Contraception allows individuals and couples to plan their families and prevent unintended pregnancies. 1.1 billion women worldwide have a need for family planning, with 842 million using contraception and 270 million having an unmet need. Modern contraceptive methods like implants, IUDs and sterilization are highly effective at preventing pregnancy, while traditional methods have higher typical use failure rates. Increasing access to and use of effective family planning can help reduce maternal and infant mortality as well as unsafe abortions globally.
Concept of Family planning &contraceptives .Ashikur Rahman
Its a basic concept of family planning and contraceptives.it is helpful for learning basic things of family planning.mnay more thinngs are avoided to time and limitation. Basically prepared for a class presentation on reproductive and child health .
Important core knowledge about management of diabetic female in pregnancy and what are the possible fetal and neonatal complications and risk factors.
book: Obstetrics by Ten teachers.
Concept of Family planning &contraceptives .Ashikur Rahman
Its a basic concept of family planning and contraceptives.it is helpful for learning basic things of family planning.mnay more thinngs are avoided to time and limitation. Basically prepared for a class presentation on reproductive and child health .
Important core knowledge about management of diabetic female in pregnancy and what are the possible fetal and neonatal complications and risk factors.
book: Obstetrics by Ten teachers.
Combined pill ,phased pill, post cotal pilla and mini pill.
Advantages and disadvantages with a note on adverse effects and contraindications of oral contraceptives with a note synthetic agents.
Family planning class for MBBS students based on Park textbook including details on MTP, abortion, Family planning infrastructure and delivery systems in India and National Family Welfare Programme.
An intensive material on recent advances on contraception including the current contraceptive methods and a brief overview on immunocontraception and contraceptive vaccines
family planning program
Definition
important of family planning
Human right principles guide family planning services
type of family planning
Combined Oral Contraceptives.
Progestin-Only Pills
Emergency Contraceptive Pills
Progestin-Only Injectable
Monthly Injectable
Combined Patch
Combined Vaginal Ring
Progesterone-Releasing Vaginal Ring
Copper-Bearing Intrauterine Device
Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Device
Female Sterilization
Vasectomy
Male Condoms
Female Condoms
Cervical Caps
Lactational Amenorrhea Method
National Family Planning methods - different types of methods temporary as well as permanent used to prevent pregnancy #Barrier methods #Oral pills #Mirena #Cu T #Female sterilization methods #Tubal Ligation #NSV
eenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in a female under the age of 20. Pregnancy can occur with sexual intercourse after the start of ovulation, which can be before the first menstrual period (menarche) but usually occurs after the onset of periods.
Combined pill ,phased pill, post cotal pilla and mini pill.
Advantages and disadvantages with a note on adverse effects and contraindications of oral contraceptives with a note synthetic agents.
Family planning class for MBBS students based on Park textbook including details on MTP, abortion, Family planning infrastructure and delivery systems in India and National Family Welfare Programme.
An intensive material on recent advances on contraception including the current contraceptive methods and a brief overview on immunocontraception and contraceptive vaccines
family planning program
Definition
important of family planning
Human right principles guide family planning services
type of family planning
Combined Oral Contraceptives.
Progestin-Only Pills
Emergency Contraceptive Pills
Progestin-Only Injectable
Monthly Injectable
Combined Patch
Combined Vaginal Ring
Progesterone-Releasing Vaginal Ring
Copper-Bearing Intrauterine Device
Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Device
Female Sterilization
Vasectomy
Male Condoms
Female Condoms
Cervical Caps
Lactational Amenorrhea Method
National Family Planning methods - different types of methods temporary as well as permanent used to prevent pregnancy #Barrier methods #Oral pills #Mirena #Cu T #Female sterilization methods #Tubal Ligation #NSV
eenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in a female under the age of 20. Pregnancy can occur with sexual intercourse after the start of ovulation, which can be before the first menstrual period (menarche) but usually occurs after the onset of periods.
Dr. Anne Peterson, MD, MPH explains how using family planning to safely time and space births improves maternal and child health and survival and reduces abortion rates. Dr. Peterson also explains how recent research has shown previous beliefs that some contraceptive methods were abortifacients to be inaccurate.
Dr. Douglas Huber discusses a Christian approach to family planning, including technology, programs, and advocacy. He explores attitudes on family planning among various Christian denominations and methods used. He also explains how various methods work to prevent unintended pregnancies.
