2.1 estimation
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This document discusses two types of electrical wiring estimations: approximate estimations and scientific estimations. Approximate estimations are based on experience and thumb rules and may contain errors, while scientific estimations involve detailed calculations of required materials, labor, and tools based on designs and specifications to predict costs and profit/loss more accurately. Scientific estimations require technical knowledge of calculations, specifications, drawings, standards, and site conditions.
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C o n st r u c t i o n Est i m a t i ng C h e c k l i st.docx
C o n st r u c t i o n Est i m a t i ng C h e c k l i st
Direct Overhead Costs
(Project Overhead)
Personnel
Superintendent
Project manager (if for that project only)
Field engineer (if for that project only)
Cost engineer (if for that project only)
Scheduler
Warehouse personnel (if for that project only)
Watchman/guard dogs
Tool room keeper (if for that project only)
Tool room keeper (if for that project only)
Timekeeper (if for that project only)
Foreman (if for that project only)
Site safety manager
Indirect Costs
(Main O�ce Overhead)
Salaries
President
Executives
Secretaries/reception
Estimators/schedulers
Project managers
Construction manager
Cost engineers
Purchasing agent
Cost/bookkeeping
Engineers
Other o�ce personnel
Yard personnel
Tool manager
Mechanics/maintenance
Drivers
Equipment operators
Bonds
Surety
Bid
Payment
Performance
Miscellaneous
Vehicles
Permits
Licenses
Tools and equipment
Photographs
Surveying
Testing
Job signs
Pumping
Dust control
Sca�olding
Lifting /hoisting
Cleanup (periodic)
Final cleanup
Damage/repair to adjoining buildings
and/or public ways
Temporar y Facilities
Field o�ce expense
Set-up and removal
Light
Water
Telephone/internet
Supplies
Equipment
Fax machine
Copy machine
Blueprint machine
Co�ee machine
Computers/software
Temporary light and power
Temporary heat
Temporary water
Cell phones/radios
Toilet facilities
Enclosures
Storage trailers
Fencing
Barricades and signals
Construction road
Project sign
O�ce
Rent/cost of ownership
Electricity
Gas
Water
Sewer
Telephone
Internet
Postage
O�ce equipment
Furniture/furnishings
O�ce supplies
Advertising
Literature
Club/association dues
Professional Ser vices
Legal
Accounting
Architectural
Engineering
Vehicles
Cars/trucks
Cost of operation
Mileage expenses
Insurance
Fire
Property damage
Vehicles
Public liability
Windstorm
Workers’ compensation
Unemployment
Social security
Flood
Theft
Elevator
C o n st r u c t i o n Est i m a t i ng C h e c k l i st
Discussion Questions
1. Are computers tools changing the way construction estimating has been done in the past?
2. Discuss why we need to differentiate between direct and indirect overheads in construction?
Discussion Responses
SJ
Are computers tools changing the way construction estimating has been done in the past?
Computers are definitely changing the way estimating is done. In the old days, estimators would have to break out pages of paper and calculations, along with books of updated cost data, and estimate by hand. Through the use of new technology such as computer programs and spreadsheets, data can be implemented and automatically calculated based upon projected hours, materials, and so forth. Computers can reduce the amount of errors, increase speed of estimation, and provide the estimating team the ability to make easy changes that translate to the bottom line price in the process.
