Open Access (OA) is a mechanism that allows for free and immediate access to research results and data. It aims to enhance global dissemination, reduce research duplication, and increase the use of scientific contributions in teaching programs, among others. However, a survey has revealed that many researchers need more adequate knowledge about OA and the transition to it. While making research products openly available is a great idea for communicating science and knowledge, shifting the costs from readers to authors induces risks that must be identified, understood, and analyzed. It is worth noting that OA does not eliminate publishing costs. The move to OA can lead to financial bias if publishers take advantage of the opportunity to publish more or engage in unethical practices. This could create an unequal playing field, where some researchers have an advantage over others due to their access to resources. The talk describes the scientific publishing market, the problems emerging from the current transition to OA, and potential countermeasures to mitigate the current difficulties.
The presentation discusses the current largely commercial-based publishing system and contextualizes it within the research assessment system. It presents institution-based non-for -profit publishing initiaves and the European Commissions policies and supports in the direction of empowering this type of scholarly communication.
This document provides an overview of open access, including:
- Defining open access as digital literature that is free to read, distribute, and use without restrictions.
- Describing the open access movement to make scholarly literature openly accessible online at no cost.
- Explaining how open access has emerged due to factors like growing information and the need for access, as well as budget cuts straining library resources.
- Detailing benefits of open access for authors, institutions, and society, such as increased visibility, citation rates, and efficient use of public funding.
Dr Alma Swan, "Is Open Acess just another fad?"UQSCADS
This document summarizes a presentation on open access given at the University of Queensland. It discusses how open access provides immediate, free access to peer-reviewed research and data. Open access benefits authors through increased visibility, usage, impact, and personal profiling of their work. It also benefits universities by improving research monitoring and demonstrating societal return. Open access is not a fad as funder and institutional policies are increasingly requiring it.
Frederick Friend: Where we are now in opening research results and data NeilStewartCity
The document discusses progress towards open access to research publications and data. It defines open access as free online availability permitting reuse without financial or legal barriers. Since 2002, strategies of self-archiving in repositories and publishing in open access journals have increased open access publications to around 20-23% globally. While government policies aim to increase open access, they are unclear and risk being expensive. Local actions by universities and researchers can better promote open access through monitoring policies, supporting authors, and engaging departments. Open access to research data also presents opportunities and challenges regarding standards, ownership and infrastructure.
What do you want in research journal publishing a revolution or an evolution ...Pubrica
In the life of an academic, journal publishing is critical. It hurts if someone else publishes comparable work earlier or in a “high impact publication” with a larger readership.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3gjNn0q
For our services: https://pubrica.com/services/publication-support/
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When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Bio statistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
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The European Commission's proposal for embedding open science in horizon europe. Particular emphasis on open access and research data management aspects. Also presenting the new publishing platform of the Commission, Open Research Europe
OpenAccess policies as tools for innovative research and educational challenges.Università di Padova
Intervention to the International Conference
The future of political science: an international and interdisciplinary conversation, Università degli Studi di Padova, 14-15 december 2012.
The presentation discusses the current largely commercial-based publishing system and contextualizes it within the research assessment system. It presents institution-based non-for -profit publishing initiaves and the European Commissions policies and supports in the direction of empowering this type of scholarly communication.
This document provides an overview of open access, including:
- Defining open access as digital literature that is free to read, distribute, and use without restrictions.
- Describing the open access movement to make scholarly literature openly accessible online at no cost.
- Explaining how open access has emerged due to factors like growing information and the need for access, as well as budget cuts straining library resources.
- Detailing benefits of open access for authors, institutions, and society, such as increased visibility, citation rates, and efficient use of public funding.
Dr Alma Swan, "Is Open Acess just another fad?"UQSCADS
This document summarizes a presentation on open access given at the University of Queensland. It discusses how open access provides immediate, free access to peer-reviewed research and data. Open access benefits authors through increased visibility, usage, impact, and personal profiling of their work. It also benefits universities by improving research monitoring and demonstrating societal return. Open access is not a fad as funder and institutional policies are increasingly requiring it.
