43 bile duct narrowing or obstruction
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The document discusses various causes of narrowing or obstruction of the bile duct, including cholangiocarcinoma, Klatskin tumor, ampullary carcinoma, carcinoma of the head of the pancreas, colon cancer metastases, granular cell tumor, primary sclerosing cholangitis, cholangiolitic hepatitis, chronic pancreatitis, benign strictures post-surgery, and congenital membranous diaphragms. It provides images of each condition illustrating the characteristic appearance of bile duct narrowing or obstruction.
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A single, small kidney with scarring was found on clinical imaging. The document describes three possible causes for this finding: 1) Chronic atrophic pyelonephritis, shown as a focal reduction in thickness in the upper pole of the right kidney. 2) Segmental renal infarction seen as a triangular defect with its base near the kidney surface on an arteriogram. 3) Tuberculous autonephrectomy seen as coarse irregular calcification retaining a kidney shape along with calcification of the ureter, indicating past tuberculosis infection.
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In collaboration with Dr. Linh Nguyen, Supportive Medicine at UTHealth Medical School, we have created this slide deck for Advanced Practice Nurses.
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This lecture is designed to meet our Advanced Practice Nursing audience where they are at and provide tools, knowledge and practical tips. Areas where we detect mastery with our polling questions are briefly touched upon and more time and examples are given are to areas of audience identified needs. Prescribing pain medication for Advanced Practice Nurses is dynamic, complex and ever changing
We have also included a special focus (our passion) for pain prescribing in the geriatric population. Beer’s Criteria medications, to be used with caution or avoid completely in geriatrics are mentioned throughout this presentation.
This presentation starts with the audience writing down their biggest fear about pain prescribing. We then categorize these fears, so that throughout our lecture we can give special focus and alleviate fears with practical tips, guidelines and real life examples.
Our objectives are to discuss:
1. Benefits and side effects of common analgesics
2. The impact of patient-related factors on drug selection & dose based on knowledge of patient related changes
3. Medications to avoid, use with caution, explain why
4. Management of pain based on client care goals
We hope you Learn it-Live it-Love it!
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hey why we fall ill... wat is that causes fever.... to kws this in a very simple way please have a look..... next time instead of cursing fever you will thnk your immune system.
Bile
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1. This document provides 14 cases of pediatric chest and musculoskeletal radiology examples, including normal chest x-rays, pneumonia, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, fractures of the radius, ulna, tibia and more.
2. Each case includes clinical history, imaging findings, and impressions to help teach pattern recognition and diagnosis of common pediatric conditions.
3. Relevant anatomy, imaging features, and eponyms are also discussed to enhance understanding of the cases, such as the C-R-I-T-O-E ossification center mnemonic and different types of osteochondroses.
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Thank you for the informative presentation on antipyretic drugs. Let me know if you need any clarification or have additional questions.
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This document discusses congenital brain anomalies and central nervous system development. It begins with an overview of embryology and types of hindbrain herniations and malformations. It then describes the development of the central nervous system, including neuronal proliferation and migration. Specific posterior fossa malformations are discussed such as Chiari malformations, Dandy-Walker spectrum, rhombencephalosynapsis, and Joubert syndrome. Commissural development disorders and disorders of cortical development including heterotopias and lissencephaly are also reviewed. The document concludes with a discussion of anomalies of ventral prosencephalon development including holoprosencephaly and septo-optic dysplasia.
Mri in white matter diseases
MRI in evaluation of white matter diseases like multiple sclerosis, leukodystrophies, demyelination, dysmyelination, ADEM, leukoencephalopathies, van der knaap disease, ALD, MLD, Krabbes disease, Leighs disease, Vanishing white matter disease, Canavan disease, Alexander disease
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Tubulointerstitial diseases
1. Acute tubular necrosis is characterized by low epithelial lining, single cell necrosis, and casts in tubule lumens. Regenerative changes include nucleomegaly and mitosis. Ethylene glycol poisoning causes tubule swelling and vacuolization with oxalate crystals.
