3. List the parts of the brain that were discussed in class and the basic functions for each part.
Cerebral cortex; 4 lobes frontal parietal temporal occipital
homunculus primary motor cortex primary somatosensory cortex
Basal nuclei Diencephalon; 2 parts
thalamus hypothalamus
Cerebellum
Brainstem: midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
medulla oblongata
Limbic system
Solution
The brain consists of three main parts: 1) the forebrain 2) the midbrain and 3) the hindbrain. The
forebrain is made up of cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus. The midbrain is made up of
tectum and tegmentum. The hindbrain consists of cerebellum, pons and medulla.
In the human brain, the cerebrum is the largest part which is associated with higher brain
function. The cerebral cortex consists of 4 lobes which are:
1) frontal lobe: this is associated with reasoning, movement, parts of speech and emotions.
2) parietal lobe: this is associated with recognition and orientation that is perception of stimuli.
3) occipital lobe: this is associated with the visual process.
4) temporal lobe: this is associated with memory, speech, perception and recognition of auditory
stimuli.
Homunculus primary motor cortex helps the brain to monitor and control the movement of the
body. While primary somatosensory cortex receives information such as pain or pressure relayed
from the spinal cord.
Thalamus is a mass of gray matter which is situated in the forebrain and has sensory and motor
functions. It carries all the sensory information via neurons to the cortex.
Hypothalamus controls the function of homeostasis, thirst, hunger, emotions, autonomic nervous
system and circadian rhythms.
Cerebellum regulates and coordinates the movement, posture and balance.
Brain stem is situated underneath the limbic system and is associated with basic functions such
as heartbeat, breathing, etc. The brain stem consists of midbrain, pons and medulla. The
midbrain controls the function of body movement, vision and hearing. Pons helps in the sensory
analysis and motor control and it is also associated with the movement and posture. Medulla
oblongata helps in maintaining the body functions such as heartbeat and breathing.
Limbic system consists of thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus. Amygdala is
associated with memory, emotion and fear. Hippocampus is involved in learning and memory..
3. List the parts of the brain that were discussed in class and the .pdf
1. 3. List the parts of the brain that were discussed in class and the basic functions for each part.
Cerebral cortex; 4 lobes frontal parietal temporal occipital
homunculus primary motor cortex primary somatosensory cortex
Basal nuclei Diencephalon; 2 parts
thalamus hypothalamus
Cerebellum
Brainstem: midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
medulla oblongata
Limbic system
Solution
The brain consists of three main parts: 1) the forebrain 2) the midbrain and 3) the hindbrain. The
forebrain is made up of cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus. The midbrain is made up of
tectum and tegmentum. The hindbrain consists of cerebellum, pons and medulla.
In the human brain, the cerebrum is the largest part which is associated with higher brain
function. The cerebral cortex consists of 4 lobes which are:
1) frontal lobe: this is associated with reasoning, movement, parts of speech and emotions.
2) parietal lobe: this is associated with recognition and orientation that is perception of stimuli.
3) occipital lobe: this is associated with the visual process.
4) temporal lobe: this is associated with memory, speech, perception and recognition of auditory
stimuli.
Homunculus primary motor cortex helps the brain to monitor and control the movement of the
body. While primary somatosensory cortex receives information such as pain or pressure relayed
from the spinal cord.
Thalamus is a mass of gray matter which is situated in the forebrain and has sensory and motor
functions. It carries all the sensory information via neurons to the cortex.
Hypothalamus controls the function of homeostasis, thirst, hunger, emotions, autonomic nervous
system and circadian rhythms.
Cerebellum regulates and coordinates the movement, posture and balance.
Brain stem is situated underneath the limbic system and is associated with basic functions such
as heartbeat, breathing, etc. The brain stem consists of midbrain, pons and medulla. The
midbrain controls the function of body movement, vision and hearing. Pons helps in the sensory
analysis and motor control and it is also associated with the movement and posture. Medulla
2. oblongata helps in maintaining the body functions such as heartbeat and breathing.
Limbic system consists of thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus. Amygdala is
associated with memory, emotion and fear. Hippocampus is involved in learning and memory.
