The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) and opportunities for IoT solutions in India. It covers key topics like how everything has a state that can be represented as data and transitioned from devices to users via the Internet. It also discusses considerations for designing IoT applications and devices, autonomous services, use cases, business opportunities in India, and factors to consider when building an IoT product or service. The overall message is that IoT presents significant opportunities for India given its large population, agriculture and manufacturing sectors, and there is assistance available for IoT startups.
Internet of Things, Innovation and India by Syam MadanapalliSyam Madanapalli
This document discusses opportunities for Internet of Things (IoT) solutions in India. It begins by defining IoT and explaining key concepts like state, attributes, data transmission between devices. It then outlines various IoT applications like smart cities and healthcare. The document emphasizes that India presents many opportunities for IoT due to factors like its large population and focus on agriculture. It provides considerations for building successful IoT products and business models in India, such as focusing on recurring revenues and the manufacturing sector. The key takeaway is that India is well-positioned to benefit from IoT solutions that empower people and drive economic development.
The document provides an introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT). It discusses the history and growth of IoT, including forecasts of 20-50 billion connected devices by 2020. Key enabling technologies for IoT are described, such as sensors, actuators, embedded systems, connectivity standards, and cloud computing. Example applications of IoT are highlighted in areas like smart cities, homes, cars, and industrial settings. However, security and privacy challenges are also noted as areas that must be addressed for IoT to reach its full potential.
The document discusses the evolution of the internet from static Web 1.0 pages to today's dynamic Web 2.0 and upcoming Web 3.0. It defines the Internet of Things (IoT) as connecting physical objects through sensors and internet connectivity. Examples discussed include connecting devices in homes, cities, healthcare, mining and law enforcement. Challenges of IoT include bandwidth, power consumption, security and data management. Standards organizations are working to address these issues and advance IoT technologies. The future may see an "Internet of Everything" connecting people, processes, data and physical things.
The document discusses a proposed smart electric surveillance system using IoT technology. The system would set a daily electricity threshold on a digital meter connected to a Raspberry Pi. Once usage reaches the threshold, an automatic alert email would be sent to notify the user. This would help users better understand and potentially limit their electricity consumption. Previous proposals described methods to reduce usage, but did not include notifications. The proposed system aims to address this by notifying users when their threshold is reached through an alert email from the Raspberry Pi. It would help users be aware of usage to avoid disputes with electricity providers and save energy.
The evolution of pervasive computing towards a Web of ThingsAndreas Kamilaris
This presentation observes and describes the evolution of pervasive computing towards a global, real-time digital web of physical objects and everyday things. Applications in real life are presented, together with future challenges and projections.
Technical Challenges - How To Design IoT SystemsEmil Kirilov
Short Presentation The Ultimate Algorithm For Creating IoT Hardware Devices. The Algorithm Consists Of 10 Steps:
1. Data & Actions
2. User Interface
3. Security
4. Data Representation
5. Internet Connection
6. Application Logic
7. Power Supply
8. Microcontroller
9. Development Tools
10. Other
This document proposes an e-toll payment system using Azure cloud that automates toll gate payments. The system uses RFID tags attached to vehicles with their registration number embedded. When a vehicle reaches the toll gate, the RFID reader obtains the registration number and sends it to the Azure cloud to check if payment was made using a mobile app. If payment was completed, the cloud responds to open the toll gate. This allows drivers to pay electronically without waiting in queues and avoids using cash. The system aims to reduce congestion and fuel consumption at toll plazas through automated payment verification and toll gate control.
Internet of Things, Innovation and India by Syam MadanapalliSyam Madanapalli
This document discusses opportunities for Internet of Things (IoT) solutions in India. It begins by defining IoT and explaining key concepts like state, attributes, data transmission between devices. It then outlines various IoT applications like smart cities and healthcare. The document emphasizes that India presents many opportunities for IoT due to factors like its large population and focus on agriculture. It provides considerations for building successful IoT products and business models in India, such as focusing on recurring revenues and the manufacturing sector. The key takeaway is that India is well-positioned to benefit from IoT solutions that empower people and drive economic development.
