23 Introduction to the Lighting Model.ppt
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Types of Light Source Ambient No position in space. Point Source At a point in space. Equal intensity in all directions. Directional Source Source is “at infinity.” Has direction only.
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specular light follows the same angle from the normal, as does the incident light. The rough
reddish surface, however, does not reflect all wavelengths because it absorbs most of the blue
and green components, and reflects the red light. Also, the diffuse light that is reflected from the
rough surface is scattered in all directions.
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mirror image produced by a household mirror that people might use many times a day to view
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roughly categorized into two types of reflection:specular reflection is defined as light reflected
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and green components, and reflects the red light. Also, the diffuse light that is reflected from the
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Perhaps the best example of specular reflection, which we encounter on a daily basis, is the
mirror image produced by a household mirror that people might use many times a day to view
their appearance. The mirror\'s smooth reflective glass surface renders avirtual image of the
observer from the light that is reflected directly back into the eyes. This image is referred to as
\"virtual\" because it does not actually exist (does not produce light) and appears to be behind the
plane of the mirror due to an assumption that the brain naturally makes. The way in which this
occurs is easiest to visualize when looking at the reflection of an object to one side of the
observer, so that the light from the object strikes the mirror at an angle and is reflected at an
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23 Introduction to the Lighting Model.ppt
- 1. An Introduction to the Lighting Model Lecture 23 Wed, Oct 22, 2003
- 2. Types of Light Source Ambient No position in space. Point Source At a point in space. Equal intensity in all directions. Directional Source Source is “at infinity.” Has direction only.
- 3. Calculation of Lighting We will look at the details of how lighting is calculated later. For now, we just want to be familiar with the kinds of lighting and how it relates to a polygonal mesh.
- 4. Ambient Light Ambient light illuminates objects equally in all directions. In real life, ambient light is light that has been reflected off so many surfaces that it is impossible to identify the source.
- 5. Computing Ambient Reflection The ambient reflection depends on The ambient light inherent in the scene. The ambient light given off by the light sources. The ambient property of the surface.
- 6. Point and Directional Sources At each point of a surface, the light has a direction. Point source – direction varies with position on surface. Directional source – direction does not vary with position on surface. With a point source, the intensity may also depend on distance from the source.
- 7. Computing Diffuse Reflection Intensity of reflected light Depends on angle of incidence. Is equal in all directions, i.e., does not depend on the viewing angle. It can be computed more efficiently if the light is directional, since there is one less variable.
- 8. Specular Reflection Intensity of reflected light varies with viewing direction. Maximum intensity is in the direction pointing directly back to the light source.
- 9. Specular Reflection Specular reflection creates the appearance of “shininess.” Surfaces with a high specular reflection appear very shiny. Surfaces with a low specular reflection appear matte.
- 10. Computing Specular Reflection Computing specular reflection is less efficient than computing diffuse reflection, since it depends on the direction to the light source and the direction to the viewer. The calculations can be speeded up if the viewer is “at infinity.”
- 11. Emissive Lighting Emissive lighting is light that emitted by the surface itself. It is used for objects that are meant to glow. It is independent of all light sources and directions.
- 12. Lighting in OpenGL Since the ambient, diffuse, and specular reflections depend on light sources, there is a separate contribution for each light source. Furthermore, there is a separate color component for each type of light. Red, green, blue.
- 13. Finding the Shade of a Surface The total reflection from a point, both color and brightness, is the sum of the ambient, diffuse, and specular reflections and the emissive light. This is a combination of properties that are intrinsic to the surface and properties that are intrinsic to the light source.
- 14. Shading a Mesh To shade a mesh, the program must shade each polygon in the mesh independently. For large meshes (between 1 million and 1 billion polygons), this can consume a significant amount of time. Animations are out the window.
- 15. Example: Lighting a Sphere LightingDemo.cpp