Speaking at the 2015 CCIH Annual Conference, Dr. Douglas Huber discusses injectable contraceptives and addresses common misunderstandings and misperceptions about how they work and side effects.
Family planning: is defined as "educational, comprehensive medical or social activities and services which enable individuals, including minors, to determine freely the number and spacing of their children and to select the means by which this may be achieved.
Birth control: Birth control is the use of any practices, methods, or devices to prevent pregnancy from occurring in a sexually active woman. Also referred to as family planning, pregnancy prevention, fertility control, or contraception; birth control methods are designed either to prevent fertilization of an egg or implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus. Birth control methods may be reversible or irreversible.
Contraception: (birth control) prevents pregnancy by interfering with the normal process of ovulation, fertilization, and implantation. There are different kinds of birth control that act at different points in the process.
Benefits of Family planning
Women/family
• Better health
• Less physical/emotional strain
• Improved quality of life
• Increased educational opportunities
• Increased economic opportunities
• More energy for household activities
• More energy for personal development and community activities
For Children:
• Better health
• More food and other resources available
• Greater opportunity for emotional support from parents
• Better opportunity for education
Factors that affect on the decision of using contraception:
• husband involvement
• Effectiveness--statistics show two numbers:
- Failure rate: no. of women per 100 who become pregnant after 1 yr. when using a birth control consistently & correctly
- Typical use failure rate: takes into account improper or inconsistent use
• Cost
• Ease of use
• Side effects
Family planning methods
• Hormone-based contraceptives
6 types
1) Oral contraceptives (pills)
2) Vaginal ring
3) Transdermal patch
4) Injected hormones
5) Hormonal implants
6) Hormonal IUDs
Oral contraceptives pills
Types of Contraceptives Pills
Combined oral contraceptives (COCs)
Most widely used
Contain both estrogen & progestagen
Triphasic pill
Levels of hormones (estrogen & progestin) fluctuate during cycle
Progestin-only pills (POPs)
Contain only a progestagen, mostly Levonorgestrel (no estrogen).
Especially suitable for breastfeeding women.
How hormonal contraceptives work
FSH & LH trigger ovulation
How to use oral contraceptives
New product dedisions provide a dear path to the business. New product development
astep by step process. A Complete idea is required behind new product.
1 1deal Generation: The development of a product starts with the concept and idea.
The remaining process is depending on that idea.
2 Screening of Idea: This step is cruial to ensure that unsuitable ideas, for whatever
reason, are rejected as soon as possible. Ideas need to be considered objectively,
ideally by a group or committee.
3. Concept Development and Testing: After having an idea, next is the sreening
stage. The idea should now convert into concept. It has depth information which can
be visualizing by the consumer.
4. Anaysis of business: After finalization of concept, a business case needs to be kept
algTStogether to consider whether the new service /product will be gainful.
2665.Product Development If the nev product is approved, it will be approved to the
2marketing and technical development step.
6. Test Marketing: Market testing (test marketing or) is different to consumer testing.
in that it introduces the product that follows proposed plan of marketing.
od7. Commercialization: When the concept has been tested and developed, final
0decisions are required to move the product to its introduction into the market.
8. Launch: A detailed plan of launch is required for this step. This is the important
stage for success of a product
New Drug Development
So In present business atmosphere, it is more important to take smart decisions for
business. Innovative approaches and new products can put an organization on proper
pathway and to make a big success if appropriately analyzed and executed. Make it simpler
(Fig.2.1).0
Following parameters should keep in mind for a better decision:
Analyzing existing service and product portfolio frequently.
Knowing the position of functions of business, projects of departments and
initiatives.
Understanding the distribution of funds and assessing efficiency.
Having understanding of market for new opportunities and possible competition.
2.B PRODUCT BRANDING, PACKAGING AND LABELLING DECİSIONs
2.8.1 Branding
Branding has its existence from ancient era. According to Nilson (2000), the first example
of branding is found in the oil lamps' manufacture on the Greek islands thousands of years
back. Brand elements are name, sign, term, symbol, design or distinguishing characteristics.
Brand is not only a graphical design or a logo; it is the unique identity of the product.