The document provides an introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT). It discusses the history and growth of IoT, including forecasts of 20-50 billion connected devices by 2020. Key enabling technologies for IoT are described, such as sensors, actuators, embedded systems, connectivity standards, and cloud computing. Example applications of IoT are highlighted in areas like smart cities, homes, cars, and industrial settings. However, security and privacy challenges are also noted as areas that must be addressed for IoT to reach its full potential.
The document discusses the evolution of the internet from static Web 1.0 pages to today's dynamic Web 2.0 and upcoming Web 3.0. It defines the Internet of Things (IoT) as connecting physical objects through sensors and internet connectivity. Examples discussed include connecting devices in homes, cities, healthcare, mining and law enforcement. Challenges of IoT include bandwidth, power consumption, security and data management. Standards organizations are working to address these issues and advance IoT technologies. The future may see an "Internet of Everything" connecting people, processes, data and physical things.
The document discusses a proposed smart electric surveillance system using IoT technology. The system would set a daily electricity threshold on a digital meter connected to a Raspberry Pi. Once usage reaches the threshold, an automatic alert email would be sent to notify the user. This would help users better understand and potentially limit their electricity consumption. Previous proposals described methods to reduce usage, but did not include notifications. The proposed system aims to address this by notifying users when their threshold is reached through an alert email from the Raspberry Pi. It would help users be aware of usage to avoid disputes with electricity providers and save energy.
The evolution of pervasive computing towards a Web of ThingsAndreas Kamilaris
This presentation observes and describes the evolution of pervasive computing towards a global, real-time digital web of physical objects and everyday things. Applications in real life are presented, together with future challenges and projections.
Technical Challenges - How To Design IoT SystemsEmil Kirilov
Short Presentation The Ultimate Algorithm For Creating IoT Hardware Devices. The Algorithm Consists Of 10 Steps:
1. Data & Actions
2. User Interface
3. Security
4. Data Representation
5. Internet Connection
6. Application Logic
7. Power Supply
8. Microcontroller
9. Development Tools
10. Other
This document proposes an e-toll payment system using Azure cloud that automates toll gate payments. The system uses RFID tags attached to vehicles with their registration number embedded. When a vehicle reaches the toll gate, the RFID reader obtains the registration number and sends it to the Azure cloud to check if payment was made using a mobile app. If payment was completed, the cloud responds to open the toll gate. This allows drivers to pay electronically without waiting in queues and avoids using cash. The system aims to reduce congestion and fuel consumption at toll plazas through automated payment verification and toll gate control.
Effect of Mixing and Compaction Temperatures on the Indirect Tensile Strength...IRJET Journal
This document proposes an e-toll payment system using Azure cloud that automates toll payments. A mobile app allows users to pay tolls digitally via wallet, credit/debit cards, or banking. Successful payments are recorded on Azure cloud along with the vehicle's RFID tag ID. At toll gates, RFID readers scan tags and check the cloud to see if payment was made. If so, the gate opens, streamlining the toll process and reducing congestion. The system aims to provide a more convenient cashless toll payment alternative compared to existing smart card or queue-based systems.
The document provides an overview of a presentation on the topic of Internet of Things (IoT). It discusses what IoT is, how IoT works, the current status and future prospects of IoT, applications of IoT, and technological challenges of IoT. It outlines the presentation flow and includes sections on teaching schemes, units of the course, definitions of key concepts like IoT and how it works, examples of IoT applications, and the future potential of IoT.
IOT in Electrical & Electronics EngineeringLokesh K N
The evaluation of the IOT in the electrical power industry transformed the way things performed in usual manner. IOT increased the use of wireless technology to connect power industry assets and infrastructure in order to lower the power consumption and cost. The implementation of IoT in power system must rely on the line monitoring and real-time control in all aspects of the grid operating parameters, and the basic characteristics are grid information, communication, and automation.
A Smart Switch to Connect and Disconnect Electrical Devices at Home by using ...IRJET Journal
This document describes a smart switch that can connect and disconnect electrical devices at home using the internet. Specifically, it discusses:
- Developing a smart switch using a GPRS-enabled smartphone that can control household items via an LC2148 microcontroller and KEIL software.
- How internet of things (IoT) technologies allow objects to sense, communicate and interact wirelessly, enabling remote decision making and control of operations.
- The hardware and software components of the smart switch, including the microcontroller, LCD interface, and software used.