2. Acute interstitial nephritis shows interstitial inflammation with lymphocytes and macrophages invading tubules. Chronic interstitial nephritis displays tubular atrophy, fibrosis and hyaline casts.
3. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis is defined by granulomas that can be non-necrotizing or necrotizing. Causes include drugs, sarcoidosis
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Urinary tract pathology lab
This document contains 77 slides describing various pathologies of the kidney and urinary tract seen on light microscopy, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and gross pathology. The slides include examples of glomerular diseases like membranous glomerulonephritis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, as well as cystic kidney diseases, renal tumors, infections, vascular diseases, and examples of normal anatomy for comparison. Images of histological slides are accompanied by descriptive captions and diagrams to illustrate key features of each pathology.
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Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a cause of nephrotic syndrome characterized by scarring of the glomeruli. It commonly affects children and adults and can lead to end-stage kidney disease. The pathology involves focal and segmental scarring within the glomeruli along with effacement of foot processes. While the exact cause is unknown, it is believed to involve injury to filtering structures in the kidney (podocytes) potentially from circulating permeability factors.
pathology of renal syatem
The kidneys filter waste and excess water from the blood to produce urine. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a severe form of glomerular injury characterized by the rapid loss of kidney function over weeks or months. It is classified based on the type of immune complex deposition, with Type I associated with anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies, Type II associated with immune complexes, and Type III associated with few or no immune deposits but positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. Histologically, RPGN is defined by the presence of crescents, which are areas of parietal epithelial cell proliferation that obliterate the Bowman's space.
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This document discusses the clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of renal diseases. It begins by defining terms related to azotemia and renal failure. It then describes the major clinical syndromes seen in renal disease such as nephritic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, asymptomatic urinary findings, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, acute renal failure and chronic renal failure. It further discusses the causes, presentations and pathophysiology of acute nephritic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome and glomerular injury from both immunological and non-immunological standpoints.
Renal pathology. Lecture 1 acute kidney injury, sufia husain 2020
This document provides an overview of acute kidney injury (AKI). It begins with objectives and outlines of the lecture. It then reviews normal kidney anatomy and function. It defines key terms like azotemia and oliguria. It describes the causes of AKI as pre-renal, renal, or post-renal. Common renal causes include acute tubular injury/necrosis from ischemia or nephrotoxins. Clinical manifestations of AKI include oliguria, fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, and azotemia. Treatment focuses on the underlying cause, fluid management, and dialysis if needed. Histopathology may show acute tubular injury ranging from swelling to necrosis.
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Mutations in the DSTYK gene were identified in patients with congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract. Genotyping and sequencing were used to identify independent mutations in DSTYK. Knockdown experiments in zebrafish demonstrated that reduced expression of DSTYK leads to developmental defects, implicating its role in nephrogenesis. The findings show DSTYK functions as a regulator of cell death and the FGF-induced transcriptional program, and its mutations can cause urinary tract malformations through disruption of signaling pathways involved in kidney development.
Rpgn renal pathology- prof wadie
This document provides an overview of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) for medical students. It defines RPGN as a clinical syndrome characterized by rapid loss of renal function within 3 months. RPGN can be classified into 3 types based on pathogenesis and immunofluorescence patterns. Type I involves anti-GBM antibodies. Type II features immune complex deposition. Type III, also called pauci-immune RPGN, features neutrophil activation in response to ANCA but no immune complex deposition or anti-GBM antibodies. The diagnosis of RPGN relies on renal biopsy identifying crescents on microscopy along with urine and serum analysis.
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32 focal solid renal masses on computed tomography
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Renal pathology. Lecture 1 acute kidney injury, sufia husain 2020
Renal pathology. Lecture 1 acute kidney injury, sufia husain 2020
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Geriatric Special Focus, Pain Management and Analgesic Prescribing for Advanc...
