1. The nominal resisting moment of reinforced concrete beams with compression steel is calculated as the sum of two parts: the moment due to compression concrete and tensile steel, and the moment due to compression steel and tensile steel.
2. The strain in the compression steel is checked to determine if it has yielded, and then the compression stress is calculated.
3. The analysis procedure involves determining the neutral axis location, checking compression steel yield, and calculating section ductility and design moment strength.
The document summarizes the working stress design method for reinforced concrete structures. It describes the key assumptions of the method, including that concrete and steel obey Hooke's law, strain is proportional to distance from the neutral axis, and tension in concrete is negligible. The transformed section method is also summarized, where the steel area is replaced by an equivalent concrete area while satisfying compatibility of strains and equilibrium of forces. Several examples are provided to demonstrate calculating stresses in concrete and steel for different beam cross-sections under given loads using the working stress design method.
Lec.2 statically determinate structures & statically indeterminate struct...Muthanna Abbu
The student will learn the determination of internal forces in different structures and the
kind of forces distribution due to external & internal effects .He will also learn about the
structures deformation due to these effects .
Lesson 04, shearing force and bending moment 01Msheer Bargaray
1) The document discusses shear forces and bending moments in beams subjected to different load types. It defines types of beams, supports, loads, and sign conventions for shear forces and bending moments.
2) Examples are provided to calculate shear forces and bending moments at different points along beams experiencing simple loading cases such as a uniformly distributed load on a cantilever beam.
3) Methods for determining the shear force and bending moment in an overhanging beam subjected to a uniform load and point load are demonstrated. Diagrams and free body diagrams are used to solve for the reactions and internal forces.
This document discusses the working stress design method for analyzing and designing reinforced concrete beams. It provides equations for determining internal forces, tensile steel ratio, neutral axis depth, and flexural stresses. It also covers topics such as balanced steel ratio, under/over reinforced sections, minimum concrete cover/bar spacing, and designing rectangular and cantilever beams. Doubly reinforced beams are discussed for cases where the cross section dimensions are restricted and the external moment exceeds the section's moment capacity.
The document discusses the analysis and design of reinforced concrete T-beams and L-beams according to the ACI code. It provides equations to determine the effective flange width of T-beams and L-beams. It then describes the analysis procedure which involves checking code requirements, calculating the depth of the concrete compression block, and determining if the neutral axis falls within the flange or web. The analysis considers the moments contributed by the flange and web portions. Design examples are also provided to demonstrate the process.
This document provides an introduction to the analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures. It discusses the American Concrete Institute building code and the strength design method. It describes different types of loads like dead and live loads. It then gives an overview of common reinforced concrete structural systems like flat plate, beam-column frame, and shear wall systems. Finally, it discusses the basic behavior and properties of structural members like beams, columns, slabs, and walls.
The document analyzes and designs reinforced concrete beams using the strength design method. It provides examples of designing a simply supported rectangular beam, a cantilever beam, and an overhanging beam. The solutions include calculating loads, moments, required reinforcement, checking deflection requirements, and verifying the strength of the designed sections.
1. The nominal resisting moment of reinforced concrete beams with compression steel is calculated as the sum of two parts: the moment due to compression concrete and tensile steel, and the moment due to compression steel and tensile steel.
2. The strain in the compression steel is checked to determine if it has yielded, and then the compression stress is calculated.
3. The analysis procedure involves determining the neutral axis location, checking compression steel yield, and calculating section ductility and design moment strength.
The document summarizes the working stress design method for reinforced concrete structures. It describes the key assumptions of the method, including that concrete and steel obey Hooke's law, strain is proportional to distance from the neutral axis, and tension in concrete is negligible. The transformed section method is also summarized, where the steel area is replaced by an equivalent concrete area while satisfying compatibility of strains and equilibrium of forces. Several examples are provided to demonstrate calculating stresses in concrete and steel for different beam cross-sections under given loads using the working stress design method.
