Assets = liabilities (reject)      his or her financial position
                                   is observed. For this
Assets < liabilities (reject)      purpose analytical approach
                                   should be higher.
Collateral (security)
Tangibility                       Liquidity
Quantitative                      Qualitative
Having tangible mass.             • Easily saleable
                                  • No time waiting
Total assets – intangible fixed   • Less transactional cost
                assets
Condition
Economic survey               Real estate analysis
Quantitative                  Qualitative
  A business, industry or       Specially for consumer
  sector’s condition is         loans real estate study is
  checked through the study     necessary because the
  of economic surveys.          securities are in the shape
  e.g. sizing industry, CNG     of land.
  pumps

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5 c’s of credit analysis

  • 1.
  • 2. 5 C’s of Credit Analysis 1 Character 2 Capacity 3 Capital 4 Collateral 5 Condition Income Assets & Social character statement liabilities Tangibility Economic survey analysis analysis Interview & Real estate Legal character Interview Liquidity observation analysis
  • 3. Character Social Legal Qualitative = values, ethics and Qualitative = criminality behavior with record society Quantitative = NADRA record, Quantitative = credit history domicile through E-CIB
  • 4. Capacity (financial performance) Income statement analysis Interview & observation Quantitative Qualitative If there is no I/S then Expenses < revenues (accept) interview is conducted and Expenses = revenues (reject) his or her financial performance is observed. Expenses > revenues ( reject) For this purpose analytical approach should be higher.
  • 5. Capital ( financial performance) Assets & liabilities analysis Assessment Quantitative Qualitative If there is no B/S then Assets > liabilities ( accept) interview is conducted and Assets = liabilities (reject) his or her financial position is observed. For this Assets < liabilities (reject) purpose analytical approach should be higher.
  • 6. Collateral (security) Tangibility Liquidity Quantitative Qualitative Having tangible mass. • Easily saleable • No time waiting Total assets – intangible fixed • Less transactional cost assets
  • 7. Condition Economic survey Real estate analysis Quantitative Qualitative A business, industry or Specially for consumer sector’s condition is loans real estate study is checked through the study necessary because the of economic surveys. securities are in the shape e.g. sizing industry, CNG of land. pumps

Editor's Notes

  1. Hierarchy of C’s shouldn’t be changed i.e. capacity is analyzed before character it will be wrong. But in some conditions it can be changed or the client can be rejected if any C isn’t good and that is clearly known by the banker. For example if an industry’s condition isn’t good then the banker don’t have need to analyze the previous C’s. the banker can reject the client directly.
  2. E-CIB = electronic – credit information beauru (if e-cib –ve then rejected, if +ve then accepted and if loan taken but installments is paying on time then also accepted.Criminality record is taken from the court.
  3. Just liabilities will be analyzed in comparison of assets the equity will be ignored.Assets = liabilities + capital80000 = 70000 now (80000-70000 = 10000)Up to this extent (10000) loan can be disbursed.
  4. Liquidity:Land (D.ground)Rs land (village)Rs100000 100000 Now the land in D.ground will be preferred because that is more liquid(easily saleable).Tangibility:Good will, copy right patents etc don’t have tangible mass so can’t be taken as collateral.