Michelle Peck | Geriatric Nurse Practitioner | Health Care Consultant | Professional Speaker | Nursing Faculty| Legal Nurse Consultant | Mindful Geriatrics
In collaboration with Dr. Linh Nguyen, Supportive Medicine at UTHealth Medical School, we have created this slide deck for Advanced Practice Nurses.
Our mission is to simplify the pharmacologic basics of good pain prescribing. We have not provided very much detail about schedule II controlled substances due to the current limitations on Texas Nurse Practitioner prescribing in primary care.
This lecture is designed to meet our Advanced Practice Nursing audience where they are at and provide tools, knowledge and practical tips. Areas where we detect mastery with our polling questions are briefly touched upon and more time and examples are given are to areas of audience identified needs. Prescribing pain medication for Advanced Practice Nurses is dynamic, complex and ever changing
We have also included a special focus (our passion) for pain prescribing in the geriatric population. Beer’s Criteria medications, to be used with caution or avoid completely in geriatrics are mentioned throughout this presentation.
This presentation starts with the audience writing down their biggest fear about pain prescribing. We then categorize these fears, so that throughout our lecture we can give special focus and alleviate fears with practical tips, guidelines and real life examples.
Our objectives are to discuss:
1. Benefits and side effects of common analgesics
2. The impact of patient-related factors on drug selection & dose based on knowledge of patient related changes
3. Medications to avoid, use with caution, explain why
4. Management of pain based on client care goals
We hope you Learn it-Live it-Love it!
Pineal region masses - radiology
This document summarizes various pathologies that can present as pineal region masses. It describes signs and symptoms such as Parinaud syndrome, hydrocephalus, precocious puberty, and pineal apoplexy. It then discusses tumors of pineal parenchymal origin including pineocytoma, pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation, and pineoblastoma. It also covers germ cell tumors, pineal cysts, astrocytoma, and meningioma that can occur in the pineal region. Imaging findings for each condition are provided with examples.
Cns mocks radiology fcps
This document appears to be a list of various neurological conditions, lesions, and imaging findings discussed in a radiology teaching file. It includes over 50 entries describing different pathologies seen on CT and MRI such as tuberculosis brain abscesses, schizencephaly, meningiomas, gliomas, vascular malformations, demyelinating diseases, infarcts, and more. For each case, it provides a brief description and sometimes example images. The document serves as a reference for various central nervous system conditions and their characteristic neuroimaging appearances.
Acute Cholecystitis DR DILIP S.RAJPAL
Based on the limited information provided, this case is most consistent with acute cholangitis. The classic triad of right upper quadrant pain, jaundice, and fever is seen in about 70% of cases of acute cholangitis. Further workup would be needed to identify the underlying cause, such as gallstones in the common bile duct or a stricture. Treatment would involve antibiotics and consideration of ERCP for drainage or stenting.
Myelination disorders
This document discusses various white matter diseases and disorders that can be seen on MRI. It provides details on the typical imaging appearance and characteristics of several leukodystrophies and other white matter conditions, including metachromatic leukodystrophy, adrenoleukodystrophy, Krabbe disease, vanishing white matter disease, maple syrup urine disease, megaloencephalic leukodystrophy, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, mucopolysaccharidoses, Canavan disease, Alexander disease, Zellweger syndrome, and Leigh disease. Common findings discussed are T1 and T2 signal abnormalities, diffusion restriction, enhancement patterns, and metabolic abnormalities on MR spectroscopy.
Congenital gastrointestinal anomalies
This document discusses various developmental anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract. It classifies anomalies as structural due to embryological maldevelopment, functional due to in utero complications, or both. Examples of structural anomalies include esophageal atresia, tracheo-esophageal fistula, pyloric stenosis, and anorectal atresia. Functional anomalies include meconium plug syndrome and Hirschsprung's disease. The document provides detailed descriptions and diagnostic imaging findings for many common GI anomalies.