The document discusses the Cortex-A11 multicore processor and its components. It describes the processor's architecture including the snoop control unit, accelerator coherence port, generic interrupt controller, advanced bus interface unit, floating point unit, NEON media processing engine, L2 cache controller, program trace macrocell, and memory management unit. The purpose of these components is to provide efficient performance, low power consumption, and scalability for applications such as mobile devices and infotainment systems.
The document presents a summary of domain specific IoT systems by Ms. R. R. Mahalle. It introduces IoT, how IoT works based on M2M communication, and common IoT protocols like MQTT and CoAP. Applications of IoT are discussed for agriculture, smart cities, health, home automation and more. K-nearest neighbors and naive bayes algorithms are described for computing IoT data. The future scope of IoT includes low power sensing, high efficiency connectivity, and reliable communication.
The Current and Future State of Internet of Things: Unveiling the OpportunitiesGoutama Bachtiar
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT), which refers to connecting everyday objects to the internet through wireless technologies and sensors. It provides definitions of IoT from Wikipedia and a 2015 conference. Key enabling technologies that allow IoT to function are described. The document outlines new paradigms of communication between people, things, and between things themselves. Potential applications and benefits of IoT are listed in areas like smart cities, healthcare, agriculture, and more. Challenges to implementing IoT at scale are also discussed.
The Internet of Things, Productivity, and Employment Alex Krause
Presentation by Bob Cohen of the Economic Strategy Institute. Cohen's presentation discusses how technology changes and the internet of things will impact productivity, jobs and employment.
1. The document discusses how the Internet of Things (IoT) will impact productivity, employment, and infrastructure.
2. It notes that IoT will enable operational efficiencies and productivity gains through applications like smart healthcare networks. However, managing billions of connected devices will require highly automated network management.
3. New "cross-skilled" jobs will combine expertise from multiple fields like software development, networking, and data analytics to develop and manage complex IoT systems and infrastructure.
The document discusses how the Internet of Things (IoT) is driving a fundamental shift in the $3 trillion electronics industry from product-based to sensor and data-driven services. It outlines several industry segments that can benefit from an IoT strategy, including medical devices, consumer electronics, network equipment, office products, semiconductors, and power/automation. Representative IoT transformations are presented for each segment, such as asset optimization, intelligent fulfillment, plant performance management, and connected products.
The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It discusses the history and definition of IoT, as well as key enabling technologies like miniaturization, sensors, IPv6, gateways, cloud computing, and wireless connectivity. The document also outlines the typical layers of an IoT architecture including the sensor, gateway/network, management service, and application layers. Challenges of IoT are noted and Philips Hue light is given as an example. Finally, IoT platforms and benefits like improved customer engagement and technical optimization are mentioned.
IRJET - Energy Efficient Approach for Data Aggregation in IoTIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on developing an energy efficient approach for data aggregation in IoT networks. The paper proposes using cache nodes between cluster heads and the base station to reduce energy consumption. It analyzes that the proposed technique of deploying cache nodes performs better than the existing LEACH protocol in terms of packet loss, throughput and energy consumption. The simulation results show that the proposed approach lowers packet loss and energy usage compared to directly transmitting data from cluster heads to the base station.
How many "things" are there in the Internet of Things?Swathi Young
The document discusses the current state of the Internet of Things (IoT). It provides examples of successful IoT implementations, such as Disney's Magicband system and Dubuque, Iowa's water management system. The document advises that the starting point for using IoT in an enterprise is to understand your business case and challenges like connectivity, security, and complexity. The future of IoT is presented as connecting business applications across sectors like manufacturing, healthcare, and more.
This document discusses design aspects of the Internet of Things (IoT). It begins with an introduction that defines IoT as connecting devices over the internet to control things remotely and make life easier. Key points include IoT allowing any thing, place, and time connections. By 2020, it is estimated that 50 billion objects will be connected. The document then discusses technologies used in IoT like RFID, Bluetooth, and WiFi. It also addresses open challenges like interoperability, scalability, and security. The proposed architecture includes network, system, and device levels. Changes to the IPv6 protocol are suggested to address issues with addressing billions of devices. The document concludes by outlining how the proposed approach could benefit IoT applications
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a revolutionary concept that connects everyday objects and devices to the internet, enabling them to communicate, collect, and exchange data. Imagine a world where your refrigerator notifies you when you’re running low on groceries, or streetlights adjust their brightness based on traffic patterns – that’s the power of IoT. In essence, IoT transforms ordinary objects into smart, interconnected devices, creating a network of endless possibilities.
