This document discusses women's empowerment through rural employment in Uttar Pradesh, India under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA). Some key points:
- MNREGA aims to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment per year to rural households. It stipulates that 1/3 of workers must be women who receive equal wages.
- The study analyzes women's participation in MNREGA across Indian states and districts of Uttar Pradesh. Kerala had the highest women employment at 92.75% while Uttar Pradesh was lowest at 16.97%.
- Within Uttar Pradesh, Sonbhadra district had the highest women employment
1) The document analyzes the awareness of government schemes among women entrepreneurs in Madurai district, India. It discusses the demographic profile and business characteristics of 150 women entrepreneurs surveyed.
2) Most women entrepreneurs were between 31-40 years old, married, had secondary level education, and ran businesses in urban areas for 6-10 years. The majority relied on own savings or loans for startup capital.
3) Awareness was highest for the Mudra Yojana loan scheme but many schemes remain underutilized. The study suggests improved outreach through education institutions and social organizations to boost women's participation in government programs.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
This document analyzes women's participation in the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) in Manipur, India. It finds that while women's participation in Manipur (40.64%) is higher than the national target of 33%, there are significant differences between districts. Participation is highest in the valley districts of Imphal West (62.60%) and Imphal East (59.94%) and lowest in the hill districts of Chandel (27.54%) and Churachandpur (29.55%). Overall, women accounted for about 41% of NREGS employment in Manipur over the last 5 years, meeting the national target but with room for improvement especially in hill districts. The study
Role Performance and Relationship between the Selected Characteristics of the...inventionjournals
Farm school serve as a mechanism for farmer to farmer extension at every block or tehsil. Role performance of the respondents towards ATMA has shown its prescribed role and their relative success or failure. A study was undertaken to know role performance and relationship between the selected characteristics and role performance towards farm school. The study was conducted in eight farm schools of Sri Ganganager District of Rajasthan with a sample of 160 farmers working on farm school. The findings inferred that majority (68.75%) of the respondents of Farm School fall in the category of moderate performance of role followed by 25.00 and 06.25 per cent of them fall in the poor and good role performance categories respectively. The result clearly indicates that the farmers were highly influenced by the farm school of ATMA project running in their area.
Presented at a one day workshop jointly organized by Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Cornell University, with funding from International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie) titled 'Implementation of MGNREGA in India: A Review of Impacts for Future Learning'.
The main objective of the workshop was take stock of the current scenario of MGNREGA, assess the impacts it has made over the past decade and emerge with knowledge as to the areas under MGNREGA that still need to be studied and can be opened up with more research.
Effectiveness of MNREGA Initiative and its Impact on Women Empowerment in Ala...ijtsrd
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act MNREGA is one of the most progressive legislations enacted in India, since independence. That is a bold and unique experiment in the provision of rural employment in India. The economic development of women leads to better living standards in the family, educational, nutritional, and the health needs of the children were well satisfied. Women empowerment leads to sustainable social development. MNREGA scheme mainly focusing on the rural development and upliftment of the rural people. MNREGA has a great impact on women empowerment and the scheme has enlightened the women’s life. The Act provides they to work within the 5 kilometers of the village and it provides them an opportunity to work within their village and they can also able to look after their children. The main objectives of the study is to identify the initiatives of MNREGA and study its impact on the life of rural women and assessing the level of efficiency of MNREGA’s and to find out the problems in the scheme and provide adequate suggestions to improve them. Alappuzha district of Kerala has been chosen as the area of study, which comprises of three Taluks in revenue divisions namely, Ambalappuzha, Kuttanad and Cherthala. The main purpose of the study is to have a critical view of the impact of MNREGP and its effect on women empowerment. Multi stage Stratified Random Sampling Technique has been adopted for the study. The study concluded that 26.83 per cent of the respondents under the MNREGP in the study area are involved in formation of form pond and 26.66 per cent of the respondent involved in plantation of trees. Sarath Chandran M. C. | Jintu P. G. | Mitra Mani "Effectiveness of MNREGA Initiative and its Impact on Women Empowerment in Alappuzha District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30518.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/30518/effectiveness-of-mnrega-initiative-and-its-impact-on-women-empowerment-in-alappuzha-district/sarath-chandran-m-c
Abstract no.131 power point presentationannesha mech
This document presents an inter-state comparison of the status of women in selected Indian states with a focus on Assam. It analyzes indicators such as literacy rates, school enrollment, health outcomes, political participation, economic empowerment, and crime statistics. The author finds that while women in Assam have made progress, deprivation remains for many. The document also outlines governmental schemes in Assam for women and makes suggestions for further improving women's status, such as promoting education, skill-building, and changing societal attitudes.
This document summarizes a study on the time-space geometries of gendered agricultural lands in the Eastern Gangetic Basin region of India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. The study finds evidence of both feminization and defeminization of agriculture across the region over time. In India, there is a trend of defeminization, with declining female work participation rates, while in Nepal and Bangladesh rates have increased. The causes appear to be complex, involving factors like education, prosperity, sectoral shifts, distress migration, mechanization, and degradation of common property resources. The quality of women's work is also changing, with declining unpaid family work and increasing casual work. Migration trends provide mixed impacts on gender relations in agriculture.
This document discusses women's empowerment through rural employment in Uttar Pradesh, India under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA). Some key points:
- MNREGA aims to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment per year to rural households. It stipulates that 1/3 of workers must be women who receive equal wages.
- The study analyzes women's participation in MNREGA across Indian states and districts of Uttar Pradesh. Kerala had the highest women employment at 92.75% while Uttar Pradesh was lowest at 16.97%.
- Within Uttar Pradesh, Sonbhadra district had the highest women employment
1) The document analyzes the awareness of government schemes among women entrepreneurs in Madurai district, India. It discusses the demographic profile and business characteristics of 150 women entrepreneurs surveyed.
2) Most women entrepreneurs were between 31-40 years old, married, had secondary level education, and ran businesses in urban areas for 6-10 years. The majority relied on own savings or loans for startup capital.
3) Awareness was highest for the Mudra Yojana loan scheme but many schemes remain underutilized. The study suggests improved outreach through education institutions and social organizations to boost women's participation in government programs.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
This document analyzes women's participation in the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) in Manipur, India. It finds that while women's participation in Manipur (40.64%) is higher than the national target of 33%, there are significant differences between districts. Participation is highest in the valley districts of Imphal West (62.60%) and Imphal East (59.94%) and lowest in the hill districts of Chandel (27.54%) and Churachandpur (29.55%). Overall, women accounted for about 41% of NREGS employment in Manipur over the last 5 years, meeting the national target but with room for improvement especially in hill districts. The study
Role Performance and Relationship between the Selected Characteristics of the...inventionjournals
Farm school serve as a mechanism for farmer to farmer extension at every block or tehsil. Role performance of the respondents towards ATMA has shown its prescribed role and their relative success or failure. A study was undertaken to know role performance and relationship between the selected characteristics and role performance towards farm school. The study was conducted in eight farm schools of Sri Ganganager District of Rajasthan with a sample of 160 farmers working on farm school. The findings inferred that majority (68.75%) of the respondents of Farm School fall in the category of moderate performance of role followed by 25.00 and 06.25 per cent of them fall in the poor and good role performance categories respectively. The result clearly indicates that the farmers were highly influenced by the farm school of ATMA project running in their area.