Frederick Friend: Where we are now in opening research results and data NeilStewartCity
The document discusses progress towards open access to research publications and data. It defines open access as free online availability permitting reuse without financial or legal barriers. Since 2002, strategies of self-archiving in repositories and publishing in open access journals have increased open access publications to around 20-23% globally. While government policies aim to increase open access, they are unclear and risk being expensive. Local actions by universities and researchers can better promote open access through monitoring policies, supporting authors, and engaging departments. Open access to research data also presents opportunities and challenges regarding standards, ownership and infrastructure.
What do you want in research journal publishing a revolution or an evolution ...Pubrica
In the life of an academic, journal publishing is critical. It hurts if someone else publishes comparable work earlier or in a “high impact publication” with a larger readership.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3gjNn0q
For our services: https://pubrica.com/services/publication-support/
Why Pubrica:
When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Bio statistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us:
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44-1618186353
The European Commission's proposal for embedding open science in horizon europe. Particular emphasis on open access and research data management aspects. Also presenting the new publishing platform of the Commission, Open Research Europe
OpenAccess policies as tools for innovative research and educational challenges.Università di Padova
Intervention to the International Conference
The future of political science: an international and interdisciplinary conversation, Università degli Studi di Padova, 14-15 december 2012.
La Ciencia Abierta en la práctica: infraestructuras y políticas en Europa, se...Pedro Príncipe
The document discusses open science policies and infrastructure in Europe. It provides an overview of the evolution of open access from solely publishing papers openly to promoting open science more broadly by making data, methods, and other research outputs openly available. It outlines European policies like Horizon 2020 that require funded research results and data to be openly accessible. It also describes the OpenAIRE infrastructure that provides services and tools to support researchers in complying with open science requirements through repositories, publishing options, and data management planning.
OpenAIRE-COAR conference 2014: Open Access in H2020, by Anni Hellman - Europe...OpenAIRE
Presentation at the OpenAIRE-COAR Conference: "Open Access Movement to Reality: Putting the Pieces Together", Athens - May 21-22, 2014.
Open Access in H2020, by Anni Hellman - European Commission.
Open Science: políticas e herramientas en Europa - Universidad de CantabriaPedro Príncipe
The document discusses open science policies and tools in Europe. It provides an overview of open access and open data policies in Horizon 2020, the European Union's research and innovation programme. Key points include:
- Horizon 2020 requires open access publication of research results and open data sharing where possible.
- OpenAIRE provides services and infrastructure to support open access, open data, and compliance with Horizon 2020 policies through depositing publications and research data.
- OpenAIRE offers discovery, reporting, and helpdesk services to help researchers and projects share results openly.
OpenAIRE webinar: Horizon 2020 Open Science Policies and beyond, with Emilie ...OpenAIRE
This document summarizes the key policies and requirements around open science in Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe research funding programs. It outlines that Horizon 2020 made open access to publications mandatory and launched a pilot program for open access to research data. Horizon Europe will continue and strengthen these policies by making open access to research data the default, requiring data management plans aligned with FAIR principles, and potentially including sanctions for non-compliance. Open science practices will also be more embedded and promoted throughout the research process.
After an introduction to open science policy in Horizon Europe, the main focus of the presentation is open access to publications requirements in Horizon Europe and Open Research Europe for the Estonian Research Council in June 2021
What do you want in research journal publishing a revolution or an evolution ...Pubrica
In the life of an academic, journal publishing is critical. It hurts if someone else publishes comparable work earlier or in a “high impact publication” with a larger readership.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3gjNn0q
For our services: https://pubrica.com/services/publication-support/
Why Pubrica:
When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Bio statistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us:
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44-1618186353
Research and Innovation in transformation: the transition to Open ScienceJean-François Dechamp
The document discusses the European Commission's efforts to promote open science. It summarizes the EC's role in funding research and setting policies. It outlines the EC's open access and open research data policies in Horizon 2020 and plans for FP9. It also discusses challenges like skills development, metrics, and legal issues regarding open science. The overall aim is to kickstart a cultural change towards greater sharing and collaboration in research.