Lec.2 statically determinate structures & statically indeterminate struct...Muthanna Abbu
The student will learn the determination of internal forces in different structures and the
kind of forces distribution due to external & internal effects .He will also learn about the
structures deformation due to these effects .
Lesson 04, shearing force and bending moment 01Msheer Bargaray
1) The document discusses shear forces and bending moments in beams subjected to different load types. It defines types of beams, supports, loads, and sign conventions for shear forces and bending moments.
2) Examples are provided to calculate shear forces and bending moments at different points along beams experiencing simple loading cases such as a uniformly distributed load on a cantilever beam.
3) Methods for determining the shear force and bending moment in an overhanging beam subjected to a uniform load and point load are demonstrated. Diagrams and free body diagrams are used to solve for the reactions and internal forces.
This document discusses the working stress design method for analyzing and designing reinforced concrete beams. It provides equations for determining internal forces, tensile steel ratio, neutral axis depth, and flexural stresses. It also covers topics such as balanced steel ratio, under/over reinforced sections, minimum concrete cover/bar spacing, and designing rectangular and cantilever beams. Doubly reinforced beams are discussed for cases where the cross section dimensions are restricted and the external moment exceeds the section's moment capacity.
The document discusses the analysis and design of reinforced concrete T-beams and L-beams according to the ACI code. It provides equations to determine the effective flange width of T-beams and L-beams. It then describes the analysis procedure which involves checking code requirements, calculating the depth of the concrete compression block, and determining if the neutral axis falls within the flange or web. The analysis considers the moments contributed by the flange and web portions. Design examples are also provided to demonstrate the process.
This document provides an introduction to the analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures. It discusses the American Concrete Institute building code and the strength design method. It describes different types of loads like dead and live loads. It then gives an overview of common reinforced concrete structural systems like flat plate, beam-column frame, and shear wall systems. Finally, it discusses the basic behavior and properties of structural members like beams, columns, slabs, and walls.
The document analyzes and designs reinforced concrete beams using the strength design method. It provides examples of designing a simply supported rectangular beam, a cantilever beam, and an overhanging beam. The solutions include calculating loads, moments, required reinforcement, checking deflection requirements, and verifying the strength of the designed sections.
This chapter discusses the analysis and design of beams, which are structural members that support loads applied at different points. Beams can be subjected to concentrated loads or distributed loads. Beams are classified based on their support conditions, with statically determinate beams having three unknowns and statically indeterminate beams having more than three unknowns. Shear and bending moment diagrams are constructed to determine the internal shear and moment forces in the beam resulting from the applied loads. The positive and negative directions of shear and bending moment are defined.
Lec.1 introduction to the theory of structures. types of structures, loads,Muthanna Abbu
This document provides an introduction to structural analysis and the theory of structures. It defines structural analysis as determining the response of a structure to loads through internal forces and deformations. It classifies skeletal structures and describes the different types of internal forces that can develop in structural members. The document also discusses structural loads, equilibrium, and reactions.
The document outlines a 30-week course on the theory of structures for third year building and construction technology engineering students. It aims to teach students to determine internal forces in structures and how forces are distributed due to external and internal effects. Over the course, students will learn about statically determinate and indeterminate structures, internal straining forces like normal force, shear force and bending moment in different beam types, frames and trusses, influence lines, moving loads, approximate analysis methods for indeterminate structures, virtual work methods and slope-deflection and moment distribution analysis techniques.
1) The document provides three examples of determining the moment capacity of reinforced concrete beams using the strength design method. The examples calculate steel ratios, check code requirements, and determine moment capacities.
2) Design examples are also provided, including calculating reinforcement needed to resist a given moment and designing a beam to support specific service loads. Optimal dimensions are selected to maximize steel ratio within code limits.
3) Analysis and design procedures for rectangular reinforced concrete beams are demonstrated, including calculation of steel area, reinforcement ratios, strain checks and moment capacities.