Presented at a one day workshop jointly organized by Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Cornell University, with funding from International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie) titled 'Implementation of MGNREGA in India: A Review of Impacts for Future Learning'.
The main objective of the workshop was take stock of the current scenario of MGNREGA, assess the impacts it has made over the past decade and emerge with knowledge as to the areas under MGNREGA that still need to be studied and can be opened up with more research.
Effectiveness of MNREGA Initiative and its Impact on Women Empowerment in Ala...ijtsrd
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act MNREGA is one of the most progressive legislations enacted in India, since independence. That is a bold and unique experiment in the provision of rural employment in India. The economic development of women leads to better living standards in the family, educational, nutritional, and the health needs of the children were well satisfied. Women empowerment leads to sustainable social development. MNREGA scheme mainly focusing on the rural development and upliftment of the rural people. MNREGA has a great impact on women empowerment and the scheme has enlightened the women’s life. The Act provides they to work within the 5 kilometers of the village and it provides them an opportunity to work within their village and they can also able to look after their children. The main objectives of the study is to identify the initiatives of MNREGA and study its impact on the life of rural women and assessing the level of efficiency of MNREGA’s and to find out the problems in the scheme and provide adequate suggestions to improve them. Alappuzha district of Kerala has been chosen as the area of study, which comprises of three Taluks in revenue divisions namely, Ambalappuzha, Kuttanad and Cherthala. The main purpose of the study is to have a critical view of the impact of MNREGP and its effect on women empowerment. Multi stage Stratified Random Sampling Technique has been adopted for the study. The study concluded that 26.83 per cent of the respondents under the MNREGP in the study area are involved in formation of form pond and 26.66 per cent of the respondent involved in plantation of trees. Sarath Chandran M. C. | Jintu P. G. | Mitra Mani "Effectiveness of MNREGA Initiative and its Impact on Women Empowerment in Alappuzha District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30518.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/30518/effectiveness-of-mnrega-initiative-and-its-impact-on-women-empowerment-in-alappuzha-district/sarath-chandran-m-c
Abstract no.131 power point presentationannesha mech
This document presents an inter-state comparison of the status of women in selected Indian states with a focus on Assam. It analyzes indicators such as literacy rates, school enrollment, health outcomes, political participation, economic empowerment, and crime statistics. The author finds that while women in Assam have made progress, deprivation remains for many. The document also outlines governmental schemes in Assam for women and makes suggestions for further improving women's status, such as promoting education, skill-building, and changing societal attitudes.
This document summarizes a study on the time-space geometries of gendered agricultural lands in the Eastern Gangetic Basin region of India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. The study finds evidence of both feminization and defeminization of agriculture across the region over time. In India, there is a trend of defeminization, with declining female work participation rates, while in Nepal and Bangladesh rates have increased. The causes appear to be complex, involving factors like education, prosperity, sectoral shifts, distress migration, mechanization, and degradation of common property resources. The quality of women's work is also changing, with declining unpaid family work and increasing casual work. Migration trends provide mixed impacts on gender relations in agriculture.
This document provides an analysis of the development context in Lao PDR as it relates to gender and e-services. Some key points:
1) Lao PDR has seen strong economic growth but remains a lower-middle income country with poverty higher in rural areas. Women experience greater time poverty and domestic burdens than men.
2) Female labor force participation is high but work is often unpaid domestic or agricultural labor. Few women hold leadership positions outside of the national government.
3) Access to ICT infrastructure like internet and phones has increased but remains lower for women and in rural areas. The country aims to develop e-services but faces challenges around human resources and infrastructure.
Gender Based Comparison on Participation of Farmers in Agricultural Extension...Premier Publishers
This document analyzes factors affecting female and male farmer participation in agricultural extension activities in Sri Lanka. It finds that for female farmers, marital status, number of dependents, income, expenditures, working hours, and availability of subsidies influence participation. Major constraints for males are lack of time, household responsibilities, and financial problems. The study recommends encouraging wealthy female farmers to participate and educating them on cost management strategies.
Working Women and Their Professional Life in Modern SocietyAnuragSingh1049
India is a traditional country and there is diversity in religions, culture and customs. Role of the women in India mostly is household and limited to domestic issues. In some cases women can find employment as nurses, doctors, teachers the caring and nurturing sectors. But even if well qualified women engineers or managers or geologists are available, preference will be given to a male of equal qualification. The present study investigated to identify the factors preventing women employees from aspiring for higher post and challenges & problems faced by women workers. Further the study try to explain the real condition of Indian working women and also make an effort to clear main problems of working women.
EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OF SMALL ENTERPRISES IN PAPUM PARE DISTRICT OF ARUNACHAL...paperpublications3
This document summarizes a study on the employment situation of small enterprises in Papum Pare District of Arunachal Pradesh. It finds that Papum Pare District accounts for 34.42% of small enterprises in the state. A survey of 30 small enterprises in the district found they employ a total of 771 workers, with an average of 25.7 workers per enterprise. Most workers are male (89.49%), with 35.15% classified as skilled, 21.01% as semi-skilled, and 43.84% as unskilled. The majority (58.50%) of workers are between 30-40 years old. In conclusion, small enterprises make an important contribution to employment in the district.
Dr. Kyawt Sann Lwin presented findings from a study on motivating and retaining midwives (MWs) working in hard to reach areas of Myanmar. The study found that MWs were motivated by feeling that their work was important and appreciated by the community. Key factors for motivation included being able to live with family, serving in their home village, and receiving support from supervisors and the community. While most MWs were satisfied with their work, many intended to transfer or leave within 5 years due to difficulties living apart from family. The study recommends preferential recruitment of MWs from hard to reach areas, incentives for serving there, and decentralizing MW training and deployment.
Impact of shg bank linkage programme on women shgs empowerment with reference...prjpublications
This document summarizes a study on the impact of India's Self Help Group Bank Linkage Program (SBLP) on women's self-help groups (SHGs) and empowerment. Some key findings:
- Between 2007-2012, the number of SHGs with bank savings increased 91.33% to over 79 million SHGs, while loans disbursed grew 151.65% to over $16.5 billion.
- Women-led SHGs dominated the program, comprising over 79% of all SHGs. Savings, loans disbursed, and loans outstanding for women SHGs all increased substantially between 2007-2012.
- The study found SBLP has been largely successful in
The document summarizes the results of a survey comparing transportation expenses for residents in Klang Valley and Malacca. Some key findings from the survey include:
- 86% of Klang Valley residents surveyed own cars, compared to 70% in Malacca.
- 70% of Klang Valley residents without cars intend to buy one in the future, compared to 67% in Malacca.
- For Klang Valley residents without cars, 57% are male and 43% are female, while for Malacca it is 47% male and 53% female.
- The survey involved a total of 50 participants from each region.
The document outlines the vision and strategy for Tamil Nadu's Twelfth Five Year Plan. It discusses the state's strong economic growth during the Tenth Plan but slower growth during the Eleventh Plan. Key priorities for the Twelfth Plan include achieving accelerated, innovative and inclusive growth of 11% annually on average. This will help make Tamil Nadu one of the most prosperous states in India by 2023 and eliminate poverty and regional disparities.
