This document discusses open source NFV and the use of open source projects to implement NFV. It notes that NFV requires integrating multiple open source projects, including OpenStack, Open vSwitch, DPDK, OpenDaylight, and others. It emphasizes engaging with upstream projects early and avoiding long-term forks, as maintaining forks of many projects is unsustainable. It also provides examples of using these projects together to implement NFV use cases and virtualized network functions.

1. Open Source NFV:
Upstream Headwaters to Full Deployment
Chris Wright
Chief Technologist
Red Hat, Inc.

2. Software is eating the
world Marc Andreessen

3. Open Source
Software is eating the
world

4. World without Open Source Software
No Amazon
No Google
No eBay
No PayPal
No Yahoo!
No Salesforce
No Linkedin
No Twitter
No Facebook
No Alibaba

5. IT Trend – Infrastructure
CPU
RAM
DISK
B
U
S
NET
SERVE
R
SERVERS
STORAGE
N
E
T
W
O
R
K
DATACENTE
R

6. IT Trend – Development

7. IT Trend – Business
Commoditization Innovation

8. Modern IT
Everybody wants…
Massive Scale
Agile Business
...to operate like large scale web companies

9. Gum sales
declining

10. Transportation
FinanceRetail
IT Infrastructure
Media
Software Disrupts Traditional Business

11. DISRUPT YOURSELF OR BE DISRUPTED

12. Open Source NFV

13. Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)
Network Functions are trapped in function specific HW
Expensive to procure, integrate, deploy and operate
Virtualize Network Functions (VNFs)
Distribute VNFs on COTS-based IaaS – a Cloud
Bring modern data center architecture to Telco network
Steer traffic with SDN
Traffic must traverse chain of functions in well-defined order

14. Why NFV?
Reduce time-to-market for new services
Improve business agility
Compete with over-the-top web-based services
Reduce CAPEX and OPEX costs

15. Virtual Network Function as a Service
Access Router
WAN Optimization
Firewall
CG-NAT
ADCIPS
NG-Firewall
DPI
Monitoring QoS
(ETSI #2)
Network Functions

16. Example: VNFaaS
Requires service chaining support in OpenDaylight, OpenStack
Neutron
Enable Nova instances as nodes in a Neutron service chain
SFC support in OpenDaylight
Performance
DPDK-accelerated Open vSwitch
Reliability
HA instances in Nova

17. Virtualized Mobile Base Station
-Multiple RAN technologies from
multiple vendors to be consolidated
on a single BS to improve utilization
-BS virtualization can share
resources among multiple logical
RAN nodes from different systems.
-C-RAN for efficient resource
utilization among different physical
BSs.
-Baseband Unit (BBU) pool with high
performance servers and real-time
processing for signaling capacity
(ETSI #4)

18. Example: C-RAN/vRAN
Determinism
Real-time patches to KVM
Performance
DPDK accelerated Open vSwitch
Reliability at scale
HA instances in OpenStack Nova
HA OpenStack
Fault management and reporting
IPv6 support – kernel through Nova, Neutron

19. NFV is not just OpenStack

20. NFV is a broad set of Communities
ETSI NFV driving industry trends, documenting
functional requirements
OPNFV integrating open source components,
communicating needs upstream
OpenStack abstraction/integration of virtual
compute, network, storage
libvirt, qemu/KVM, Ceph,
OpenDaylight, Open vSwitch
Underlying infrastructure
management

21. Upstream first
Successful changes should be designed, written and proposed
with upstream
Maintaining significant out-of-tree patches across multiple
projects is unsustainable

22. Upstream First
Requires discipline (small changes, discussed first)
Relationships (your priority might not be their priority)
Many communities – not just OpenStack!

23. Open Source NFV Summary
NFV requires a collection of multiple projects
Use-cases require features which touch many components
Maintaining forks of multiple projects is unsustainable
Multiple service providers and NEPs have similar requirements
Engaging with upstream projects early is required for success

24. Computing
Hardware
Storage
Hardware
Network
Hardware
Hardware resources
Virtualisation Layer
Virtualised
Infrastructure
Manager(s)
VNF
Manager(s)
VNF 2
OSS/BSS
NFVI
VNF 3VNF 1
Virtual
Computing
Virtual
Storage
Virtual
Network
EMS 2 EMS 3EMS 1
Service, VNF and Infrastructure
Description
Or-Vi
Or-Vnfm
Vi-Vnfm
Os-Ma
Se-Ma
Ve-Vnfm
Nf-Vi
Vn-Nf
Vl-Ha
Orchestrator
OpenStack
Linux
KVM OVS + DPDK
OPNFV
OpenDaylight