A summary of the key elements of the Horizon Europe open science policy and a detailed presentation of the European Commission's open access publishing platform, Open Research Europe
A funder’s perspective: Welcome from the EC, Caroline Colin (OpenAIRE worksho...OpenAIRE
This document discusses the European Commission's policy on open access. It defines open access as online access to peer-reviewed scientific publications and research data that is available at no charge to the user. The policy aims to optimize the impact of publicly-funded research and provide benefits to science, the economy, and society. The Horizon 2020 program includes a mandate that publications and certain datasets resulting from funded projects be made openly accessible. The document outlines the open access policy requirements and provides resources for open access publishing and data management.
This document summarizes a presentation about open access policies on the national level. It discusses how organizations like EIFL advocate for open access policies from research funders, universities, and governments. It provides examples of funder mandates from organizations like Wellcome Trust and NIH. The document also discusses whether policies should mandate or just encourage open access, whether they should require deposit in repositories, journals, or both, and what materials should be deposited. It highlights open access progress in Africa through organizations and repositories.
The greatest possible impact: The Wellcome Trust and open researchUoLResearchSupport
Research funders are increasingly recognising the importance of open research practices, to increase the reach and impact of their funded research and to ensure the integrity of research results.
The Wellcome Trust have been leading efforts to make research more open for more than 20 years, ever since working to make sure the results of the Human Genome Project were released immediately into the public domain. They were also the first research funder to introduce a mandatory open access policy, with more than 150 global research funders having since followed their lead. More recently, they have developed the Wellcome Open Research platform, which allow their researchers to rapidly publish and share their findings openly and transparently, and encourage researchers to cite preprints in their grant applications.
On Thursday 17th June we welcome Sonya Towers, Grants Adviser - Immunobiology and Infectious Disease at the Wellcome Trust, to discuss Wellcome’s approach to open research including their Output Management Plan pilot on which they are liaising with the University of Leeds.
Institutional electronic repositories: a mandate for all researcherscalsi
The document discusses open access to scientific documentation through institutional electronic repositories. It argues that open access allows for greater visibility and impact of research, increased collaboration opportunities, and optimal use of web technologies. However, one challenge is disseminating research effectively. The document proposes several actions to advance open access, including developing institutional repositories with mandatory deposit policies, supporting existing and new open access journals, and communicating the benefits of open access to researchers.
Uncertainty and variability in industry-scale projects: Pearls, perils and p...Alfonso Pierantonio
The state-of-the-art in software abstraction is model-driven engineering. It provides system architects with abstract representations of complex system functionality, complementary views of a given system (e.g., behavioral versus structural), and vertical refinement of high-level system requirements models into design models and eventually down to (automatically-generated) executable code. However, the complexity caused by the many models used in large-scale projects might give place to significant sources of uncertainty due to (implicit and explicit) dependencies, consistencies, and correlations among the modeling artifacts. Keeping such models consistent during the development process requires spelling out the change requirements that enforce well-thought-out change propagation and co-evolution plans.
In this talk, I will survey threats, challenges, and misconceptions that occurred in the context of an industry-scale project in the domain of computer-based interlocking systems. In particular, the different kinds of model relations required managing several forms of (epistemic) uncertainty emerged in various scenarios, including roundtripping among modeling notations and several forms of co-evolution involving metamodels, models, and transformations. To this end, a megamodel is given to better characterize the identified solutions that required devising specialized tools and notations for leveraging automation and translating uncertainty into variability models.
Alfonso Pierantonio presents a viewpoint-based approach to fixing limitations in traditional models of object classification. Traditional models use static, binary classification that cannot accommodate dynamic reclassification or overlapping categories. The proposed approach classifies objects based on their properties over time within different viewpoints, allowing dynamic classification as an object's state changes. Viewpoints can overlap and transients can be modeled with fuzzy logic. This brings classification in line with objects' natural changes and addresses issues like dynamic reclassification and in-between categories.