Here is a blog on the role of electrical and electronics engineers in IOT. Let's dig in!!!!
For more such content visit: https://nttftrg.com/
This slide describes smart community data infrastructure, mainly focusing on its technological backgrounds. Advanced Stream Contents Analysis and its applications are explained. ASCA is a key technology for the future smart community infrastructure by providing anywhere feature, transparent add-on, transparent load balancing, and data encapsulation. These keywords are not given in this slide. However, the basic idea is given.
Makers: Shubham Yadav, Aniket Dwivedi, Vedant Babade
presentation on internet of things (IOT) for seminar presentation and school projects.
included future of iot with its different application history and many more things.
This document discusses distributed edge computing for internet-of-things applications. It describes Tata Consultancy Services and their innovation labs. It outlines the need for analytics in IoT applications to sense, extract, analyze, respond, and learn from large amounts of sensor data. Challenges include the high computing requirements and need to distribute load to edge devices. The solution approach discusses using agent-based grid computing with a common framework to distribute jobs to diverse edge devices. Communication optimizations and use of lightweight protocols are needed. A scheduler like CONDOR is useful for job matching and scaling across heterogeneous edge devices.
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT), which refers to the connection of physical objects through the internet. It defines IoT and describes its three main components: things or assets, communication networks, and computing systems. Examples are given of IoT applications in various industries like agriculture, manufacturing, utilities, and smart homes/cities. Challenges of IoT discussed include security issues due to more entry points, the need to transition from IPv4 to IPv6, and developing self-sustaining power sources for devices. The document concludes by mentioning recent news and growth forecasts about IoT and how it can benefit areas like transportation, energy grids, and security.
MODULE 1 :
Software Product and Process
Introduction –FAQs About Software Engineering,
Definition Of Software Engineering,
Difference Between Software Engineering And Computer Science,
Difference Between Software Engineering And System Engineering,
Software Process,
Software Process Models,
The Waterfall Model,
Incremental Process Models,
Evolutionary Process Models
Spiral Development, Prototyping,
Component Based Software Engineering ,
The Unified Process, Attributes Of Good Software,
Key Challenges Facing By Software Engineering,
Verification – Validation,
Computer Based System,
Business Process Engineering,
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Effect of Mixing and Compaction Temperatures on the Indirect Tensile Strength...IRJET Journal
This document proposes an e-toll payment system using Azure cloud that automates toll payments. A mobile app allows users to pay tolls digitally via wallet, credit/debit cards, or banking. Successful payments are recorded on Azure cloud along with the vehicle's RFID tag ID. At toll gates, RFID readers scan tags and check the cloud to see if payment was made. If so, the gate opens, streamlining the toll process and reducing congestion. The system aims to provide a more convenient cashless toll payment alternative compared to existing smart card or queue-based systems.
The document provides an overview of a presentation on the topic of Internet of Things (IoT). It discusses what IoT is, how IoT works, the current status and future prospects of IoT, applications of IoT, and technological challenges of IoT. It outlines the presentation flow and includes sections on teaching schemes, units of the course, definitions of key concepts like IoT and how it works, examples of IoT applications, and the future potential of IoT.
IOT in Electrical & Electronics EngineeringLokesh K N
The evaluation of the IOT in the electrical power industry transformed the way things performed in usual manner. IOT increased the use of wireless technology to connect power industry assets and infrastructure in order to lower the power consumption and cost. The implementation of IoT in power system must rely on the line monitoring and real-time control in all aspects of the grid operating parameters, and the basic characteristics are grid information, communication, and automation.
A Smart Switch to Connect and Disconnect Electrical Devices at Home by using ...IRJET Journal
This document describes a smart switch that can connect and disconnect electrical devices at home using the internet. Specifically, it discusses:
- Developing a smart switch using a GPRS-enabled smartphone that can control household items via an LC2148 microcontroller and KEIL software.
- How internet of things (IoT) technologies allow objects to sense, communicate and interact wirelessly, enabling remote decision making and control of operations.
- The hardware and software components of the smart switch, including the microcontroller, LCD interface, and software used.