By American Marketing Association, Brand can be defined as name, term, sign, symbol
or design, or a combination of them intended to identijy the goods and services of one seller or
group of sellers and to diferentiate them from those of other sellersa54
Branding is a process, where a company generates loyalty among consumers in the
market. Brands are designed with a motive to communicate customers the reason for the
existence of their product. Brand should have a strong connection with customers;
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPointAlvis Oh
So you tried all the ways to beautify your bullet points on your pitch deck but it just got way uglier. These points are supposed to be memorable and leave a lasting impression on your audience. With these tips, you'll no longer have to spend so much time thinking how you should present your pointers.
White wonder, Work developed by Eva TschoppMansi Shah
White Wonder by Eva Tschopp
A tale about our culture around the use of fertilizers and pesticides visiting small farms around Ahmedabad in Matar and Shilaj.
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Expert Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) Drafting ServicesResDraft
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Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
Dive into the innovative world of smart garages with our insightful presentation, "Exploring the Future of Smart Garages." This comprehensive guide covers the latest advancements in garage technology, including automated systems, smart security features, energy efficiency solutions, and seamless integration with smart home ecosystems. Learn how these technologies are transforming traditional garages into high-tech, efficient spaces that enhance convenience, safety, and sustainability.
Ideal for homeowners, tech enthusiasts, and industry professionals, this presentation provides valuable insights into the trends, benefits, and future developments in smart garage technology. Stay ahead of the curve with our expert analysis and practical tips on implementing smart garage solutions.
2. Outline
• Definitions
• Key facts about contraception / family planning
• Benefits of family planning and contraception
• Contraceptive methods
• Comparing effectiveness of family planning
methods
• Contraceptive use by method
2
3. Definitions
What is contraception?
Contraception is the intentional prevention of pregnancy by artificial
or natural means.
What is family planning?
Family planning allows individuals and couples to anticipate and attain
their desired number of children and the spacing and timing of their
births. It is achieved through use of contraceptive methods and the
treatment of involuntary infertility.
What is an unmet need for family planning?
An unmet need for family planning is the number of women that want
to stop or delay childbearing but are not using any method of
contraception to prevent pregnancy, including also pregnant women
whose pregnancies were unwanted or mistimed at the time of
conception, and postpartum amenorrhoeic women who are not using
family planning and whose last birth was unwanted or mistimed.
Training Resource Package for Family Planning – Benefits of Family Planning.
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
3
4. Key facts about contraception /
family planning
Among the 1.9 billion Women
of Reproductive Age group
(15-49 years) worldwide in
2019, 1.1 billion have a need
for family planning; of these,
842 million are using
contraceptive methods, and
270 million have an unmet
need for contraception.
The proportion of the need
for family planning satisfied
by modern methods,
Sustainable Development
Goals (SDG) indicator 3.7.1,
was 75.7% globally in 2019,
yet less than half of the need
for family planning was met in
Middle and Western Africa.
Use of contraception
prevents pregnancy-related
health risks for women,
especially for adolescent
girls.
Only one contraceptive
method, condoms, can
prevent both a pregnancy
and the transmission of
sexually transmitted
infections, including HIV.
Use of contraception
advances the human right of
people to determine the
number and spacing of their
children.
Contraception offers a range
of potential non-health
benefits that encompass
expanded education
opportunities and
empowerment for women,
and sustainable population
growth and economic
development for countries.
4
WHO. Family planning/contraception methods. World Health Organization; 2020.
5. Increased risk of having problems during
pregnancy and delivery
Some women have an increased risk of having problems during
pregnancy and delivery. They are women who:
• Are under the age of 18, or over age 35
• Become pregnant less than 2 years after a previous live birth
• Become pregnant less than six months post-abortion or post-
miscarriage
• Have too many children (high parity)
• Have certain existing health problems
• Do not have access to skilled health care
Problems are more likely in those with multiple risk factors.
Training Resource Package for Family Planning – Benefits of Family Planning. 5
6. Benefits of family planning and
contraception
Prevents maternal
morbidity and
mortality
Reduces unsafe
abortion from
unintended
pregnancies
Reduces newborn
and infant
mortality
Helps to prevent
HIV/AIDS
Empowers people
and enhances
education
Reduces
adolescent
pregnancies
Contributes to
Economic Growth
Secures the well-
being and
autonomy of
women
6
WHO. Contraception: Evidence brief. World Health Organization; 2019.
7. Contraceptive methods
There are different types of contraception. They can be
short acting or long acting, reversible or permanent.