La Ciencia Abierta en la práctica: infraestructuras y políticas en Europa, se...Pedro Príncipe
The document discusses open science policies and infrastructure in Europe. It provides an overview of the evolution of open access from solely publishing papers openly to promoting open science more broadly by making data, methods, and other research outputs openly available. It outlines European policies like Horizon 2020 that require funded research results and data to be openly accessible. It also describes the OpenAIRE infrastructure that provides services and tools to support researchers in complying with open science requirements through repositories, publishing options, and data management planning.
OpenAIRE-COAR conference 2014: Open Access in H2020, by Anni Hellman - Europe...OpenAIRE
Presentation at the OpenAIRE-COAR Conference: "Open Access Movement to Reality: Putting the Pieces Together", Athens - May 21-22, 2014.
Open Access in H2020, by Anni Hellman - European Commission.
Open Science: políticas e herramientas en Europa - Universidad de CantabriaPedro Príncipe
The document discusses open science policies and tools in Europe. It provides an overview of open access and open data policies in Horizon 2020, the European Union's research and innovation programme. Key points include:
- Horizon 2020 requires open access publication of research results and open data sharing where possible.
- OpenAIRE provides services and infrastructure to support open access, open data, and compliance with Horizon 2020 policies through depositing publications and research data.
- OpenAIRE offers discovery, reporting, and helpdesk services to help researchers and projects share results openly.
OpenAIRE webinar: Horizon 2020 Open Science Policies and beyond, with Emilie ...OpenAIRE
This document summarizes the key policies and requirements around open science in Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe research funding programs. It outlines that Horizon 2020 made open access to publications mandatory and launched a pilot program for open access to research data. Horizon Europe will continue and strengthen these policies by making open access to research data the default, requiring data management plans aligned with FAIR principles, and potentially including sanctions for non-compliance. Open science practices will also be more embedded and promoted throughout the research process.
After an introduction to open science policy in Horizon Europe, the main focus of the presentation is open access to publications requirements in Horizon Europe and Open Research Europe for the Estonian Research Council in June 2021
What do you want in research journal publishing a revolution or an evolution ...Pubrica
In the life of an academic, journal publishing is critical. It hurts if someone else publishes comparable work earlier or in a “high impact publication” with a larger readership.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3gjNn0q
For our services: https://pubrica.com/services/publication-support/
Why Pubrica:
When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Bio statistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us:
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44-1618186353
Research and Innovation in transformation: the transition to Open ScienceJean-François Dechamp
The document discusses the European Commission's efforts to promote open science. It summarizes the EC's role in funding research and setting policies. It outlines the EC's open access and open research data policies in Horizon 2020 and plans for FP9. It also discusses challenges like skills development, metrics, and legal issues regarding open science. The overall aim is to kickstart a cultural change towards greater sharing and collaboration in research.
A summary of the key elements of the Horizon Europe open science policy and a detailed presentation of the European Commission's open access publishing platform, Open Research Europe
A funder’s perspective: Welcome from the EC, Caroline Colin (OpenAIRE worksho...OpenAIRE
This document discusses the European Commission's policy on open access. It defines open access as online access to peer-reviewed scientific publications and research data that is available at no charge to the user. The policy aims to optimize the impact of publicly-funded research and provide benefits to science, the economy, and society. The Horizon 2020 program includes a mandate that publications and certain datasets resulting from funded projects be made openly accessible. The document outlines the open access policy requirements and provides resources for open access publishing and data management.
This document summarizes a presentation about open access policies on the national level. It discusses how organizations like EIFL advocate for open access policies from research funders, universities, and governments. It provides examples of funder mandates from organizations like Wellcome Trust and NIH. The document also discusses whether policies should mandate or just encourage open access, whether they should require deposit in repositories, journals, or both, and what materials should be deposited. It highlights open access progress in Africa through organizations and repositories.