Antipyretics
hey why we fall ill... wat is that causes fever.... to kws this in a very simple way please have a look..... next time instead of cursing fever you will thnk your immune system.
Bile
Bile is a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion. It contains bile salts that emulsify and solubilize lipids, allowing for absorption. Bile is stored in the gallbladder and released in response to hormones like cholecystokinin during a meal. Disruptions to bile composition can lead to gallstones or malabsorption issues like steatorrhea.
Acute cholecystitis
The document discusses cholelithiasis (gallstones) and acute cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder). It covers the prevalence and types of gallstones, risk factors, potential complications, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment options. For acute cholecystitis, conservative treatment with antibiotics and fluids is usually attempted first to resolve the inflammation before delayed cholecystectomy once symptoms subside.
Pediatric radiology quizes chest and msk
1. This document provides 14 cases of pediatric chest and musculoskeletal radiology examples, including normal chest x-rays, pneumonia, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, fractures of the radius, ulna, tibia and more.
2. Each case includes clinical history, imaging findings, and impressions to help teach pattern recognition and diagnosis of common pediatric conditions.
3. Relevant anatomy, imaging features, and eponyms are also discussed to enhance understanding of the cases, such as the C-R-I-T-O-E ossification center mnemonic and different types of osteochondroses.
Antipyretic drugs
Thank you for the informative presentation on antipyretic drugs. Let me know if you need any clarification or have additional questions.
congenital brain anomalies
This document discusses congenital brain anomalies and central nervous system development. It begins with an overview of embryology and types of hindbrain herniations and malformations. It then describes the development of the central nervous system, including neuronal proliferation and migration. Specific posterior fossa malformations are discussed such as Chiari malformations, Dandy-Walker spectrum, rhombencephalosynapsis, and Joubert syndrome. Commissural development disorders and disorders of cortical development including heterotopias and lissencephaly are also reviewed. The document concludes with a discussion of anomalies of ventral prosencephalon development including holoprosencephaly and septo-optic dysplasia.
Mri in white matter diseases
MRI in evaluation of white matter diseases like multiple sclerosis, leukodystrophies, demyelination, dysmyelination, ADEM, leukoencephalopathies, van der knaap disease, ALD, MLD, Krabbes disease, Leighs disease, Vanishing white matter disease, Canavan disease, Alexander disease
Painkiller (Analgesics)
Analgesics, also known as painkillers, are drugs designed to relieve pain. There are two main categories of analgesics - non-narcotics like acetaminophen and ibuprofen, and narcotics/opioids which include morphine and codeine. Acetaminophen is effective for mild to moderate pain but patients must be careful not to exceed the daily dosage. Opioids work in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract to provide strong pain relief but can have common side effects like nausea, constipation, and drowsiness as well as less common but more severe reactions. Analgesics suppress pain by blocking enzymes and chemicals that stimulate pain receptors in the body.
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This document discusses acute cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder. It defines the condition and discusses its most common causes and risk factors. The main symptoms are abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Diagnosis involves physical exam findings like Murphy's sign as well as imaging tests and bloodwork. Treatment involves intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and early cholecystectomy if symptoms worsen or complications arise. Both open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy are discussed as surgical treatment options.
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This document summarizes ultrasound findings related to the gallbladder. It begins by describing normal gallbladder anatomy and ultrasound appearance. It then discusses various congenital gallbladder abnormalities that can be seen on ultrasound. Finally, it details gallbladder pathologies that can be identified ultrasonographically such as gallstones, sludge, acute and chronic cholecystitis, polyps and carcinoma. For each finding, it provides ultrasound images and descriptions of characteristic ultrasound features.