An Empirical Analysis of the Empowerment of Rural Women Through Panchayati Ra...paperpublications3
Abstract: This paper has attempted to investigate the political participation of the rural women and their actual condition in the panchayati raj institutions in the Ujjain district of Madhya Pradesh. The study is based on primary data which has been collected from the Elected Women Representatives of various blocks of Ujjain district(as per 2009-10 panchayat elections) and also to explore, whether the women have been empowered after getting a 50% reservation at the grassroots level. This study has also revealed that after connecting with the panchayat whether the level of women’s social status have increased or not and also analyse the impediments factors faced by the women in the working of panchayat.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of rural labor use in Chau Thanh A
District, Hau Giang Province. The data were collected from 160 households in rural areas. The descriptive
statistics are used to analyze the situation, actual use and effective use of agricultural labor resources
The document provides an overview of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and its impact on food and livelihood security of farmers. It discusses the genesis, objectives, key features and stakeholders of MGNREGA. It also summarizes various studies that have examined MGNREGA's performance at the national and state level, convergence with other programs, and impact on outcomes like rural employment, income, migration, assets, and food security. Case studies on MGNREGA implementation in different states and districts are also reviewed.
Female-ministers-short-of-30-per-cent-minimum-20.5.13-_-The-Malay-MailFaizal Nor Izham
Women's groups in Malaysia were unsatisfied with the number of female ministers appointed in the newly formed cabinet. Of the 59 cabinet positions, there were only two women ministers and five deputy ministers, falling short of the target of 30% women in decision-making roles. Previous cabinets also had low representation of women with only two out of 29 minister positions and eight out of 40 deputy minister positions held by women. The groups argued that having more women in cabinet ensures diversity of issues are not sidelined.
This document provides an education status report for the state of Rajasthan, India. It discusses literacy rates, enrollment statistics, and challenges regarding girls' education. Some key points:
- Rajasthan has a literacy rate of 66%, lower than the national average of 74%. Female literacy is particularly low at 47.76%.
- In 2012-2013, total enrollment was over 6.9 million students for classes 1-8, with girls making up 51.72% of students. However, girls' enrollment has been declining.
- Barriers to girls' education include high dropout rates due to child labor and marriage, as well as cultural beliefs that view girls as burdens rather than investments.
Central Government in India transfers share of its revenue to states as assistance for the many centrally sponsored schemes. There are various formulas developed by different persons or committee to decide how best to distribute this central assistance. In 2012, Government of India tasked the Raghuram Rajan Committee to evolve yet another measure that would look at the need of the states in a more holistic fashion. This index was also called Underdevelopment or Need based Index and formed a component of the formula for central assistance that included a Fixed Share and Performance Based share apart from Need Based Share. Performance was also to be measured in terms of improvement in CDI over a period.
Dr. Jean Dreze and Reetika Khera in 2012 computed Human Development Index for 20 Major Indian states using the then available latest data. HDI that they developed was combined with its variant that addressed the status of Children in the 0-5 years age group specifically. Their findings were published in Economic and Political Weekly.
This paper investigates the a few demographic factors affecting the decline of Total
Fertility Rate. It is based on survey conducted in Kovvada region, Srikakulam district,
Andhra Pradesh. According to GIS information the study area divided into three zones
with 5km, 15km and 30km radius distance from the Nuclear Plant situated in Kovvada
labeled as core zone, Buffer Zone - I and Buffer Zone - II covering 153 villages. Data
were collected from 11297 household through pre designed questionnaire in these zones
and entered CAPI using DESOFT software and analyze. Children ever born and children
surviving data used to estimate age specific rates. Association between education level
and fertility rates have been established by applying chi square. Results revealed that 61
percent women were illiterate and TFR 2.7. The TFR range 2.7 to 3.4 in all three zones
high and there is significant association between fertility and a few demographic factors
like occupation and education level of women. It may be inferred that literacy rate of
female and women age groups are the most imperative components influencing TFR.
Which proved that the existence of some kind of dependency between level of education
and total fertility rate.
This document summarizes a study on the impact of night shift work on the physical and mental health of women working in private hospitals in Mumbai, India. It finds that 71% of respondents accepted night shift work for better pay, and 80% had over 5 years of experience working more than 2 night shifts per week. The study aims to investigate how night shifts affect women's health and job satisfaction by examining their working conditions, lifestyle habits, and reported physical and psychological health issues. Statistical analysis of surveys from 50 female hospital employees found strong correlations between night shift work and negative impacts on lifestyle and health. The study suggests employees working rotating night shifts need special attention due to higher health risks and lower productivity.
This document analyzes the gender gap in voting patterns in Indian states based on socio-demographic factors. It finds that women's voter turnout lags behind men's turnout in most states and elections from 1991 to 2009. Literacy rates and sex ratios are significantly correlated with the percentage of men and women who vote. While government programs have aimed to increase women's participation, factors like education levels and family support still influence gender differences in voting rates. The study is limited by only examining two elections and not considering proxy or postal voting in its analysis.
MGNREGA aims to be gender inclusive by mandating that at least one-third of workers are women. The study analyzes data from the 68th round of India's National Sample Survey to evaluate MGNREGA's gender inclusiveness in practice. The data shows that while women's participation meets or exceeds the one-third target in many states, rationing rates (the proportion unable to find work despite seeking it) vary, with women sometimes facing higher rationing than men. Certain vulnerable groups like female-headed households and widows also have lower demand and participation rates. Overall, MGNREGA has been reasonably gender inclusive, but there is room for improvement and a need for policies tailored to each state's
The document presents a review and analysis of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) program across five Indian states and the country as a whole. It finds that states like Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu have had greater success due to factors like involvement of self-help groups, civil society organizations, and panchayati raj institutions. However, states like Gujarat and Jharkhand have faced challenges with timely wage payments, awareness, and rural institutional capacity. The analysis is based on secondary data from MGNREGA program sources on outcomes such as number of households completing 100 days of work, average person-days of employment, and women
This document outlines key performance indicators for Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) in India. KVKs were established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) to provide knowledge and technology to farmers. The document identifies several areas of assessment for KVKs, including [1] technology validation and promotion of location-specific technologies; [2] capacity building programs for farmers, extension workers, and others; and [3] dissemination of information through various channels. Within each area, specific quantitative and qualitative indicators are proposed to evaluate the performance and impact of KVKs.
NREGA, also known as MGNREGA, provides a legal guarantee for 100 days of employment per year to rural households. It aims to enhance livelihood security for the rural poor by providing wage employment for unskilled manual work. Some key objectives are drought proofing, promoting gender equality and empowering rural women. Implementation involves registration of job card holders, provision of work within 15 days of application, payment of minimum wages, and social audits by gram sabhas. While it has helped generate rural employment and empower women, some ongoing issues include delays in wage payments, capture of benefits by elite groups, and lack of monitoring leading to corruption in some areas.
This document provides an analysis of the development context in Lao PDR as it relates to gender and e-services. Some key points:
1) Lao PDR has seen strong economic growth but remains a lower-middle income country with poverty higher in rural areas. Women experience greater time poverty and domestic burdens than men.
2) Female labor force participation is high but work is often unpaid domestic or agricultural labor. Few women hold leadership positions outside of the national government.