The greatest possible impact: The Wellcome Trust and open researchUoLResearchSupport
Research funders are increasingly recognising the importance of open research practices, to increase the reach and impact of their funded research and to ensure the integrity of research results.
The Wellcome Trust have been leading efforts to make research more open for more than 20 years, ever since working to make sure the results of the Human Genome Project were released immediately into the public domain. They were also the first research funder to introduce a mandatory open access policy, with more than 150 global research funders having since followed their lead. More recently, they have developed the Wellcome Open Research platform, which allow their researchers to rapidly publish and share their findings openly and transparently, and encourage researchers to cite preprints in their grant applications.
On Thursday 17th June we welcome Sonya Towers, Grants Adviser - Immunobiology and Infectious Disease at the Wellcome Trust, to discuss Wellcome’s approach to open research including their Output Management Plan pilot on which they are liaising with the University of Leeds.
Institutional electronic repositories: a mandate for all researcherscalsi
The document discusses open access to scientific documentation through institutional electronic repositories. It argues that open access allows for greater visibility and impact of research, increased collaboration opportunities, and optimal use of web technologies. However, one challenge is disseminating research effectively. The document proposes several actions to advance open access, including developing institutional repositories with mandatory deposit policies, supporting existing and new open access journals, and communicating the benefits of open access to researchers.
Uncertainty and variability in industry-scale projects: Pearls, perils and p...Alfonso Pierantonio
The state-of-the-art in software abstraction is model-driven engineering. It provides system architects with abstract representations of complex system functionality, complementary views of a given system (e.g., behavioral versus structural), and vertical refinement of high-level system requirements models into design models and eventually down to (automatically-generated) executable code. However, the complexity caused by the many models used in large-scale projects might give place to significant sources of uncertainty due to (implicit and explicit) dependencies, consistencies, and correlations among the modeling artifacts. Keeping such models consistent during the development process requires spelling out the change requirements that enforce well-thought-out change propagation and co-evolution plans.
In this talk, I will survey threats, challenges, and misconceptions that occurred in the context of an industry-scale project in the domain of computer-based interlocking systems. In particular, the different kinds of model relations required managing several forms of (epistemic) uncertainty emerged in various scenarios, including roundtripping among modeling notations and several forms of co-evolution involving metamodels, models, and transformations. To this end, a megamodel is given to better characterize the identified solutions that required devising specialized tools and notations for leveraging automation and translating uncertainty into variability models.
Alfonso Pierantonio presents a viewpoint-based approach to fixing limitations in traditional models of object classification. Traditional models use static, binary classification that cannot accommodate dynamic reclassification or overlapping categories. The proposed approach classifies objects based on their properties over time within different viewpoints, allowing dynamic classification as an object's state changes. Viewpoints can overlap and transients can be modeled with fuzzy logic. This brings classification in line with objects' natural changes and addresses issues like dynamic reclassification and in-between categories.
Starting a career in research is one of the most uncertain professional ambition in modern societies. Besides the technical obstacles of becoming a world-class expert in a specific topic (you have to!), it presents a diversity of daunting psycho-social difficulties that might be conducive to harmful consequences. The talk is informal in nature and tries to reflect the speaker’s experience (as a computer scientist) at the beginning of his career and later as the mentor of students and postdocs. Besides expected definitions about what research is or should be, it tries to discuss how students often tend to adopt the irrational idea of having ‘perfect reasoning.’ It also will consider empiricism, as a democratic tool for entering research, and the language as a barrier for those who do not speak English as a first language. The final remark will be about ‘silence’ as a beneficial or pathological aspect of both researchers and mentors.
Adoption of MDE technologies (and techniques) could be dis- cussed within the context of existing technology acceptance models (TAMs). For instance, Davis’ basic TAM model [4] emphasizes (perceived) usefulness and ease of use. While these factors are clearly relevant, we aim at a more refined view by paying special attention to how MDE, at this stage, is driven by research and university teaching. That is, we describe the challenge of improving chances of MDE adoption (i.e., improved ‘adoptability’) in terms of maturing three legs of an ‘adoption chair’: i) reproducibility of research re- sults; ii) reusability of essential technologies; iii) teachability of the underlying techniques.
