2. Gerunds
• A gerund is an active verbal noun and declines like bellum:
• There is no nominative form and no plural forms
1st 2nd 3rd 3rd io 4th
para- mone- reg- capi- audi-
parandum monendum regendum capiendum audiendum
preparing warning ruling taking hearing
3. Use of the Gerund
• Expresses purpose in the accusative with ad
ueni ad uobis succurrendum.
• Expresses purpose in the genitive with causa (by reason of, for the
sake of)
ueni uobis succurrendi causa.
• In the dative with words requiring a dative
non satis otii habebo carmina scribendo.
• Expresses cause of means in the ablative
celeriter currendo domum ante noctem adueni.
4. Exercise 27.1 #1-3
1. Horatius artem dicendi Romae didicit.
2. deinde Athenas uenit philosophiae studendi causa.
3. diligenter studendo multa ibi didicit.
5. Exercise Translations
27.1.1: Horatius learned the art of speaking in Rome.
27.1.2: Then he came to Athens for the purpose of studying philosophy.
27.1.3: By studying diligently, he learned many things there.