3) Access to ICT infrastructure like internet and phones has increased but remains lower for women and in rural areas. The country aims to develop e-services but faces challenges around human resources and infrastructure.
Gender Based Comparison on Participation of Farmers in Agricultural Extension...Premier Publishers
This document analyzes factors affecting female and male farmer participation in agricultural extension activities in Sri Lanka. It finds that for female farmers, marital status, number of dependents, income, expenditures, working hours, and availability of subsidies influence participation. Major constraints for males are lack of time, household responsibilities, and financial problems. The study recommends encouraging wealthy female farmers to participate and educating them on cost management strategies.
Working Women and Their Professional Life in Modern SocietyAnuragSingh1049
India is a traditional country and there is diversity in religions, culture and customs. Role of the women in India mostly is household and limited to domestic issues. In some cases women can find employment as nurses, doctors, teachers the caring and nurturing sectors. But even if well qualified women engineers or managers or geologists are available, preference will be given to a male of equal qualification. The present study investigated to identify the factors preventing women employees from aspiring for higher post and challenges & problems faced by women workers. Further the study try to explain the real condition of Indian working women and also make an effort to clear main problems of working women.
EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OF SMALL ENTERPRISES IN PAPUM PARE DISTRICT OF ARUNACHAL...paperpublications3
This document summarizes a study on the employment situation of small enterprises in Papum Pare District of Arunachal Pradesh. It finds that Papum Pare District accounts for 34.42% of small enterprises in the state. A survey of 30 small enterprises in the district found they employ a total of 771 workers, with an average of 25.7 workers per enterprise. Most workers are male (89.49%), with 35.15% classified as skilled, 21.01% as semi-skilled, and 43.84% as unskilled. The majority (58.50%) of workers are between 30-40 years old. In conclusion, small enterprises make an important contribution to employment in the district.
Dr. Kyawt Sann Lwin presented findings from a study on motivating and retaining midwives (MWs) working in hard to reach areas of Myanmar. The study found that MWs were motivated by feeling that their work was important and appreciated by the community. Key factors for motivation included being able to live with family, serving in their home village, and receiving support from supervisors and the community. While most MWs were satisfied with their work, many intended to transfer or leave within 5 years due to difficulties living apart from family. The study recommends preferential recruitment of MWs from hard to reach areas, incentives for serving there, and decentralizing MW training and deployment.
Impact of shg bank linkage programme on women shgs empowerment with reference...prjpublications
This document summarizes a study on the impact of India's Self Help Group Bank Linkage Program (SBLP) on women's self-help groups (SHGs) and empowerment. Some key findings:
- Between 2007-2012, the number of SHGs with bank savings increased 91.33% to over 79 million SHGs, while loans disbursed grew 151.65% to over $16.5 billion.
- Women-led SHGs dominated the program, comprising over 79% of all SHGs. Savings, loans disbursed, and loans outstanding for women SHGs all increased substantially between 2007-2012.
- The study found SBLP has been largely successful in
The document summarizes the results of a survey comparing transportation expenses for residents in Klang Valley and Malacca. Some key findings from the survey include:
- 86% of Klang Valley residents surveyed own cars, compared to 70% in Malacca.
- 70% of Klang Valley residents without cars intend to buy one in the future, compared to 67% in Malacca.
- For Klang Valley residents without cars, 57% are male and 43% are female, while for Malacca it is 47% male and 53% female.
- The survey involved a total of 50 participants from each region.
The document outlines the vision and strategy for Tamil Nadu's Twelfth Five Year Plan. It discusses the state's strong economic growth during the Tenth Plan but slower growth during the Eleventh Plan. Key priorities for the Twelfth Plan include achieving accelerated, innovative and inclusive growth of 11% annually on average. This will help make Tamil Nadu one of the most prosperous states in India by 2023 and eliminate poverty and regional disparities.
An Empirical Analysis of the Empowerment of Rural Women Through Panchayati Ra...paperpublications3
Abstract: This paper has attempted to investigate the political participation of the rural women and their actual condition in the panchayati raj institutions in the Ujjain district of Madhya Pradesh. The study is based on primary data which has been collected from the Elected Women Representatives of various blocks of Ujjain district(as per 2009-10 panchayat elections) and also to explore, whether the women have been empowered after getting a 50% reservation at the grassroots level. This study has also revealed that after connecting with the panchayat whether the level of women’s social status have increased or not and also analyse the impediments factors faced by the women in the working of panchayat.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of rural labor use in Chau Thanh A
District, Hau Giang Province. The data were collected from 160 households in rural areas. The descriptive
statistics are used to analyze the situation, actual use and effective use of agricultural labor resources
The document provides an overview of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and its impact on food and livelihood security of farmers. It discusses the genesis, objectives, key features and stakeholders of MGNREGA. It also summarizes various studies that have examined MGNREGA's performance at the national and state level, convergence with other programs, and impact on outcomes like rural employment, income, migration, assets, and food security. Case studies on MGNREGA implementation in different states and districts are also reviewed.
Female-ministers-short-of-30-per-cent-minimum-20.5.13-_-The-Malay-MailFaizal Nor Izham
Women's groups in Malaysia were unsatisfied with the number of female ministers appointed in the newly formed cabinet. Of the 59 cabinet positions, there were only two women ministers and five deputy ministers, falling short of the target of 30% women in decision-making roles. Previous cabinets also had low representation of women with only two out of 29 minister positions and eight out of 40 deputy minister positions held by women. The groups argued that having more women in cabinet ensures diversity of issues are not sidelined.
This document provides an education status report for the state of Rajasthan, India. It discusses literacy rates, enrollment statistics, and challenges regarding girls' education. Some key points:
- Rajasthan has a literacy rate of 66%, lower than the national average of 74%. Female literacy is particularly low at 47.76%.
- In 2012-2013, total enrollment was over 6.9 million students for classes 1-8, with girls making up 51.72% of students. However, girls' enrollment has been declining.
- Barriers to girls' education include high dropout rates due to child labor and marriage, as well as cultural beliefs that view girls as burdens rather than investments.
Central Government in India transfers share of its revenue to states as assistance for the many centrally sponsored schemes. There are various formulas developed by different persons or committee to decide how best to distribute this central assistance. In 2012, Government of India tasked the Raghuram Rajan Committee to evolve yet another measure that would look at the need of the states in a more holistic fashion. This index was also called Underdevelopment or Need based Index and formed a component of the formula for central assistance that included a Fixed Share and Performance Based share apart from Need Based Share. Performance was also to be measured in terms of improvement in CDI over a period.
Dr. Jean Dreze and Reetika Khera in 2012 computed Human Development Index for 20 Major Indian states using the then available latest data. HDI that they developed was combined with its variant that addressed the status of Children in the 0-5 years age group specifically. Their findings were published in Economic and Political Weekly.