26. Open vSwitch (OVS)
Multi-layer virtual switch
Configuration managed w/ OVSDB
Flow tables controlled by OpenFlow
Provides connection between VMs on same host
Provides uplink to physical network via host NIC
Data fast path in-kernel
Challenges
kernel networking stack can be bottleneck
64 byte packet processing rates suffer
Microflows vs. megaflows

27. DPDK
Library for userspace packet processing
Directly manages NIC with userspace poll mode driver (PMD)
Drivers for both physical and virtual NICs
Polls driver NIC for packets, NIC DMAs directly to application
buffers
Platform specific optimizations
Hugepages, NUMA and cacheline aware
Batched packet processing
CPU instructions (SSE4, AVX, etc)

28. OVS + DPDK
Intel reports improved packet processing rates

29. NFV Relevant Open Source Projects
Project LOC Change rate Cost
Linux 17,285,731 6000/mo $500M
QEMU 902,252 500/mo $25M
libvirt 566,977 250/mo $15M
OpenDaylight 2,326,260 2000/mo $67M
OpenStack 2,526,686 5000/mo $72M
Open vSwitch 224,121 200/mo $5M
DPDK 1,466,904 200/mo $42M
http://www.openhub.net

30. Putting it all together
OpenStack Compute
KVM
OVS+DPDK
OpenStack Compute
KVM
OVS+DPDK
OpenStack Compute
KVM
OVS+DPDK
OpenDaylight
Controller
OpenStack
Networking
OpenFlow/OVSDB
ML2_ODL

31. OPNFV Bootstrap/Getting Started
with Foreman/Quickstack

32. Quick Overview/Review
Foreman
Jenkins
Khaleesi
Genesis
QuickStack
Build Scheduler
Ansible Test Framework
Host Provisioning
Foreman Initiated Puppet
Host Provisioning
Configures OpenStack with
Puppet

33. Current Deployment
Single POD in Intel lab with donated hardware
Baremetal hosts
Foreman server and hosts running CentOS 7
Admin (management), Public and Private networks
Minimum 2 servers per instance (more with HA)
OpenDaylight integration with OpenStack

34. Topology Overview
Foreman Server
OpenStack
Compute
OpenStack
Network/Control
OpenDaylightAdmin Network
Private Network
Public Network

35. Foreman Overview
ForemanForeman Proxy Puppet Master
DNS
DHCP
TFTP
BMC
Puppet CA
Host Groups
Host DB
IP Management
KickStart Templates
Global Params
Genesis
QuickStack
OpenStack
OpenDaylight

36. Provisioning Work Flow
Put Host into Build Mode with BMC
Reboot
Host PXE Boots using KickStart
Template
Foreman provides host associated OS
install + Puppet
Host Reboots into OS and starts
Puppet
Puppet applies Genesis -> ODL and
Quickstack

37. Foreman/QuickStack – OPNFV Arno Release
OpenStack HA + OpenDaylight achieved
Automatic deployment of OPNFV target system to virtual or
baremetal setups
Bootable Foreman/QuickStack ISO to assist in deployment
Functest Integration in a OPNFV CI environment

38. OPNFV – OpenStack HA + Opendaylight
Only installer to achieve O/S integration with ODL for Arno
All O/S services required for OPNFV run in HA -
https://wiki.opnfv.org/get_started/get_started_system_state
Includes automatically provisioned external network for tenant
access
Uses Ceph clustering backend for Cinder

40. Foreman/QuickStack Automatic Deployment
Uses a simple bash “deploy.sh” script to deploy an entire
OpenStack HA + ODL setup (3 control nodes, x compute nodes)
Minimal parameters needed – only need IPMI, mac address info
of baremetal
Network information and O/S parameters are dynamically
determined at runtime
Deploys to either baremetal or virtual machines

41. Automatic Deployment Process (baremetal)
deploy.sh -base_config my_settings.yml
Vagrantfile + OPNFV settings created for JumpHost
Vagrant up installs Khaleesi + provisions JumpHost
Khaleesi executes and installs Foreman pre-configured
with OPNFV nodes
Khaleesi issues API call to Foreman to rebuild and
provision nodes using QuickStack puppet modules

42. Foreman/QuickStack ISO
To be installed on the JumpHost as it's base OS
Based on CentOS 7
Contains artifacts to be able to deploy after installation

43. CI + Functest Integration
Foreman/QuickStack integrated into OPNFV CI environment
OPNFV CI environment is controlled by Jenkins on Linux
Foundation hardware
Functest team triggers a set of tests to execute after a deploy:
Vping VNF test
ODL Integration test suite
Tempest Smoke Tests
Rally benchmark tests

44. Thank you