The document discusses the Cortex-A11 multicore processor and its components. It describes the processor's architecture including the snoop control unit, accelerator coherence port, generic interrupt controller, advanced bus interface unit, floating point unit, NEON media processing engine, L2 cache controller, program trace macrocell, and memory management unit. The purpose of these components is to provide efficient performance, low power consumption, and scalability for applications such as mobile devices and infotainment systems.
The document presents a summary of domain specific IoT systems by Ms. R. R. Mahalle. It introduces IoT, how IoT works based on M2M communication, and common IoT protocols like MQTT and CoAP. Applications of IoT are discussed for agriculture, smart cities, health, home automation and more. K-nearest neighbors and naive bayes algorithms are described for computing IoT data. The future scope of IoT includes low power sensing, high efficiency connectivity, and reliable communication.
The Current and Future State of Internet of Things: Unveiling the OpportunitiesGoutama Bachtiar
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT), which refers to connecting everyday objects to the internet through wireless technologies and sensors. It provides definitions of IoT from Wikipedia and a 2015 conference. Key enabling technologies that allow IoT to function are described. The document outlines new paradigms of communication between people, things, and between things themselves. Potential applications and benefits of IoT are listed in areas like smart cities, healthcare, agriculture, and more. Challenges to implementing IoT at scale are also discussed.
The Internet of Things, Productivity, and Employment Alex Krause
Presentation by Bob Cohen of the Economic Strategy Institute. Cohen's presentation discusses how technology changes and the internet of things will impact productivity, jobs and employment.
1. The document discusses how the Internet of Things (IoT) will impact productivity, employment, and infrastructure.
2. It notes that IoT will enable operational efficiencies and productivity gains through applications like smart healthcare networks. However, managing billions of connected devices will require highly automated network management.
3. New "cross-skilled" jobs will combine expertise from multiple fields like software development, networking, and data analytics to develop and manage complex IoT systems and infrastructure.
The document discusses how the Internet of Things (IoT) is driving a fundamental shift in the $3 trillion electronics industry from product-based to sensor and data-driven services. It outlines several industry segments that can benefit from an IoT strategy, including medical devices, consumer electronics, network equipment, office products, semiconductors, and power/automation. Representative IoT transformations are presented for each segment, such as asset optimization, intelligent fulfillment, plant performance management, and connected products.
The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It discusses the history and definition of IoT, as well as key enabling technologies like miniaturization, sensors, IPv6, gateways, cloud computing, and wireless connectivity. The document also outlines the typical layers of an IoT architecture including the sensor, gateway/network, management service, and application layers. Challenges of IoT are noted and Philips Hue light is given as an example. Finally, IoT platforms and benefits like improved customer engagement and technical optimization are mentioned.
IRJET - Energy Efficient Approach for Data Aggregation in IoTIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on developing an energy efficient approach for data aggregation in IoT networks. The paper proposes using cache nodes between cluster heads and the base station to reduce energy consumption. It analyzes that the proposed technique of deploying cache nodes performs better than the existing LEACH protocol in terms of packet loss, throughput and energy consumption. The simulation results show that the proposed approach lowers packet loss and energy usage compared to directly transmitting data from cluster heads to the base station.
How many "things" are there in the Internet of Things?Swathi Young
The document discusses the current state of the Internet of Things (IoT). It provides examples of successful IoT implementations, such as Disney's Magicband system and Dubuque, Iowa's water management system. The document advises that the starting point for using IoT in an enterprise is to understand your business case and challenges like connectivity, security, and complexity. The future of IoT is presented as connecting business applications across sectors like manufacturing, healthcare, and more.
This document discusses design aspects of the Internet of Things (IoT). It begins with an introduction that defines IoT as connecting devices over the internet to control things remotely and make life easier. Key points include IoT allowing any thing, place, and time connections. By 2020, it is estimated that 50 billion objects will be connected. The document then discusses technologies used in IoT like RFID, Bluetooth, and WiFi. It also addresses open challenges like interoperability, scalability, and security. The proposed architecture includes network, system, and device levels. Changes to the IPv6 protocol are suggested to address issues with addressing billions of devices. The document concludes by outlining how the proposed approach could benefit IoT applications
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a revolutionary concept that connects everyday objects and devices to the internet, enabling them to communicate, collect, and exchange data. Imagine a world where your refrigerator notifies you when you’re running low on groceries, or streetlights adjust their brightness based on traffic patterns – that’s the power of IoT. In essence, IoT transforms ordinary objects into smart, interconnected devices, creating a network of endless possibilities.