The different methods of contraception have varying rates
of effectiveness depending on correct usage. (See next
few slides)
Health care providers play an important role in helping
people find and use a method that is both effective and
acceptable.
7
8. Emergency contraception (EC) or postcoital
contraception
1. Copper-bearing IUDs (Cu-IUD) for EC
2. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs)
Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
1. Copper-bearing IUDs (Cu-IUD)
2. Levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs (LNG-IUD)
Permanent methods
1. Female sterilization (tubal ligation)
2. Male sterilization (vasectomy)
Barrier methods
1. Male and female condoms
2. Other barrier methods
Spermicides
Fertility awareness methods
1. Standard Days Method (SDM)
2. Others
Lactational amenorrhea method
Contraceptive methods
Hormonal
Progestogen-only contraceptives
1. Progestogen-only pills (POPs)
2. Progestogen-only injectable
contraceptives (POIs)
3. Progestogen-only implants
4. Progesterone-Releasing Vaginal Ring
Combined hormonal contraceptives
1. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs)
2. Combined contraceptive patch
3. Combined contraceptive vaginal ring
(CVR)
4. Combined injectable contraceptives
(CICs)
8
WHO. Contraception. World Health Organization; 2021.
9. Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of contraceptive methods - 1
Method How it works
Effectiveness: pregnancies per
100 women per year with
consistent and correct use
Effectiveness:
pregnancies per 100
women per year as
commonly used
Combined oral contraceptives
(COCs) or “the pill”
Prevents the release of eggs from the
ovaries (ovulation)
0.3
7
Progestogen-only pills (POPs)
or "the minipill"
Thickens cervical mucous to block
sperm and egg from meeting and
prevents ovulation
0.3 7
Implants
Thickens cervical mucous to blocks
sperm and egg from meeting and
prevents ovulation
0.1 0.1
Progestogen only injectables
Thickens cervical mucous to block
sperm and egg from meeting and
prevents ovulation
0.2
4
Monthly injectables or
combined injectable
contraceptives (CIC)
Prevents the release of eggs from the
ovaries (ovulation)
0.05 3
Combined contraceptive patch
and combined contraceptive
vaginal ring (CVR)
Prevents the release of eggs from the
ovaries (ovulation)
0.3 (for patch)
0.3 (for vaginal ring)
7 (for patch)
7 (for contraceptive
vaginal ring)
Intrauterine device (IUD):
copper containing
Copper component damages sperm
and prevents it from meeting the egg
0.6 0.8
Intrauterine device (IUD)
levonorgestrel
Thickens cervical mucous to block
sperm and egg from meeting
0.5 0.7
Male condoms
Forms a barrier to prevent sperm and
egg from meeting
2 13
Female condoms
Forms a barrier to prevent sperm and
egg from meeting
5
21 9
10. Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of contraceptive methods - 2
Method How it works
Effectiveness: pregnancies per 100
women per year with consistent
and correct use
Effectiveness: pregnancies per
100 women per year as
commonly used
Male sterilization (Vasectomy) Keeps sperm out of ejaculated semen 0.1 0.15
Female sterilization (tubal
ligation)
Eggs are blocked from meeting sperm 0.5 0.5
Lactational amenorrhea method
(LAM)
Prevents the release of eggs from the
ovaries (ovulation)
0.9 (in six months) 2 (in six months)
Standard Days Method or SDM
Prevents pregnancy by avoiding
unprotected vaginal sex during most
fertile days.
5 12
Basal Body Temperature (BBT)
Method
Prevents pregnancy by avoiding
unprotected vaginal sex during fertile days
Reliable effectiveness rates are not
available
TwoDay Method
Prevents pregnancy by avoiding
unprotected vaginal sex during most
fertile days,
4
14
Sympto-thermal Method
Prevents pregnancy by avoiding
unprotected vaginal sex during most
fertile
<1 2
Emergency contraception pills
(ulipristal acetate 30 mg or
levonorgestrel 1.5 mg)
Prevents or delays the release of eggs
from the ovaries. Pills taken to prevent
pregnancy up to 5 days after unprotected
sex
< 1 for ulipristal acetate ECPs
1 for progestin-only ECPs
2 for combined estrogen and
progestin ECPs
Calendar method or rhythm
method
The couple prevents pregnancy by
avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during
the 1st and last estimated fertile days, by
abstaining or using a condom.