The document discusses the historical background and advantages of the strength design method for reinforced concrete structures. It provides details on how structural safety is assured through factored loads and reduced material strengths. Key aspects of the strength design method covered include derivation of expressions for beam design, minimum and balanced steel ratios, requirements for under-reinforced and over-reinforced beams, and minimum thickness and deflection requirements.
The document discusses materials used in reinforced concrete structures, including concrete, steel reinforcement, and their properties. It provides three key points:
1) Concrete quality is measured by strength and durability, which depend on water-cement ratio, aggregates, and hydration. Workability and economy are also important considerations in mix design.
2) Steel reinforcement commonly used includes deformed bars and welded wire fabric in various grades depending on the yield strength required.
3) The properties of both concrete and steel, such as stress-strain behavior, modulus of elasticity, creep, and shrinkage, influence the design and performance of reinforced concrete structures.
Shear Force And Bending Moment Diagram For FramesAmr Hamed
This document discusses analyzing shear and moment diagrams for frames. It provides procedures for determining reactions, axial forces, shear forces, and moments at member ends. Examples are given of drawing shear and moment diagrams for simple frames with different joint conditions, including pin and roller supports. Diagrams for a three-pin frame example are shown.
This document gives the class notes of Unit 5 shear force and bending moment in beams. Subject: Mechanics of materials.
Syllabus contest is as per VTU, Belagavi, India.
Notes Compiled By: Hareesha N Gowda, Assistant Professor, DSCE, Bengaluru-78.
The document discusses concepts related to shear force and bending moment in beams, including:
- Definitions of bending, beams, planar bending, and types of beams including simple, cantilever, and overhanging beams.
- Calculation sketches simplify beams, loads, and supports for analysis.
- Internal forces in bending include shear force and bending moment. Relations and diagrams relate these to external loads.
- Equations define shear force and bending moment at each beam section. Diagrams illustrate variations along the beam.
Lec.5 earthworks for various engineering projectsMuthanna Abbu
Earthworks in construction of roads, canals, railway tracks and hydraulic structures represent substantial part of the whole work. Therefore, it is very important to estimate the quantities of earthworks as accurate as possible, despite of the complicated process of calculation caused by variation in ground level.
Lec.3 General rules in quantitative survey. Quantity measuring. Rate analysisMuthanna Abbu
Analysis of rates for various types of construction works provides very useful information for effective planning, control, organization and management.
Lec.2 binifits of estamations...Types of EstimationMuthanna Abbu
This document discusses various methods for estimating construction costs, including:
1. Detailed estimates that include all quantities and costs.
2. Approximate estimates that use comparative costs from similar past projects.
3. Quantity surveys that calculate material quantities.
4. It provides examples of estimating costs per unit like cost per pupil for a school.
Estimating is a complex process involving collection of available and pertinent information relating to the scope of a project, expected resource consumption, and future changes in resource costs. This process is required in all stages of the project life-cycle.
The student will learn the manner of design & connecting the different parts in the steel structures . He also learn the transition nature of forces and stresses in steel members .
This chapter discusses the analysis and design of beams, which are structural members that support loads applied at different points. Beams can be subjected to concentrated loads or distributed loads. Beams are classified based on their support conditions, with statically determinate beams having three unknowns and statically indeterminate beams having more than three unknowns. Shear and bending moment diagrams are constructed to determine the internal shear and moment forces in the beam resulting from the applied loads. The positive and negative directions of shear and bending moment are defined.
Lec.1 introduction to the theory of structures. types of structures, loads,Muthanna Abbu
This document provides an introduction to structural analysis and the theory of structures. It defines structural analysis as determining the response of a structure to loads through internal forces and deformations. It classifies skeletal structures and describes the different types of internal forces that can develop in structural members. The document also discusses structural loads, equilibrium, and reactions.
