This document discusses 35mm film shooting with two perforations (2-perf) per frame rather than the standard four perforations (4-perf). It provides a brief history of 2-perf filmmaking and highlights its renaissance in the 1960s-70s aided by developments in cameras, lenses, film stock and post-production. Examples are given of recent European films that have utilized 2-perf including Of Gods and Men and Braquo. Advantages of 2-perf discussed include reduced film and processing costs, longer recording times per roll of film, and its natural suitability for digital intermediate workflows. Camera systems compatible with 2-perf from Arri and Panavision are also outlined.

1. 35 2 Perf Seminar
Economical or Artistic choice …..
T. Perronnet
EAMER MKG Director

2. Caroline Champetier (AFC President)
Of Gods & Men
Denis Rouden (AFC)
Braquo
Patrick Leplat : Tech & Tech Mkg Mgr Panavision
Marc Shipman-Mueller : Product Mgr for Cameras & Lenses Arri
Thierry Perronnet : EAMER Mkg Director Kodak

3. 35 2 Perf Seminar
A Brief History ….
- Conceptually Known around 1930 but effectively into practice
In 1960
-> mainly from Italy under Techniscope.
- Renaissance for 3 -4 years
- > Digital Intermediate Post Production.
- > Camera Manufacturers development.
- > Progress on lenses
- > Film Stock Improvement.

4. The 35 2 perf renaissance
Death Drums Along the River (1963) Tobruk (1967)
Coast of Skeletons (1964) Arizona Bushwhackers (1968)
Curse of the Mummy's Tomb (1964) Counterpoint (1968)
A Fistful of Dollars (1964) Once Upon a Time in the West (1968)
Robinson Crusoe on Mars (1964) The Secret War of Harry Frigg (1968)
Arizona Raiders (1965) Thunderbird 6 (1968)
Deadwood '76 (1965) The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1970)
Dr. Terror's House of Horrors (1965) Five Bloody Graves (1970)
For a Few Dollars More (1965) Blue Water, White Death (1971)
Pop Gear (1965) Brotherhood of Satan, The (1971)
The IPCRESS File (1965) THX 1138 (1971)
The Appaloosa (1966) Two-Lane Blacktop (1971)
Arizona Colt (1966) Blood of Ghastly Horror (1972)
Beau Geste (1966) American Graffiti (1973)
Deadlier Than the Male (1966) Dead People (1973)
The Ghost and Mr. Chicken (1966) Amici miei (1975)
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966) Death Machines (1976)
Nashville Rebel (1966) The Bees (1978)
Kiss Kiss... Bang Bang (1966) The Beyond (1981)
Thunderbirds Are GO (1966) Titanic (1997) (the underwater scenes)
Gunfight in Abilene (1967)
During the last 2 years : More than 130 Projects shot in Europe !

5. Footer area

6. What is 2-perf?
Aspect Ratios
2.35
(21.87
x
9.15
mm)*
Widescreen
1.85
(16.93
x
9.15
mm)
Standard
Projec6on
1.78
(16.29
x
9.15
mm)
HDTV

7. 324 mm²
140 mm²
86 mm²
+ 63 % + 131 %

8. 312 mm²
146 mm²
83 mm²
+ 76 % + 114 %

9. Comparison of Aspect Ratios 1:2.40 : 2 perf vs 3 perf:
Difference in area: + 30%
2.40 in 3 perf (super 35 / off centre) is 1.3x more (30%) than in
2 perf

10. Footer area

11. 2 perf Today
Op2cal
Printer
Advantages
of
DI
• Faster
/
Real-­‐2me
• Random
access
to
all
scenes
• More
crea2ve
op2ons
Color
correc(on,
image
manipula(on,
effects

12. Digital intermediate
Finer grain films
Natural fit for widescreen projection
- Emulsions with finer grain VISION3
VISION2 25–30 % reduction in grain
VISION3
à extended dynamic range

13. 400 Roll 1000 Roll
2 perf 8 min 34 sec 21 min 26 sec
4 perf 4 min 17 secs 10 min 43 secs
- A feature of 90 minutes can be shot with 50,000 feet instead of 120,000 feet.
- 50% less film processing
- Twice the run time
• longer takes
• fewer magazine changes
• yield fewer short ends
- Savings in the stock cost can be passed on into the Digital Intermediate

14. Other Advantages :
- We use standard lenses to achieve 2.40 ratio.
- 35mm depth of field.
- Camera noise reduced
- Saving of 50% for the production company vs 35mm 4 perf.
- Time saved on the set for camera loading
- Possibility to do longer "plan sequences
- Less short ends for the production company
- Possibility to have access to all 35mm accessories
- During processing, increased reliability during the processing and the
drying phase compared to S16MM
- A good Alternative to the BBC / A. Quest statement for S16mm.

15. Footer area

16. Specs:
• 1-50 fps
• 22 dB noise level
• Battery – low consumption - 15 watts
• Quick change of batteries
• Video assist – good resolution
• Possibility to record metadata on USB stick
• Wifi connection with Laptop
• Change from 2 to 3 perf capability
• High brightness display with wide peripheral
vision
Instant loading

17. PANAVISION & 2 PERF.
• Panaflex Light weight II
• 4/36 fps, fix shutter, magnesium Body (- 1kg less).
• Golden G2
• 4/36 fps, Variable shutter (45 °-180°)
• Platinum
• 4/40 fps, variable shutter (4°-200°)
• 2-3-4 perf. in 35 mm

18. • 235
• ARRICAM Lite
• ARRICAM Studio

19. • Widescreen 35 mm Film at a Fraction of the Cost
- half the film stock
- half the film processing
- twice the recording time
• Available for
- ARRICAM Studio (1-60 fps)
- ARRICAM Lite (1-48 fps)
- ARRIFLEX 235 (1-75 fps)
• Price
ARRIFLEX 235 2 Perforation Movement: € 12,600
ARRICAM 2 Perforation Movement: € 31,200
• Availability: now

20. Of Gods & Men
- Director Of Photography : Caroline Champetier (AFC)
- Director : Xavier Beauvois
- Production Company : WHY NOT production
-> Camera : Aaton Penelope 2 Perf
-> Stock : 5207 , 5212, 5218
-> Lab : Éclair
-> workflow : Scan & Shoot 4 K on Arrilaser (double path), Color
Grading : Colorus..
-> Cannes 2010 : Grand prix du jury .
-> Gianni Di Venzano Prize for Cinematography
-> European Award Nominated for the best Cinematography
-> Selected for the Oscars 2011

21. Braquo
- Director Of Photography : Denis Rouden (AFC)
- Director : Olivier Marshall / Fred. Schoendoerffer
- Production Company : CAPA DRAMA / Canal +
-> Camera : Arricam Light + Aaton Penelope 2 Perf
-> Stock : 5207 , 5212, 5218
-> Lab : Éclair / Teletota
-> Workflow : TV process - TC HD On spirit – tape to tape editing

25. • High Definition Integrated Video System for ARRICAM Studio, Lite, 435
• Unprecedented Image Quality
- 1920 x 1080 HD output
- wide dynamic range
- Ground Glass Cancellation (GGC)
• Built-in anamorphic de-squeeze
• Mikael Salomon:
" It was a huge help to have a
good image on the monitor!"
• Price: € 17,000 each
• Availability: now