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35 narrowing of the colon
This document discusses and provides images of various medical conditions that can cause narrowing of the colon, including:
1. Chronic ulcerative colitis, which causes fibrosis, muscular spasm, and loss of haustral markings in the colon.
2. Benign strictures and ulcerative changes in the colon from chronic ulcerative colitis.
3. Foreshortening and loss of haustra in the colon distal to the hepatic flexure mimicking chronic ulcerative colitis, but representing chronic Crohn's colitis.
9 narrowing of the stomach
This document discusses various pathologies that can cause narrowing of the stomach. It includes 10 figures showing examples of narrowing caused by scirrhous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, metastatic pancreatic carcinoma, peptic ulcer disease, Crohn's disease, tuberculosis, phlegmonous gastritis, corrosive stricture from hydrochloric acid ingestion, radiation therapy, and echinococcal cystic disease compressing the stomach from the liver.
29 separation of small bowel loops
Small bowel loops can become separated from each other due to various conditions that cause thickening of the mesentery or small bowel wall. Crohn's disease commonly leads to marked thickening of the mesentery and lymph nodes, producing a lobulated mass that separates small bowel loops. Carcinoid tumors can cause localized separation of loops through fibrotic tethering of the mucosal folds or through a desmoplastic reaction that kinks and angles the bowel. Other conditions like retractile mesenteritis or paraduodenal hernias can also result in separation of small bowel loops due to inflammatory or mechanical factors.
23 small bowel obstruction
Small bowel obstruction can have various causes as shown in the images, including carcinomas, gallstones, bezoars, intussusceptions, meconium ileus, and ileal atresia. The images demonstrate typical presentations of small bowel obstruction on x-rays as well as specific examples like a jejunal carcinoma causing proximal dilatation, an obstructing gallstone, and a bezoar blocking the small intestine. They also show findings of intussusception, meconium ileus with soap-bubble appearance, and microcolon associated with ileal atresia.
50 liver calcification
This document describes 10 figures showing different types of liver calcification seen on clinical imaging. The figures show examples of calcification from hepatobiliary tuberculosis, hydatid liver cysts, alveolar hydatic disease, pyogenic liver abscess, calcified guinea worm, liver metastases from colon cancer, calcification of the portal vein, pseudocalcification from barium extravasation, hemochromatosis, and calcification from a Thorotrast injection.
50 liver calcification
This document describes 10 figures showing different types of liver calcification seen on clinical imaging. The figures show examples of calcification from hepatobiliary tuberculosis, hydatid liver cysts, alveolar hydatic disease, pyogenic liver abscess, calcified guinea worm, liver metastases from colon cancer, calcification of the portal vein, pseudocalcification from barium extravasation, hemochromatosis, and calcification from a Thorotrast injection.
16 clubbing or destruction of renal calyces
The document discusses different medical conditions that can cause clubbing or destruction of the renal calyces based on clinical imaging findings. These include papillary necrosis seen in sickle cell disease, active tuberculosis destroying the calyces, chronic pyelonephritis causing diffuse rounded clubbing of multiple calyces, and hydronephrosis due to obstruction from a cryptococcus fungus ball at the ureteropelvic junction. Medullary sponge kidney is also mentioned as a cause of caliectasis with medullary calculi throughout both kidneys.
15 filling defects in the gastric remnant
This document discusses various filling defects that can occur in the gastric remnant after surgery. It describes 7 figures showing examples of different defects, including a suture granuloma appearing as a smooth tumor, a bezoar appearing as a mottled mass, gastric stump carcinoma appearing as an irregular narrowing, and recurrent gastric carcinoma appearing as tumor infiltration narrowing the lumen. It also mentions bile reflux gastritis, jejunogastric intussusception appearing as a large sharply defined filling defect, and gastrojejunal mucosal prolapse appearing as a large partially obstructing mass.
63 duodenal diseases on computed tomography
This document discusses and provides images of various diseases and abnormalities that can affect the duodenum as seen on computed tomography (CT) scans. It features 17 figures showing pathologies such as a normal duodenum, diverticulum, duplication, annular pancreas, ruptured duodenum, perforated ulcer, gastric outlet obstruction, gallstone ileus, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, lipoma, villous adenoma, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, adenocarcinoma, paraganglioma, and metastasis from colon cancer. Each figure illustrates a CT scan example of one of these duodenal diseases or conditions.