This paper investigates the a few demographic factors affecting the decline of Total
Fertility Rate. It is based on survey conducted in Kovvada region, Srikakulam district,
Andhra Pradesh. According to GIS information the study area divided into three zones
with 5km, 15km and 30km radius distance from the Nuclear Plant situated in Kovvada
labeled as core zone, Buffer Zone - I and Buffer Zone - II covering 153 villages. Data
were collected from 11297 household through pre designed questionnaire in these zones
and entered CAPI using DESOFT software and analyze. Children ever born and children
surviving data used to estimate age specific rates. Association between education level
and fertility rates have been established by applying chi square. Results revealed that 61
percent women were illiterate and TFR 2.7. The TFR range 2.7 to 3.4 in all three zones
high and there is significant association between fertility and a few demographic factors
like occupation and education level of women. It may be inferred that literacy rate of
female and women age groups are the most imperative components influencing TFR.
Which proved that the existence of some kind of dependency between level of education
and total fertility rate.
This document summarizes a study on the impact of night shift work on the physical and mental health of women working in private hospitals in Mumbai, India. It finds that 71% of respondents accepted night shift work for better pay, and 80% had over 5 years of experience working more than 2 night shifts per week. The study aims to investigate how night shifts affect women's health and job satisfaction by examining their working conditions, lifestyle habits, and reported physical and psychological health issues. Statistical analysis of surveys from 50 female hospital employees found strong correlations between night shift work and negative impacts on lifestyle and health. The study suggests employees working rotating night shifts need special attention due to higher health risks and lower productivity.
This document analyzes the gender gap in voting patterns in Indian states based on socio-demographic factors. It finds that women's voter turnout lags behind men's turnout in most states and elections from 1991 to 2009. Literacy rates and sex ratios are significantly correlated with the percentage of men and women who vote. While government programs have aimed to increase women's participation, factors like education levels and family support still influence gender differences in voting rates. The study is limited by only examining two elections and not considering proxy or postal voting in its analysis.
MGNREGA aims to be gender inclusive by mandating that at least one-third of workers are women. The study analyzes data from the 68th round of India's National Sample Survey to evaluate MGNREGA's gender inclusiveness in practice. The data shows that while women's participation meets or exceeds the one-third target in many states, rationing rates (the proportion unable to find work despite seeking it) vary, with women sometimes facing higher rationing than men. Certain vulnerable groups like female-headed households and widows also have lower demand and participation rates. Overall, MGNREGA has been reasonably gender inclusive, but there is room for improvement and a need for policies tailored to each state's
The document presents a review and analysis of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) program across five Indian states and the country as a whole. It finds that states like Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu have had greater success due to factors like involvement of self-help groups, civil society organizations, and panchayati raj institutions. However, states like Gujarat and Jharkhand have faced challenges with timely wage payments, awareness, and rural institutional capacity. The analysis is based on secondary data from MGNREGA program sources on outcomes such as number of households completing 100 days of work, average person-days of employment, and women
This document outlines key performance indicators for Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) in India. KVKs were established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) to provide knowledge and technology to farmers. The document identifies several areas of assessment for KVKs, including [1] technology validation and promotion of location-specific technologies; [2] capacity building programs for farmers, extension workers, and others; and [3] dissemination of information through various channels. Within each area, specific quantitative and qualitative indicators are proposed to evaluate the performance and impact of KVKs.
NREGA, also known as MGNREGA, provides a legal guarantee for 100 days of employment per year to rural households. It aims to enhance livelihood security for the rural poor by providing wage employment for unskilled manual work. Some key objectives are drought proofing, promoting gender equality and empowering rural women. Implementation involves registration of job card holders, provision of work within 15 days of application, payment of minimum wages, and social audits by gram sabhas. While it has helped generate rural employment and empower women, some ongoing issues include delays in wage payments, capture of benefits by elite groups, and lack of monitoring leading to corruption in some areas.
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) aims to guarantee at least 100 days of employment per year doing unskilled manual labor for rural households. It provides a social safety net for vulnerable groups and empowers rural poor through rights-based governance. Under MGNREGA, millions of households have been provided employment and billions of person-days of work generated for projects like flood control, irrigation, land development, and drought-proofing. However, some states have failed to properly implement the program due to delays in wage payments, lack of necessary worksite facilities, and improper record keeping. Suggestions to improve MGNREGA include having the central government oversee failing
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is an Indian job guarantee scheme that provides at least 100 days of employment per year doing unskilled manual labor at minimum wage to members of rural households willing to do public work. The Central government allocates 40,000 crore (US$8.8 billion) annually for the program. It aims to achieve rural development and employment generation through activities like water conservation, afforestation, rural connectivity projects, and flood control works.
MGNREGA AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT: A Study of Pannur Village in Chittoor District...Premier Publishers
Women empowerment essentially refers to empowering women to change power relations between them and men in their favour. Public works programmes in India have traditionally offered a unique opportunity for women to earn cash incomes and provide resources particularly to poor women that would enable human capital investment especially for children’s education and nutrition apart from improving women’s bargaining power within the household. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act is no exception. MGNREGA offers 33 percent employment to women, guarantees child care facility at the worksite and provides scope to women to participate in planning and implementation of MGNREGA and in conducting social audit as members of Gram Sabha and of Gram Panchayat. Available research studies have shown that women have participated in MGNREGA on a large scale in most states in India; have received equal wages with men and earned incomes of their own; single women households and female–headed households have particularly benefited by MGNREGA as it provided them minimum incomes and food security; and participating women in general are frequently feeling empowered as they have now some say in decision making. The present study is an attempt to measure the impact of MGNREGA on women empowerment and gender equality and the factors attributed to potential of women empowerment under MGNREGA. The study reveals that MGNREGA can enhance the women empowerment even though the objective of MGNREGA is either women empowerment or gender equality.
The document discusses the need to improve employment opportunities for women in India, particularly in rural areas, through stronger industry-academia linkages and increasing women's participation in sectors like banking, health, education, and police. It notes that unemployment is significantly higher among female diploma holders compared to males, and that empowering women economically could help address poverty and support families.
Role of MGNREGA Scheme in Women Empowerment in India An Analysisijtsrd
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act MGNREGA is a significant social welfare scheme of the Government of India aimed at providing livelihood security to rural households. The scheme has been instrumental in enhancing the economic, social, and political empowerment of women in rural India. This research paper analyzes the role of the MGNREGA scheme in womens empowerment in India. The study employs both qualitative and quantitative research methods to examine the impact of the scheme on womens economic, social, and political empowerment. The findings of the study suggest that the MGNREGA scheme has played a critical role in enhancing womens empowerment in rural India. The scheme has provided women with employment opportunities, improved their economic conditions, and enabled them to participate in decision making processes. The study also highlights some of the challenges and limitations of the MGNREGA scheme in promoting womens empowerment. The findings of the study have important implications for policymakers and development practitioners in designing effective policies and programs to promote gender equality and womens empowerment in India. Dr. Mohammad Rehan "Role of MGNREGA Scheme in Women Empowerment in India: An Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd53886.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/53886/role-of-mgnrega-scheme-in-women-empowerment-in-india-an-analysis/dr-mohammad-rehan
1) The document analyzes the performance of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) program in Andhra Pradesh from 2012-2013 to 2014-2015.
2) It finds that the number of employment days generated, works completed, and average employment per household all declined over this period, particularly sharply in 2014-2015.