Keynote at Educators Symposium, ACM/IEEE 19th Intl. Conference on Model Drive...Alfonso Pierantonio
This document discusses teaching modeling and model-driven engineering (MDE). It describes how modeling and MDE concepts are taught at the University of L'Aquila, including various courses covering topics like software engineering, architecture, and MDE. It notes challenges in teaching abstraction and automation skills to students. The document also expresses some disillusionment with MDE, noting that code generation is not widely adopted in practice due to high costs and skills required. To investigate this, the author queries a database of EU projects to analyze how many involved MDE concepts.
This document provides an overview of model management techniques investigated by the author, including coupled evolution, semantic issues in bidirectional model transformations, and the MDE Forge collaborative modeling platform. It introduces model-driven engineering (MDE) and discusses how models provide abstraction and can be automated through model transformations to perform complex tasks like incremental changes and traceability management. The challenges of metamodel and model co-evolution are described, as well as approaches to manage changes across an entire MDE ecosystem. Uncertainty in bidirectional model transformations is also covered.
Supporting Users to Manage Breaking and Unresolvable Changes in Coupled Evolu...Alfonso Pierantonio
In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) metamodels play a key role since they underpin the specification of different kinds of modeling artifacts, and the development of a wide range of model management tools. Consequently, when a metamodel is changed modelers and developers have to deal with the induced coupled evolutions i.e., adapting all those artifacts that might have been affected by the operated meta- model changes. Over the last years, several approaches have been proposed to deal with the coupled evolution problem, even though the treatment of changes is still a time consum- ing and error-prone activity. In this paper we propose an ap- proach supporting users during the adaptation steps that can- not be fully automated. The approach has been implemented by extending the EMFMigrate language and by exploiting the user input facility of the Epsilon Object Language. The approach has been applied to cope with the coupled evolu- tion of metamodels and model-to-text transformations.
Managing Uncertainty in Bidirectional Model Transformations Alfonso Pierantonio
In Model-Driven Engineering bidirectionality in transforma- tions is regarded as a key mechanism. Recent approaches to non-deterministic transformations have been proposed for dealing with non-bijectivity. Among them, the JTL language is based on a relational model transformation engine which restores consistency by returning all admissible models. This can be regarded as an uncertainty reducing process: the un- known uncertainty at design-time is translated into known uncertainty at run-time by generating multiple choices. Un- fortunately, little changes in a model usually correspond to a combinatorial explosion of the solution space. In this pa- per, we propose to represent the multiple solutions in a in- tensional manner by adopting a model for uncertainty. The technique is applied to JTL demonstrating the advantages of the proposal.
Automated chaining of model transformations with incompatible metamodelsAlfonso Pierantonio
The document discusses automating the chaining of model transformations between incompatible metamodels. It proposes enhancing composability by using co-evolution techniques to determine when metamodels that are technically incompatible may still allow transformations to be chained. When the incompatibility is due to resolvable changes between metamodel versions, an adapter transformation can be automatically generated to migrate models between the metamodels. This approach allows more transformations in a repository to be discoverable and composable when chaining is needed between seemingly incompatible metamodels.
The document discusses issues with bidirectionality in model transformations. It notes that while bidirectionality is relevant, it rarely produces anticipated benefits due to several factors: transformations are often non-deterministic, existing bidirectional languages introduce opaque semantics by enforcing consistency through unknown update policies, and developers lack control over the transformation behavior. The document proposes that bidirectional transformations should generate all possible results to manage uncertainty, define update policies at design time to give developers control, and allow manual selection when automatic policies cannot be determined.
Mise14 @ ICSE1 14 Uncertainty in Bidirectional TransformationsAlfonso Pierantonio
This document discusses challenges with bidirectional transformations between models. It notes that while bidirectionality is important, existing approaches have not achieved anticipated benefits due to issues with non-determinism and unclear semantics. The document proposes handling uncertainty in bidirectional transformations by generating a model with uncertainty rather than a set of models. This represents the solution space and allows traversal. It extends the semantics of the Janus Transformation Language to directly generate the uncertainty model corresponding to the solution space. Managing uncertainty in this way is intended to help address the challenges with bidirectional transformations.