Here is a blog on the role of electrical and electronics engineers in IOT. Let's dig in!!!!
For more such content visit: https://nttftrg.com/
This slide describes smart community data infrastructure, mainly focusing on its technological backgrounds. Advanced Stream Contents Analysis and its applications are explained. ASCA is a key technology for the future smart community infrastructure by providing anywhere feature, transparent add-on, transparent load balancing, and data encapsulation. These keywords are not given in this slide. However, the basic idea is given.
Makers: Shubham Yadav, Aniket Dwivedi, Vedant Babade
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included future of iot with its different application history and many more things.
This document discusses distributed edge computing for internet-of-things applications. It describes Tata Consultancy Services and their innovation labs. It outlines the need for analytics in IoT applications to sense, extract, analyze, respond, and learn from large amounts of sensor data. Challenges include the high computing requirements and need to distribute load to edge devices. The solution approach discusses using agent-based grid computing with a common framework to distribute jobs to diverse edge devices. Communication optimizations and use of lightweight protocols are needed. A scheduler like CONDOR is useful for job matching and scaling across heterogeneous edge devices.
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT), which refers to the connection of physical objects through the internet. It defines IoT and describes its three main components: things or assets, communication networks, and computing systems. Examples are given of IoT applications in various industries like agriculture, manufacturing, utilities, and smart homes/cities. Challenges of IoT discussed include security issues due to more entry points, the need to transition from IPv4 to IPv6, and developing self-sustaining power sources for devices. The document concludes by mentioning recent news and growth forecasts about IoT and how it can benefit areas like transportation, energy grids, and security.
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The Waterfall Model,
Incremental Process Models,
Evolutionary Process Models
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Component Based Software Engineering ,
The Unified Process, Attributes Of Good Software,
Key Challenges Facing By Software Engineering,
Verification – Validation,
Computer Based System,
Business Process Engineering,
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4 IOT 18ISDE712 MODULE 4 IoT Physical Devices and End Point-Aurdino Uno.pdfJayanthi Kannan MK
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IoT Physical Devices and End points and RaspberryPi with Python.
Introduction to RaspberryPi
Arduino UNO,
Arduino UNO: Introduction to Arduino,
Arduino UNO, Installing the Software,
Fundamentals of Arduino Programming.
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RaspberryPi: Introduction to RaspberryPi,
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Operating Systems on RaspberryPi, Configuring.
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Module 4 : Arduino UNO, RaspberryPi with Python
Arduino UNO: Introduction to Arduino,
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RaspberryPi: Introduction to RaspberryPi,
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Module 5 : RaspberryPi Programming using Python and Smart City
RaspberryPi,
•Programming RaspberryPi with Python,
•Wireless Temperature Monitoring System Using Pi,
•DS18B20 Temperature Sensor,
•Connecting Raspberry Pi via SSH,
•Accessing Temperature from DS18B20 sensors,
• Remote access to RaspberryPi.
Smart cities: Smart and Connected Cities,
•An IoT Strategy for Smarter Cities,
•Smart City IoT Architecture,
•Smart City Security Architecture,
•Smart City Use-Case Examples
Internet of Things
Unit – 1. Introduction
1.1 What is IoT,
1.2 Genesis of IoT,
1.3 IoT andDigitization,
1.4 IoT Impact,
1.5 Convergence of IT and IoT,
1.6 IoTChallenges,
1.7 IoT NetworkArchitecture and Design,
1.8 Drivers Behind New Network Architectures,
1.9 Comparing IoTArchitectures,
1.10 A Simplified IoTArchitecture.
Text Books:
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Reference Books:
1. “Internetof Things (A Hands-on-Approach)”,Vijay Madisetti and ArshdeepBahga, 1st Edition, VPT, 2014. ISBN: 978-8173719547.2. “Internetof Things: Architecture and Design Principles”, Raj Kamal, 1st Edition, McGraw Hill Education, 2017, ISBN: 978-935260522
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3 IOT Part 3 IP as the IoT Network Layer Access Technologies.pdf