3) However, expenditure on agriculture and allied activities increased in 2014-2015, reaching 75.7% of total expenditure, and significant percentages of total employment days were generated for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
This document discusses women's participation in the informal sector in India. It notes that gender gaps in employment, work conditions, and wages produce discrimination against women. Women largely work in the informal sector in developing countries. In India, about 60% of rural males and females belong to the economically active age group of 15-59 years old. Several government schemes provide skills training and development for women in the informal sector, such as the Recognition of Prior Learning program and Community Polytechnics. The Jan Shikshan Sansthan scheme also provides vocational skills training. Data on enrollment in the Jan Shikshan Sansthan scheme from 2015-2016 shows that in all 35 participating states, women's participation was higher than men's participation
This document summarizes a study on the role of women in the education sector in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It finds that women make up a large portion of the teaching workforce and teaching provides important income opportunities for many women. However, women face several challenges including lack of family and workplace support as well as unsuitable environments. The study recommends increasing quotas for women in teaching, raising family awareness, improving working conditions, providing training, and recognizing women's contributions to address these issues. It aims to fill gaps in research on women's role in socioeconomic development through education services.
C.PARAMASIVAN -CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SHGchelliah paramasivan
This document discusses conceptual frameworks of women's empowerment through self-help groups (SHGs). It summarizes various researchers' conceptual frameworks on this topic. Key points discussed include how SHGs have empowered women economically and socially by providing credit, skills training, and leadership opportunities. SHGs are seen as having the potential to revolutionize rural development and women's status in society through increased income, asset accumulation, and changed social outlooks for members.
This document analyzes the socio-economic factors that influence the progress of India's Agriclinics and Agribusiness Centres Scheme (ACABC) in the North-Eastern states. The study found that the majority (65%) of agripreneurs who participated in the survey were qualified agriculture graduates under 30 years old, with no significant differences in social group. Many trainees (27%) were currently employed workers seeking new business ideas. The report recommends improving candidate selection, loan disbursement, training scheduling, and content to better achieve the goal of supporting unemployed agri-graduates.
Despite decades of planned development and poverty eradication programs at the national and state levels, poverty continues to persist in India. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) has been a subject of lively debate, which aims at the ‘right to work’ enhancing the livelihood security of people in rural areas by guaranteeing hundred days of wage-employment in a financial year to a rural household who volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act was approved by the Indian Parliament in September 2005. It was renamed as ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act’ on 2-10-2009. This Act started functioning from 2nd Feb.2006. Initially it was introduced in 200 districts of the country and later extended to all districts in the country. The main aim of this Act is to enhance the purchasing power of rural people. World Development Report 2014 termed it a "stellar example of rural development" and noted economist Amartya Sen also said it is a good Scheme for employment generation in rural areas, but it has to be reformed. This Paper is an attempt to present a review of the “Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act - With Special Reference to Telangana State.
The MGNREGA was initiated with the objective of enhancing livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year, to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work . As well as MGNREGA is to create durable assets such as roads, canals, ponds and wells in different sectors of village economy. Employment is to be provided within 5 km of an applicants residence, and minimum wages are to be paid.. Thus in present study an attempt has been made by the researcher to study the impact of MGNREGA on rural lives in village Mahur, Nanded district, State Maharashtra. Dr. T. M. Gurnule "Role of Mgnrega in Rural Life" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49086.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/development-economics/49086/role-of-mgnrega-in-rural-life/dr-t-m-gurnule
An analytical study on employment and indebtedness of rural households eviden...Marwadi University Rajkot
This document analyzes employment and indebtedness among rural households in Gujarat, India. It provides background on Gujarat's population, economy, and agricultural sector. The study uses government reports to examine patterns of employment, income, and debt for different types of rural labor households from 1999-2000 to 2009-2010. Key findings include a decline in employment and average earnings for rural labor households. While the number of rural households increased slightly from 1999-2000 to 2004-2005, most categories declined from 2004-2005 to 2009-2010, with the exception of other households which increased. The document reviews previous literature on rural labor markets and livelihood patterns.
An Evaluation of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in th...inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is notified on
September, 2005 and implemented all over the country in three phases. The major criticism of MGNREGA is
that it is making agriculture less profitable, landless laborers are lazy to work on farms. The present paper
looks into 1) the employment generated by MGNREGA, 2) categories of person’s secured employment, 3) assets
generated by the programme, 4) expenditure incurred under the programme and 5) the growth in wage rates
and growth in productivity of agriculture. The present study relies on secondary sources for information to
analyze and infer conclusions. The study collects data for the period 2009- 10 to 201-14 from the MGNREGA
website .The present study looks at the problem in a holistic way to arrive at right conclusions. MGNREGA is
important not only to overcome the rural distress but also to improve human resources in rural areas. There is
need to rise aggregate demand, which is possible through rising income levels of the people. The programme
got potential to meet inclusive growth.
This report analyzes employment and inequality in India. It builds on findings from Oxfam India's first India Inequality Report in 2018, which found that India is highly unequal in terms of wealth, income, consumption, and opportunities. The 2018 report noted that government policies have favored capital over labor. Wage growth has remained stagnant at 1% annually while productivity has increased, and the share of profits in manufacturing has risen from 20-30% in the 1980s to over 50% today. The current report examines employment trends and their impacts on inequality in greater depth through analyses of wages, occupations, sectors, and social groups. It aims to provide a comprehensive view of the state of employment in India and how it drives inequality
ANALYSIS OF MGNREGP IN TAMIL NADU (2011-12 TO 2018-19)IAEME Publication
The MGNREGP is an important strategy in the current economic context of global economic crisis and national economic slowdown, where raising aggregate demand is a major task for the government. Fiscal policy that provides more wage income directly to unskilled workers in the rural areas is likely to be much more effective in increasing aggregate incomes than other forms of public spending. Simultaneously, the manual work provided by the act creates sustainable assets that promote the economic and infrastructure development of the village. The main objective of the study is to analyse the various aspects of MGNEGP in Tamil Nadu, like job cards applied and issued, households and persons work demanded and allotted, percentage of caste-wise job cards issued, labour expenditure per household and person, and percentage of labour expenditure to material expenditure.
Mind the Gap - The state of employment in IndiaOxfam India
Oxfam India released its first India Inequality Report in February 2018. This is an input for the global Even It Up! Campaign of Oxfam which is the inequality campaign. The first India Inequality Report 2018 authored by the well-known economist Himanshu, discussed the fundamentals of inequality in India.
Annual report of employment in India by Oxfam IndiaOxfam India
This report has been prepared by Oxfam India. It has benefited from extensive discussions with Amitabh Behar. Professor Jayati Ghosh and Professor Sandip Sarkar provided critical inputs at various stages of the report as peer reviewers which greatly improved the quality of the report.
More info: https://www.oxfamindia.org/sites/default/files/2019-03/Full%20Report%20-%20Low-Res%20Version%20%28Single%20Pages%29.pdf
EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OF SMALL ENTERPRISES IN PAPUM PARE DISTRICT OF ARUNACHAL...paperpublications3
Abstract: Small enterprise is considered to play an important and dominating role in the regional-rural development process. It is a well known fact that food, shelter and employment are the most important basic necessities of the people of rural areas. Small enterprises, through providing largest share of employment especially to the poor and rural population, can help solve their basic problems. The purpose of the present study is to bring in light the small enterprises and its employment generating efficiency in Papum Pare district of Arunachal Pradesh. The paper has been designed in such a way that it shows the employment status of small enterprises in Papum Pare district. The size, category, education level, remuneration, etc. of the workers/employees are taken as key elements for the study. The study is based on both primary as well as secondary data, which has been analyzed with statistical tool for better understanding.