The document outlines a 30-week course on the theory of structures for third year building and construction technology engineering students. It aims to teach students to determine internal forces in structures and how forces are distributed due to external and internal effects. Over the course, students will learn about statically determinate and indeterminate structures, internal straining forces like normal force, shear force and bending moment in different beam types, frames and trusses, influence lines, moving loads, approximate analysis methods for indeterminate structures, virtual work methods and slope-deflection and moment distribution analysis techniques.
1) The document provides three examples of determining the moment capacity of reinforced concrete beams using the strength design method. The examples calculate steel ratios, check code requirements, and determine moment capacities.
2) Design examples are also provided, including calculating reinforcement needed to resist a given moment and designing a beam to support specific service loads. Optimal dimensions are selected to maximize steel ratio within code limits.
3) Analysis and design procedures for rectangular reinforced concrete beams are demonstrated, including calculation of steel area, reinforcement ratios, strain checks and moment capacities.
The document discusses the historical background and advantages of the strength design method for reinforced concrete structures. It provides details on how structural safety is assured through factored loads and reduced material strengths. Key aspects of the strength design method covered include derivation of expressions for beam design, minimum and balanced steel ratios, requirements for under-reinforced and over-reinforced beams, and minimum thickness and deflection requirements.
The document discusses materials used in reinforced concrete structures, including concrete, steel reinforcement, and their properties. It provides three key points:
1) Concrete quality is measured by strength and durability, which depend on water-cement ratio, aggregates, and hydration. Workability and economy are also important considerations in mix design.
2) Steel reinforcement commonly used includes deformed bars and welded wire fabric in various grades depending on the yield strength required.
3) The properties of both concrete and steel, such as stress-strain behavior, modulus of elasticity, creep, and shrinkage, influence the design and performance of reinforced concrete structures.
Shear Force And Bending Moment Diagram For FramesAmr Hamed
This document discusses analyzing shear and moment diagrams for frames. It provides procedures for determining reactions, axial forces, shear forces, and moments at member ends. Examples are given of drawing shear and moment diagrams for simple frames with different joint conditions, including pin and roller supports. Diagrams for a three-pin frame example are shown.
This document gives the class notes of Unit 5 shear force and bending moment in beams. Subject: Mechanics of materials.
Syllabus contest is as per VTU, Belagavi, India.
Notes Compiled By: Hareesha N Gowda, Assistant Professor, DSCE, Bengaluru-78.
The document discusses concepts related to shear force and bending moment in beams, including:
- Definitions of bending, beams, planar bending, and types of beams including simple, cantilever, and overhanging beams.
- Calculation sketches simplify beams, loads, and supports for analysis.
- Internal forces in bending include shear force and bending moment. Relations and diagrams relate these to external loads.
- Equations define shear force and bending moment at each beam section. Diagrams illustrate variations along the beam.
Lec.5 earthworks for various engineering projectsMuthanna Abbu
Earthworks in construction of roads, canals, railway tracks and hydraulic structures represent substantial part of the whole work. Therefore, it is very important to estimate the quantities of earthworks as accurate as possible, despite of the complicated process of calculation caused by variation in ground level.
Lec.3 General rules in quantitative survey. Quantity measuring. Rate analysisMuthanna Abbu
Analysis of rates for various types of construction works provides very useful information for effective planning, control, organization and management.
Lec.2 binifits of estamations...Types of EstimationMuthanna Abbu
This document discusses various methods for estimating construction costs, including:
1. Detailed estimates that include all quantities and costs.
2. Approximate estimates that use comparative costs from similar past projects.
3. Quantity surveys that calculate material quantities.
4. It provides examples of estimating costs per unit like cost per pupil for a school.
Estimating is a complex process involving collection of available and pertinent information relating to the scope of a project, expected resource consumption, and future changes in resource costs. This process is required in all stages of the project life-cycle.
The student will learn the manner of design & connecting the different parts in the steel structures . He also learn the transition nature of forces and stresses in steel members .