Evolutionary Togetherness: How to Manage Coupled Evolution in Metamodeling Ec...Alfonso Pierantonio
The document discusses model-driven engineering and metamodeling ecosystems. It notes that in MDE, metamodels are cornerstones that define related artifacts like models, transformations, and editors. When a metamodel changes, it can invalidate these other artifacts in the ecosystem. The document examines challenges in co-evolving all artifacts when a metamodel changes, such as manually adapting models which is tedious and error-prone. It proposes that an ecosystem needs infrastructure to consistently co-evolve artifacts, such as by defining relationships between elements and detecting change impacts to determine necessary adaptations. A megamodel is proposed as a way to formally specify an ecosystem and the dependencies between its elements.
Managing the evolution of F/OSS with Model Driven TechniquesAlfonso Pierantonio
The document discusses challenges in managing the evolution of complex free and open source software (FOSS) distributions, which can comprise thousands of interdependent packages. It proposes addressing these challenges through a model-driven approach involving the use of models and simulations to represent FOSS distributions, analyze package dependencies and scripts, and predict potential failures from package upgrades before deployment. A demonstration is provided of tools developed to harvest information from a Linux system into models and simulate package upgrades to detect errors.
This document discusses managing co-evolution in model-driven engineering (MDE). It defines that metamodels are living entities that change over time, and when metamodels change, related artifacts like models, transformations, and generic tools must adapt to remain valid. It identifies different relations between metamodels and artifacts that can be affected by metamodel changes, like the conformance of models to metamodels. It also classifies different types of changes and adaptations that may be needed. The document then introduces EMFMigrate, a programmatic approach using a domain-specific language to specify migration strategies using rules to adapt affected artifacts when metamodels change in a consistent, reusable way.
This document discusses model differencing, which is the ability to detect and represent changes between versions of a model. It begins by outlining the key challenges of model differencing and proposes decomposing the problem into calculation of differences, representation of differences, and applications of differences. It then examines approaches for representing differences, such as edit scripts and coloring, and proposes a difference metamodel for abstractly representing differences. The document concludes by discussing how difference models can be used for model patching and composition of differences.
Evolution in the Large and in the Small in Model-Driven DevelopmentAlfonso Pierantonio
Model Driven Engineering (MDE) is increasingly gaining acceptance in the development of software systems as a mean to leverage abstraction and render business logic resilient to technological changes. Coordinated collections of models and modeling languages are used to describe
applications on different abstraction levels and from different perspectives. In general, both models and metamodels are not preserved from the evolutionary pressure which inevitably affects almost any artifacts, possibly causing a cascade of adaptations which severely affects the modeling languages or the model population.
This talk analyzes the different kinds of co-adaptations which are required, distinguishing among co-evolution in the large and in the small. In particular, the coupling between models and metamodels implies that when a metamodel undergoes a modification, the conforming models require to be accordingly co-adapted. Analogously, whenever a new version of a model is produced, the generated application may require an explicit adaptation of the generated artifacts, especially when specific
assets are not directly reflected by the models and transformations, as for instance when dealing with serialized objects or with page content which is persistently stored in a database.