24 single or multiple filling defects in the
This document discusses various defects that can occur in the urinary bladder as seen on clinical imaging. It includes 10 figures showing examples of different bladder conditions visualized on imaging studies. Some of the conditions shown include bladder calculi, transitional cell carcinoma, benign prostatic hypertrophy, cystitis, emphysematous cystitis, and malacoplakia. Each figure demonstrates the appearance of irregular filling defects or abnormalities of the bladder wall that are characteristic of these various urinary tract diseases and abnormalities.
18 filling defects in the ureter
This document discusses various filling defects that can occur in the ureter as seen on clinical imaging. It includes examples of nonopaque ureteral calculi, blood clots, renal vein thrombosis, transitional cell carcinoma, ureteritis cystica, ureteral tuberculosis, and malacoplakia - each presenting with different characteristic imaging patterns within the ureter. Accompanying images and descriptions help distinguish these conditions based on features like stippling, papillary contours, strictures, dilatations, beading, or thickening of the ureter.
44 cystic dilatation of the bile ducts
This document discusses cystic dilatation of the bile ducts and includes 6 figures showing different imaging findings. Figure 44-1 shows a cholangiogram of a choledochal cyst with dilatation of the common bile duct and intrahepatic ducts. Figure 44-2 shows cholangiographic and upper gastrointestinal imaging findings of a choledochocele, which is a bulbous terminal portion of the common bile duct projecting into the duodenum. Figure 44-3 shows imaging of Caroli's disease, while Figure 44-4 shows congenital hepatic fibrosis. Figures 44-5 and 44-6 demonstrate imaging findings of cholangitis and cholangiohepatitis, respectively.
Biliary strictures
This document reviews various causes of bile duct strictures, including:
1. Benign conditions such as iatrogenic strictures, pancreatitis, gallstones, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and liver transplantation.
2. Malignant conditions like cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and ampullary carcinomas.
3. Miscellaneous rare causes including inflammatory pseudotumors, gallbladder cancer, and metastatic disease involving the bile ducts.
The document provides images from ERCP and MRCP procedures demonstrating examples of strictures from many of these conditions. It aims to help radiologists recognize the imaging appearances of different etiologies of bile duct strictures.
56 renal calcification
This document contains 10 figures showing different types of renal calcification seen on medical imaging. It includes examples of staghorn calculi, nephrocalcinosis due to milk-alkali syndrome, medullary sponge kidney, renal cell carcinoma with calcification, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with ureteral calculi, calcified renal artery aneurysm, renal milk of calcium in a cyst, and a congenital multicystic kidney with peripheral calcification. The figures demonstrate how calcifications appear on x-rays, CT scans, and urograms and can help to differentiate various renal pathologies.
56 renal calcification
This document contains 10 figures showing different types of renal calcification seen on medical imaging. It includes examples of staghorn calculi, nephrocalcinosis due to milk-alkali syndrome, medullary sponge kidney, renal cell carcinoma with calcification, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with ureteral calculi, a calcified renal artery aneurysm, renal "milk of calcium" sediment in a cyst, and a congenital multicystic kidney with peripheral calcification. The figures demonstrate how calcifications appear on plain radiographs, urograms, and angiograms and can help to differentiate various renal pathologies.
36 filling defects in the colon
This document contains descriptions and images of various filling defects that can occur in the colon as seen on medical imaging. Some of the defects described and shown include colonic polyps, colon cancer, lipomas, lymphomas, familial polyposis, inflammatory pseudopolyposis, fecal impaction, endometriosis, intussusception, hemorrhoids, nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, and colonic urticaria. The document serves as an atlas to aid differential diagnosis of filling defects seen on colon imaging.