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee (Mgnreg) Scheme For Uplif...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Rural Women Empowerment Through Political Participation and its Social Impact...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a case study on rural women's political participation and empowerment in Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It finds that while women make up over 46% of the district's population, their representation in local politics and decision-making remains low due to lack of education, awareness of rights, social norms, and involvement in household decision-making. The study analyzes data from the 2014-2015 Panchayat elections and finds around 52% of local positions were held by women. However, many acted as proxies for male relatives rather than empowered representatives. Increased education, awareness of rights, addressing social norms, and skills training could help overcome barriers and allow rural women to better contribute their capabilities
The document discusses software risk factors in developing e-governance projects in India. It identifies several risks: unclear project definitions, inaccurate requirements documentation, inefficient design models, inconsistencies in data flow, and language barriers. E-governance projects require huge investments, so risks must be carefully evaluated during feasibility studies. Risks can impact reliability and maintenance efforts. To minimize risks, quality documentation is important throughout the project life cycle, and both technical and non-technical perspectives must be considered.
This document summarizes an Active Congestion Control (ACC) mechanism that uses active networking technology to make feedback congestion control more responsive to network congestion. ACC includes programs in data packets that allow routers to react to congestion without incurring round trip delay. When congestion is detected, the congested router calculates and sends a new congestion control state to endpoints to synchronize distributed states. Simulations show ACC TCP can achieve up to 18% higher throughput than standard TCP under bursty traffic conditions by reacting more quickly to congestion. ACC and TCP perform comparably under stable network conditions.
Effect of Type of School Management and School
Factors on Educational Performance of Primary
School Children in Navi Mumbai: Multiple
Classification Model
Rita Abbi
This document discusses queuing theory and its application to traffic flow modeling. Some key points:
- Queuing theory is the mathematical analysis of waiting lines or queues. It allows prediction of line lengths and waiting times.
- As it relates operations research, queuing theory results are used for business decisions about resource requirements for service provision.
- It is relevant for modeling customer service situations as well as transport and telecom applications. Specifically applicable to traffic systems.
- The document outlines components of a queuing model for traffic, including relationships between traffic flow, density, and speed. Models arrival and service rates to estimate time in the system.
This document discusses the antibacterial effects of Ocimum sanctum (tulsi) against various bacteria. It finds that tulsi has antibacterial activity against E. coli, Salmonella typhi, and Vibrio cholerae. The minimum inhibitory concentration of tulsi against these bacteria was found to be 2mg/ml. There was no change in antibacterial activity of tulsi against E. coli at contact times of 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 5 hours. Tulsi is concluded to have potential as an antibacterial agent.
This document discusses creative learning through visualization and the art of visualization. It discusses:
1) Visualization or spatial intelligence is the ability to mentally visualize and solve spatial problems. Art and design disciplines focus on learner creativity and tend to view knowledge from their own perspectives.
2) Developing creativity has become an important educational goal, and creative pedagogy emphasizes an exciting learning environment to increase student enjoyment and commitment. Students are active participants who determine the pace and content of their learning.
3) Creative potential exists in most people and must be explored and nurtured. Examples of creativity include Steve Jobs creating the iPhone by combining different technologies. Creativity involves expertise, creative thinking skills, and motivation.
This document discusses CLR integration in SQL Server 2008, which allows developers to create database objects using managed code in .NET languages. It provides advantages over T-SQL, including support for object-oriented programming, collections, and access to the .NET framework. The document outlines the steps to implement CLR integration, including creating an assembly in a .NET language, importing and configuring the assembly in the SQL Server database, and creating database objects like triggers, functions, and procedures that reference the managed code. CLR integration allows running complex managed code logic within the database for tasks not easily done in T-SQL.
This document discusses various database programming skills that are useful for efficiently designing and managing databases. It describes how batches allow grouping SQL statements to execute as a single unit. Variables can store temporary values during batch execution. Conditional constructs like IF-ELSE and CASE statements allow branching program flow based on conditions. Loops like WHILE allow repeating statements. Exceptions can be handled using TRY-CATCH blocks or RAISEERROR statements. Good database programming requires understanding and applying these different programming skills and constructs.
The document summarizes a study of the Firozabad bangle industry in India. It discusses that Firozabad is the largest producer of glass bangles in the world. The bangle industry has greatly contributed to the economic development and employment in Firozabad. However, the industry faces several problems including high costs of raw materials like soda ash and natural gas, lack of modern technology, and delays in exporting products. To compete globally, the industry needs to address these issues and improve efficiency through investments in infrastructure, technology, and product innovation.
This document discusses the marketing of toor dall mills in Gulbarga city. It finds that 100% of toor dall mill owners are solely dependent on brokers to sell their production. The mill owners are not willing to take on marketing executives themselves and are completely reliant on brokers. The role of brokers is therefore very significant in the marketing of toor dall.
This document discusses ethics and corporate social responsibility. It begins by defining business ethics and how they relate to a company's socio-economic context and stakeholders. It emphasizes that companies have economic responsibilities to earn returns for investors, but cannot do so at the expense of ethical and social responsibilities to employees, customers, communities, and other stakeholders. The document then examines how companies can identify and address ethical issues, assess global challenges, and design action plans to integrate ethics and social responsibility.
- 63% of dall mill owners in Gulbarga city, India were ready and interested in undergoing training or attending workshops to explore possibilities of multiplying production, turnover and profit of their mills, while 37% were not interested.
- The study aimed to assess the readiness of dall mill owners to undergo training or attend workshops focused on increasing production, revenue, and profits.
- Interviews with 50 dall mill owners found that over half were open to training opportunities, but under half were unwilling or uninterested in such programs.
The document discusses the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) architecture and memory. It covers the following key points:
1. The JVM is the foundation of the Java platform and provides hardware- and operating system-independence for Java programs.
2. The JVM memory is divided into heap spaces like Eden space and survivor space, as well as non-heap spaces like the permanent generation and code cache.
3. Benefits of the JVM include security, cross-platform capability, while drawbacks include slower speed compared to native compilation and lack of platform-specific features.
This document summarizes the Silk Letter Conspiracy movement led by Maulana Mahmudul Hasan and Maulana Obaidullah Sindhi in the early 20th century to overthrow British rule in India. It details how Maulana Mahmudul Hasan planned to train volunteers in India and abroad, seek support from foreign Muslim powers like Afghanistan and Turkey, and launch an armed revolution and military attack on British India. The movement gained momentum during World War 1 but was exposed after some letters written on silk detailing the plans fell into British hands. Both Maulana Mahmudul Hasan and Maulana Obaidullah Sindhi were arrested and exiled as a result.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
22 ijaprr vol1-3-18-24babita
1. IJAPRR Page 18
International Journal of Allied Practice, Research and Review
Website: www.ijaprr.com (ISSN 2350-1294)
A case study of women participation in Mahatma
Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(MGNERGA) in Kashmir
Babita Pandey1, Tanveer Ahmed Wani2
1Unique Institute of Management & Technology, Ghaziabad
2Research Scholar, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula
Abstract - In Kashmir, the Gram Sabhas are not properly functioning because of internal security reasons. Although
the Gram Sabhas have started functioning again after revival of peace in the valley, the women participation in these
institutions is very negligible. Since decisions related to the implementation of NREGA works are supposed to take
place in gram sabhas, it is significant that most women should take part in gram sabha elections for that there is an
immediate need of internal security and social protection for them.