Respond
2. Discuss why we need to differentiate between direct and indirect o ...
C o n st r u c t i o n Est i m a t i ng C h e c k l i st.docx
C o n st r u c t i o n Est i m a t i ng C h e c k l i st
Direct Overhead Costs
(Project Overhead)
Personnel
Superintendent
Project manager (if for that project only)
Field engineer (if for that project only)
Cost engineer (if for that project only)
Scheduler
Warehouse personnel (if for that project only)
Watchman/guard dogs
Tool room keeper (if for that project only)
Tool room keeper (if for that project only)
Timekeeper (if for that project only)
Foreman (if for that project only)
Site safety manager
Indirect Costs
(Main O�ce Overhead)
Salaries
President
Executives
Secretaries/reception
Estimators/schedulers
Project managers
Construction manager
Cost engineers
Purchasing agent
Cost/bookkeeping
Engineers
Other o�ce personnel
Yard personnel
Tool manager
Mechanics/maintenance
Drivers
Equipment operators
Bonds
Surety
Bid
Payment
Performance
Miscellaneous
Vehicles
Permits
Licenses
Tools and equipment
Photographs
Surveying
Testing
Job signs
Pumping
Dust control
Sca�olding
Lifting /hoisting
Cleanup (periodic)
Final cleanup
Damage/repair to adjoining buildings
and/or public ways
Temporar y Facilities
Field o�ce expense
Set-up and removal
Light
Water
Telephone/internet
Supplies
Equipment
Fax machine
Copy machine
Blueprint machine
Co�ee machine
Computers/software
Temporary light and power
Temporary heat
Temporary water
Cell phones/radios
Toilet facilities
Enclosures
Storage trailers
Fencing
Barricades and signals
Construction road
Project sign
O�ce
Rent/cost of ownership
Electricity
Gas
Water
Sewer
Telephone
Internet
Postage
O�ce equipment
Furniture/furnishings
O�ce supplies
Advertising
Literature
Club/association dues
Professional Ser vices
Legal
Accounting
Architectural
Engineering
Vehicles
Cars/trucks
Cost of operation
Mileage expenses
Insurance
Fire
Property damage
Vehicles
Public liability
Windstorm
Workers’ compensation
Unemployment
Social security
Flood
Theft
Elevator
C o n st r u c t i o n Est i m a t i ng C h e c k l i st
Discussion Questions
1. Are computers tools changing the way construction estimating has been done in the past?
2. Discuss why we need to differentiate between direct and indirect overheads in construction?
Discussion Responses
SJ
Are computers tools changing the way construction estimating has been done in the past?
Computers are definitely changing the way estimating is done. In the old days, estimators would have to break out pages of paper and calculations, along with books of updated cost data, and estimate by hand. Through the use of new technology such as computer programs and spreadsheets, data can be implemented and automatically calculated based upon projected hours, materials, and so forth. Computers can reduce the amount of errors, increase speed of estimation, and provide the estimating team the ability to make easy changes that translate to the bottom line price in the process.
Respond
2. Discuss why we need to differentiate between direct and indirect o.
Workstudy
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The document discusses various techniques for improving work efficiency, processes, and productivity, including method study, work measurement, ergonomics, and productivity analysis. It covers the history and basic concepts of work study, how to conduct method studies and time studies, and how to establish work standards and incentive plans. The document also examines how work study concepts apply to systems analysis, design of workstations, business process reengineering, and modeling information systems.
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conditions. VE is a process for achieving the optimal result in a way that quality, safety, reliability
and convertibility of every monetary unit are improved.
Here theory of Value Engineering along with case study of UTM is presented.
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2.1 estimation
- 1. ELECTRICAL WIRING TYPES OF ESTIAMTIONS 2.1
- 2. Estimation ?
- 4. Estimation Importance of money Importance of Resources Importance of timings Management
- 5. Who is good Estimator? Imagination Creativeness Initativeness Presence of mind Technical knowledge Knowledge of surrounding of site
- 6. Importance of estimation To get approx costing To get approx quantum of work Tools required Types of labor requires Profit loss? It decides whole road map of project
- 8. Approximate estimation Its based on Thumb rule Experience counts here May have errors Cant predict profit loss
- 9. Scientific Estimation Calculation of required material Study of designs/drawings/blue prints Much nearer to reality Involves detailed survey Can predict profit loss
- 10. Knowledge for sci. estimation Calculation of required materials, tools, machinery, labor etc Specification of material Condition of work place and man power Comparison and Selection of material Knowledge of price catalogues Study of drawings and blue prints Ability to go through standards
- 12. Estimation is a tool to calculate cost, manpower, money and time to finish project, machinery required And ultimately to work out feasibility and profit loss Two types of Estimation In Approximation, no exact calculations are done In scientific, all care to consider all aspects, its much nearer to reality SUMMARY