Radioanatomy of biliary system
This document provides an overview of the radiographic anatomy of the biliary system. It begins by describing the development, parts, and drainage patterns of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary ducts. The cystic duct and its variants are discussed. Imaging appearances on ultrasound, CT, and MRCP are presented. Anatomic variants and congenital anomalies of the gallbladder and biliary tree are reviewed. These include agenesis, duplication, bilobed, wandering, and ectopic gallbladders.
85 magnetic resonance pancreatography
MR pancreatography can detect various pancreatic abnormalities through visualization of the pancreatic ductal system. It identified several findings including:
1) Anatomic variants such as pancreas divisum and annular pancreas.
2) Injuries such as traumatic disruption of the pancreatic duct and pseudocysts.
3) Conditions such as chronic pancreatitis seen through duct dilatation, strictures, and calculi.
4) Tumors, with one example showing a pancreatic head mass causing bile duct and pancreatic duct narrowing.
65 ileocecal diseases on computed tomography
This document contains 16 figures from an atlas showing different diseases that can affect the ileocecal region on computed tomography imaging. The figures demonstrate a variety of pathologies including adenocarcinoma, carcinoid tumor, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, metastasis, lipoma, mucocele, intussusception, appendicitis, diverticulitis, epiploic appendagitis, Crohn's disease, terminal ileitis, typhlitis, and ischemic necrosis of the cecum. Each figure includes a brief description of the imaging findings and relevant clinical information.
65 ileocecal diseases on computed tomography
This document contains 16 figures from an atlas showing different diseases that can affect the ileocecal region on computed tomography imaging. The figures demonstrate a variety of pathologies including adenocarcinoma, carcinoid tumor, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, metastasis, lipoma, mucocele, intussusception, appendicitis, diverticulitis, epiploic appendagitis, Crohn's disease, terminal ileitis, typhlitis, and ischemic necrosis of the cecum. Each figure includes a brief description of the imaging findings and relevant clinical information.
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43 bile duct narrowing or obstruction
- 1. 43Bile Duct Narrowing or Obstruction
- 2. CLINICAL IMAGAGING AN ATLAS OF DIFFERENTIAL DAIGNOSIS EISENBERG DR. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar PGR-FCPS III SIMS/SHL
- 3. • Fig GI 43-1 Cholangiocarcinoma causing severe narrowing of a long segment of the common hepatic duct (arrows).
- 4. • Fig GI 43-2 Klatskin tumor. Sclerosing cholangiocarcinomas arising at the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts (arrow).
- 5. • Fig GI 43-3 Ampullary carcinoma. Abrupt occlusion (arrow) of the distal common bile duct.
- 6. • Fig GI 43-4 Carcinoma of the head of the pancreas. Irregular narrowing of the common bile duct (arrows). The calcifications reflect underlying chronic pancreatitis.
- 7. • Fig GI 43-5 Extrinsic obstruction of the common bile duct (arrow) due to nodal metastases from carcinoma of the colon.
- 8. • Fig GI 43-6 Granular cell tumor. Focal stricture in the distal common hepatic duct (arrow).53
- 9. • Fig GI 43-7 Primary sclerosing cholangitis in a patient with chronic ulcerative colitis.
- 10. • Fig GI 43-8 Cholangiolitic hepatitis. Decreased branching of the intrahepatic ducts with associated diffuse and focal narrowing. The extrahepatic bile ducts are normal.54
- 11. • Fig GI 43-9 Chronic pancreatitis. Note the abrupt transition between the encased pipe stem segment and the dilated suprapancreatic portion of the common bile duct (arrow). Calcification suggestive of chronic pancreatitis can also be seen.
- 12. • Fig GI 43-10 Benign stricture of the common bile duct (arrow) related to previous biliary tract surgery.
- 13. • Fig GI 43-11 Congenital membranous diaphragm (web) of the common bile duct (arrow).