Reliable effectiveness rates are not
available
15
Withdrawal (coitus interruptus)
Tries to keep sperm out of the woman's
body, preventing fertilization
4
20
10
WHO. Family planning/contraception methods. World Health Organization; 2020.
11. Comparing Effectiveness of Family Planning Methods
How to make your
method more effective
Implants, IUD, female sterilization:
After procedure, little or nothing to do or
remember
Vasectomy: Use another method for first
3 months
Injectables: Get repeat injections on time
Lactational Amenorrhea Method (for 6 months):
Breastfeed often, day and night
Pills: Take a pill each day
Patch, ring: Keep in place, change on time
Male condoms, diaphragm: Use correctly every
time you have sex
Fertility awareness methods: Abstain or use
condoms on fertile days. Standard Days Method
and Two-Day Method may be easier to use.
More effective
Less than 1 pregnancy per
100 women in one year
Less effective
About 30 pregnancies per
100 women in one year
Female condoms, withdrawal, spermicides:
Use correctly every time you have sex
11
Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers (3rd Edition, 2018)
12. Estimated numbers of women of reproductive age (15-49 years) using modern and traditional
contraceptive methods, having an unmet need for family planning and no need for family planning,
worldwide, 2019
Contraceptive use by method
12
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
13. Estimated numbers of women of reproductive age (15-49 years) using various
contraceptive methods, worldwide, 2019
Contraceptive use by method
13
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
14. Contraceptive prevalence by method among women of reproductive age (15-49 years), by
region, 2019
Contraceptive use by method
14
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
15. Trends in contraceptive prevalence by method among women of reproductive age (15-49
years), by region, 1994 and 2019
Contraceptive use by method
15
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
16. Estimated numbers of women of reproductive age (15-49 years) using various
contraceptive methods, 1994 and 2019
Contraceptive use by method
16
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
17. Percentage share of contraceptive use for the most common method among women of
reproductive age (15- 49 years), 2019
Contraceptive use by method
17
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
18. Estimated prevalence of individual contraceptive methods among women of reproductive
age (15-49 years), 2019 - I
Contraceptive use by method
18
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
19. Estimated prevalence of individual contraceptive methods among women of
reproductive age (15-49 years), by country, 2019 - II
Contraceptive use by method
19
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
20. Estimated proportions of contraceptive users among women of reproductive age (15-49
years) using permanent or long-acting modern methods, short-acting modern methods
and traditional methods in 2019, by country and region - I
Contraceptive use by method
20
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
21. Estimated proportions of contraceptive users among women of reproductive age (15-49
years) using permanent or long-acting modern methods, short-acting modern methods
and traditional methods in 2019, by country and region - II
Contraceptive use by method
21
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
22. Estimated numbers of women of reproductive age (15-49 years) using various
contraceptive methods, by marital status, 2019
Contraceptive use by method
22
Contraceptive Use by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019.
23. Family planning and Human Rights
All individuals and couples have the right:
“…to decide freely and responsibly the number,
spacing and timing of their children and to have the
information, education, and means to do so, and
the right to attain the highest standard of sexual
and reproductive health...”
– ICPD Programme of Action
Training Resource Package for Family Planning – Benefits of Family Planning. 23
24. References
Guttmacher Institute. Adding It Up - Investing in Sexual and Reproductive Health in Low- and
Middle-Income Countries. Fact Sheet. Guttmacher Institute, 2020 Jul. Available from:
https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/factsheet/adding-it-up-investing-in-sexual-
reproductive-health.pdf
Training Resource Package for Family Planning. Available from: https://www.fptraining.org/
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Contraceptive Use
by Method 2019: Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/435). United Nations; 2019. Available from:
https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/files/doc
uments/2020/Jan/un_2019_contraceptiveusebymethod_databooklet.pdf
World Health Organization Department of Reproductive Health and Research (WHO/RHR) and
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/Center for Communication Programs (CCP),
Knowledge for Health Project. Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers (2018 update).
Baltimore and Geneva: CCP and WHO; 2018. Available from: https://www.fphandbook.org/
WHO. Contraception: Evidence brief. World Health Organization; 2019. Available from:
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329884/WHO-RHR-19.18-eng.pdf?ua=1
WHO. Family planning/contraception methods. World Health Organization; 2020. Available from:
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-contraception
WHO. Contraception. World Health Organization. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-
topics/contraception
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