1. Internet of Things ( Elective -2 )
Unit : 3 IP as the IoT Network
Layer
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan 1
2. Unit : 3 IP as the IoT Network Layer
3.2 Connecting Smart Objects,
3.3 Communications Criteria,
3.4 IoT AccessTechnologies.
3.5 IP as the IoT Network Layer,
3.6 The Business Case for IP,
2
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
3. State and Data
Data, data and data everywhere
3
Defining 'Internet of
Things' for Beginners
Design and Innovating
IoT Applications
Opportunities for IoT
Solutions in India
3
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
4. Expiry Date Heart Rate Name of a Person Current Time
Everything has a State
4
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
5. State is Expressed
with Attributes
State can be expressed
with multiple attributes
Attribute Value
Temperature 24 C
Battery Level 65%
Name Thermostat
Others …
5
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
6. State Machines
Few things expose internal
state using state machines
Sometimes users control the
state
Bulb
6
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
7. The Need for Data and
Control
Location
information
Monitoring of
health parameters
Waste level
detection
Need current
energy tariff
Control lights
and appliances
Access control
for security
Controlling traffic
signals
Parameter setting
for machines
Road conditions for
traction control
7
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
8. Data - Some devices have it; other devices or people want to use it
Data Provider Data Users
Thing
State User 1
Data
User 3
Data
User 2
Data
Existence of State and the Need for Data
8
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
9. How does the User get the Data?
Data Providers Data Users
9
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
11. Internet of Things
Trillion nodes
Sensors, Objects
Internet Fringe
Billion nodes
Computers, mobiles
Internet Core
Million nodes
Routers, Servers
The Internet Evolution
11
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
12. Everything has state
State is represented using attributes
State is transitioned into data from owner to users
Many users will have same data for different purpose
The Internet connects the data users to the owners
It can scale to provide connectivity for trillions of devices
State
Thing
Data
User
Key Take aways
Internet
12
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
13. Internet of Things
The next BIG thing on the Planet Earth!
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Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan
18. Self-organizing and self-healing
network of objects
Exchanging information between
object-to-object and object-to-people
Removes physical barriers and helps in
smart decision-making by harnessing
the data
Internet of Things - the Definition
Internet
Internet as the major
communication medium
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 18
19. Aging Population
Requires better care
Real-time Information
Better decision making
Limited Resources
Requires conservation
Govt. Initiatives
Better citizen services
Innovation
New business models
Safety & Security
Better living standards
Lifestyle
Convenience
Information Generation
Measurements and
tracking
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 19
20. Smart Grid
Smart Cities
Smart
Environment
Safety and
Security
Smart Retail
Smart Logistics
Smart Farming
Industrial
Control
Customer
Service
Smart Homes
eHealthcare
Smart Water
IoT Applications
20
21. 1:N N:1
Time
1:1
IoT is Pervasive Computing!
Server
Computing
Personal
Computing
Pervasive
Computing
21
22. 23
Internet of Things will have direct implications on the physical world
Optim
al
livin
g
Future for the
next generations
Economic
development
Job creation
Improved living
standards
Empowers
people
New business
opportunities
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 22
23. Key Takeaway
More visibility about
the real world
Enables agility and faster
exception handling
Saves environment,
money and even lives
Real-time data
IoT
Better world
23
24. Designing and Innovating IoT Applications
A scalable approach for designing the IoT based applications
24
26. Access Technologies for IoT
Parameter IEEE 802.15.4 WiFi BLE
Frequency Band
868, 915MHz
2.4GHz
2.4, 5.0 GHz 2.4GHz
Topology Start, Mesh Star Star
Range 100m-3Km 250m 100m
Data Rate 250KBps 600Mbps 1Mbps
Power
Battery, Mains,
Hybrid
Mains Battery
Applications Industrial, outdoors
Residential and
office environment
Residential and
personal
Internetworking 6lowpan IPv6 Under development
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 26
27. Low Cost
Physical
Constraints
Lossy Links
Low Power
Low
BoM
Less
Code
Low
Range
Low
Data
Small
Footprint
Self
Healing
Minimal
or no UI
'Things' - Design Considerations
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 27
28. Size of Class 0 Class 1 Class 2
Code <100 KiB ~100 KiB ~250 KiB
Data <10 KiB ~10 KiB ~50 KiB
IP Connectivity Gateway CoAP TCP/IP
Processing One simple Function Multiple Functions Flexible
Power Energy Harvesting, Battery, Rechargeable Battery, Mains Power
'Things' - The Constrained Devices
28
Moore's law will be used for reduction of cost and power requirements
29. Design for sleep
Receiving is expensive
Time is energy - transmit quick
Define the state model
Define a set of services
Size is cost:
Button cell > AAA > AA > Mains
Sensors
Inputs Outputs
Battery
SoC
Designing the Things
29
30. Typical Spec of a device
Frequency Band: 2.4GHz
Data rate: 250 Kbps
Operating voltage 1.8 to 3.6 V
Tx power: 5dBm (3.2mW)
Receiver sensitivity: –98 dBm
Current consumption:
RX - 22 mA, TX - 33 mA, Sleep - <1 µA
Assumptions:
Transaction duration: 3ms
Current consumption, avg: 30mA
No. of measurements: 60 per hour
No. of transactions: 80 per hour
How long a Button Cell would last?