There are various factors which encourage the women worker’s participation under this scheme include
nature of work, which do not need skilled worker, the limited hours of work, availability of work locally, reduction of
migration of male member, substantial jump in the wage rate etc. Participation of women in MGNREGA is very low
in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
KEYWORDS: MGNERGA; Wages; Employment
.
I. Introduction
The basic aim of MGNREGA was to generate as much as possible labour days both in lean
and non-lean seasons so that the seasonal impact on the earning could be minimized. But this
provision was also amended by a notification on Nov11, 2009 giving room to material intensive
projects by the consequence of this the labour days will get decreased and also gave a room & eroded
the powers granted to Panchayats under the Act and allowed material contractors to get a foot in the
door and also opened the door of corruption.
Living in the current inflationary situation to meet both ends meet has become so difficult
even for most of the middle class individuals. So by fixing wages are comparatively lower than the
prevailing market rates is also loophole of the Act. MGNREGA which gives 100 days of guaranteed
employment is not only violating the Minimum Wages Act came up with a notification issued on
Jan1,2009 has bought out the unbridled discretationary powers conferred on the Center by Sec6(1) of
the act to fix wages lower than minimum wages. As per available data available from the primary data
collected and also from the Ministry of Employment Labour, Government of India in Jammu and
Kashmir State notified minimum wages are Rs110 (100 +10) in which 100 stands for the minimum
wages and 10 is state contribution for MGNREGA workers, but if we look on political stability and
2. IJAPRR Page 19
geographical condition still a worker has to confine with hundred ten rupees wage. It is unjustified
when other persons can earn more than doing unorganized/ agricultural labour then why to turn out to
MGNREGA.
II. Review of Literature
After independence various studies have been done on various rural development programmes in
India. Jandu (2008) carried out a research in four states namely Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa
and Tamil Nadu. Survey data shows that women workers are more confident about their roles as
contributors to family expenditure and their work decisions and it gives them space in public sphere.
Ramesh & Kumar (2009) in their study also found that MGNREGA holds the powerful prospect of
bringing major changes in the lives of women. MGNREGA is playing a substantial role in
empowering women economically and laying the basis for greater independence and self-esteem. It
has become a beacon of light in the empowerment of the rural women, and contributed substantially
for the increased living and economic conditions. Pankaj & Tankha (2010) examines the
empowerment effects of MGNREGA through field survey in Bihar, Jharkhand, Rajasthan and
Himachal Pradesh. The study shows that a woman worker’s earnings from MGNREGA constituted 14
percent of the total annual income of the household on average across the four sample districts in
2008-09. This study also shows an increased participation of women in gram sabha meetings. Panda
& Umdor (2011) conducted a field study on the impact of MGNREGA in Assam. In their sample
villages, namely Barpeta, Jorhat, Karimganj, Morigaon and Tinsukia they found that on an average
only 42 percent said that MGNREGA had helped to uplift women. . There has been no change in the
status of women in four sample districts except Tinsukia.
III. Objectives of the study
The present research aims to assess the impact analysis of MGNREGA on Jammu and Kashmir
state, with the following objectives:
1. To assess the extent of additional employment generation through MGNREGA to the rural
poor.
2. To examine the impact of MGNREGA on the rural upliftment in the study area.
3. To make suggestions for strengthening the implementation strategy of MGNREGA.
IV. Methodology
The study is based on primary data. The study is based on purposive sampling technique. The
primary data’s are collected through structured questionnaire, 100 beneficiaries form the total sample
of the study. Simple statistical tools have been used to analyze the data.
V. Analysis
The socio-economic condition of the women’s in the study area is shown in table in 1 and 2.
Table: 1:-Percentage of women person-days from FY 2006-07 to FY 2011-2012
4. IJAPRR Page 21
Table: 2-: Percentage of women’s participation in Kashmir region in year 2006-07 to 2011-12.
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012
All india % of women person-days from year 2006-07 to 2011-12
All India
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
% of women person-days from 2009-10 to 2011-12
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
5. IJAPRR Page 22
Year
Total persons No. of Women’s % of Women’s
2006-2007 1229690 49187 4
2007-2008 1622560 16226 1
2008-2009 2116430 126986 6
2009-2010 2938056 205664 7
2010-2011 4916867 344180 7
2011-2012 20910314 3763856 18
Table: 3:-Difference in Male-Female wages rates in MGNREGA across Jammu And Kashmir
Year Male Female MGNERGA
2007-2008 80 55 90
2008-2009 110 80 100
2009-2010 125 90 100
2010-2011 150 100 100
2011-2012 175 120 120
2012-2013 180 140 120
0
5000000
10000000
15000000
20000000
25000000
women person -days % in kashmir
Region
Total persons
No. of Women’s
% of Women’s
6. IJAPRR Page 23
VI. Conclusion
Based on the analysis of the primary data it can be concluded thatRole of women’s
in MGNREGA is still in a distant dream of achieving(33% reservation) for what it was
meant i.e every hand have equal chance for working and there is no difference in wages for
each person(male/female)with special reference to that of Kashmir have the lowest % of
women’s participation .
VII. Suggestions
1. The policy should not be homogeneous for the whole nation, but we have to apply a
promotional scheme for women’s participation, women’s education for their wages.
2. In every block level their needs a women’s cell for their medical ,and prevent for
corruption in women’s right.
VIII. References
1. Lawrence R.Walter, the valley of Kashmir, oxford university press warehouse 1895
2. Socio economic profile of Jammu & Kashmir 2008, Directorate of Economics & Statistics,
J&K Government
0
50
100
150
200WagesinRs.
Difference in male-female wages
rates in Jammu and Kashmir
Male
Female
MGNERGA
7. IJAPRR Page 24
3. Khan Amir ullah /MR Saluja(2006), Impact of the NREGA on Rural livelihoods, India
Development foundation, Delhi,India.
4. Khera, R., & Nayak, N. (2009). Woman Workers and Perceptions of the NREGA. Economic
and Political Weekly, 44, 49-57.
5. Hazarika, P. G. (2009). Promoting Women Empowerment and Gender Equality through the
Right to Decent Work: Implementation of National Rural Employment Guarantee
Programm (NREGP) in Assam State (India): A Case Study.
6. Ratna, M. Sudarshan. (2010). Women’s participation in the NREGA: the interplay between
wage work and care.
7. Pankaj, A., & Tankha, R. (2010). Empowerment Effects of the NREGS on Women Workers:
A Study in Four States. Economic and Political Weekly, 30, 45-55.
8. Das, Dinesh. (2012). Examining India’s Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment
Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) Its Impact and Women’s Participation. International Journal
of Social Science Tomorrow (IJSST).
9. NREGA guidelines. Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, www.nrega.nic.in
10. Minimum wages, Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India,
www.labour.nic.in