CR2032: ~Typical capacity 225 mAh = 810,000,000 mAms
No. of transactions: 810,000,000 / (30 x 3) = 9,000,000
No. of transactions per day: 80 x 24 = 1,920
Duration of the battery: 9,000,000 / 1,920 = 4,687 days = 12.8 years
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Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.Jayanthi Kannan 30
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan
31. A temperature service
A time service
No bleeding between users or services
Autonomous Services
32
Client behavior need not be defined
Client use case determines the use of a service
Allows innovation in client implementation
Server
Clients
Services
Attributes
Device
User 1 User 2 User 3
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 31
32. Use case 1: Switching AC
ON
Use case 2: Scheduled light
ON/OFF
Use case defines how to use the services exposed by the devices
Light
Service
Client
Time
Service
Temp.
Service
AC
Service
Use Case
33
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 32
33. Autonomous Services - Innovation
34
n Services = (2^n) – 1 possible Use cases
100 Services = 1 267 650 600 228 229 401 496 703 205 375 Use cases
200 Services = more than the number of atoms on the Earth
Autonomous services allow Unlimited Innovation
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 33
34. Building Context
35
Door Closed
Projector ON
Chairs occupied
Table Interactions
Other inputs
Lights OFF
Bed Occupied
No movement
Time
Other inputs
Meeting is in progress
Context
Person is sleeping
Context
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 34
40. India
India - The Land of Opportunity for the Internet of Things!
300M Mobile
Internet Users;
Second to
China
700K
employable
graduates per
year; Twice
that of China
Agriculture
contributes
25% of GDP;
Employment
for 56%
Indians
IT contributes
7% of GDP;
Saturated at
58% of global
market share
GDP is
proportional to
manufacturing;
1.7% GDP from
Electronics
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 40
41. What does IoT mean for India?
Internet of Things
India on Threat
Opportunity
India on Threshold
Be Proactive Be Laggard
Produce IoT Solutions Produce Gandhis
India on Technology
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 41
42. Considerations for Building an IoT Product
43
Collaborate to innovate
Customer Service is
Everything
Focus on traction
building and customer
acquisition
Identify your customer
in the ecosystem
90% Cost savings
10x Better experience
Easy fit into the
ecosystem
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 42
44. IoT Business Model
Sunk money subscriptions
If the customer is not ready for this,
you do not have a business case.
Recurring Revenues
44
45. IoT Markets
eCommerce and Supply Chain
Large Farms and warehouses
Manufacturing
Energy
Transport
Healthcare
Commercial market is
preferred over the
consumer and
government markets
Focus on RoI in 2 to 3 years
45
46. IESA & TiE Assistance for IoT Startups
IoT for India: TiE and IESA Initiative
http://www.iotforindia.org
Assistance for
Design for Manufacturability
Testing & Certification
Interoperability and Standards
46
47. Be Courageous..
“ My message especially to young
peoples is
to
have courage to think differently,courage
to invent, to travel the unexplored path,
courage to discover the impossible and
to conquer the problems and succeed ”.
Dr.A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
(1931 – 2015)
Internet of Things by Dr.M.K.JayanthiKannan 47
48. Key Takeaways
India has lot of
opportunities
Build curve jumping
solutions
Business model for
recurring revenues
Be courageous
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