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
BREEDING METHODS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE.pptxRASHMI M G
Plant breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to reduce crop losses caused by disease. Plants have an innate immune system that allows them to recognize pathogens and provide resistance. However, breeding for long-lasting resistance often involves combining multiple resistance genes
2. 2
Informatics Europe
Chair Open Access task force
Italian GRIN
Coordinator Open Access working group
EiC, Journal of Object Technology
Platinum Open Access Journal since 2002
◦ founded by Bertrand Meyer and Richard Wiener
◦ self-managed platform, zero budget
Why I am engaged with Open Access
3. 3
While publishers are part of the research value chain, we should not
underestimate they are commercial players
Premise
4. 4
While publishers are part of the research value chain, we should not
underestimate they are commercial players
A sound and cost-effective decision-making process concerning the
relationship with scientific publishers is crucial for
◦ Appropriateness of the public spending
◦ Researchers' ethical posture
◦ Transparency
Premise
5. 5
While publishers are part of the research value chain, we should not
underestimate they are commercial players
A sound and cost-effective decision-making process concerning the
relationship with scientific publishers is crucial for
◦ Appropriateness of the public spending
◦ Researchers' ethical posture
◦ Transparency
Why this presentation?
Understanding how scientific publishing is defined and how the transition to
Open Access is inducing an epochal shift is very important.
7. 7
Awareness among university populations
Open Access 2016-2017 EUA Survey
Results, European University Association,
Feb 2018
https://www.eua.eu/downloads/publications/open
%20access%202016-
2017%20eua%20survey%20results.pdf
8. 8
Awareness among university populations
Open Access 2016-2017 EUA Survey
Results, European University Association,
Feb 2018
https://www.eua.eu/downloads/publications/open
%20access%202016-
2017%20eua%20survey%20results.pdf
young researchers are among the
most severely affected by the
transition to OA
10. 10
Open Access is inducing profound changes in
scientific publishing comparable to the introduction
of movable type printing (AD 1455) and the
transition to electronic publishing
Introduction
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stampa_a_caratteri_mobili
11. 11
Open Access is inducing profound changes in
scientific publishing comparable to the introduction
of movable type printing (AD 1455) and the
transition to electronic publishing
It will have a substantial impact on the
dissemination of knowledge and resources among
researchers
Introduction
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stampa_a_caratteri_mobili
12. 12
Open Access is inducing profound changes in
scientific publishing comparable to the introduction
of movable type printing (AD 1455) and the
transition to electronic publishing
It will have a substantial impact on the
dissemination of knowledge and resources among
researchers
Introduction
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stampa_a_caratteri_mobili
Global and local actions are needed
13. 13
Open Access permits to openly and instantly access without costs for
the reader research results and data
The basic principle is that the research outcome of public research
programs and agencies must be openly accessible
Open Access
Authors retain the copyright in their articles
14. 14
Open Access helps
enhance the dissemination on a
global scale
make research products
accessible to people in less
developed countries
reduce research duplication
support knowledge transfer
Open Access / objectives
support interdisciplinary research
make the research process more
transparent to the taxpayer
increase the use of scientific
contributions in teaching programs
make research results perpetual
15. 15
While Open Access removes the barriers to accessing research
products, it does not nullify the publication costs
How are costs covered?
Article Processing Charge (APC)
authors, institutions, projects, etc
hybrid and gold route
Community
non-profit organizations, academic or governmental institutions
Platinum/diamond model,
cost mutualization
Open Access / costs
16. 16
Open Access / models
Model Description APC
Hybrid Some subscription-based journals make papers openly accessible under the payment of
an APC.
yes
Green Some subscription-based journals permits the authors to distribute the products on
institutional platforms (e.g., ArXiv, PubMed), in some cases after 6-12 months from the
publication.
no
Gold All products are openly accessible. Publication costs are covered with APC usually paid by
the researcher institution or the funding agency. The APC does not automatically imply
the copyright non-transfer.
yes
Platinum or
Diamond
All products are openly accessible without any financial and temporal constraint.
Products are distributed with flexible and liberal copyright licenses, typically CC-BY.
Production costs are covered by non-profit organizations, academic or governmental
institutions.
no
Bronze Products are openly accessible on the site of the publisher without any specification
about the copyright license.
Black All products are openly accessible on platforms that distribute the content illegally. no
19. 19
Scientific publishing is the most lucrative
business activity, with a net profit of nearly 40%
◦ Such a circumstance is not the fault of the Open
Access movement per-se
However, the way Open Access is adopted helps
sustain and consolidate publishers' ludicrous
advantages at the expense of public research
spending
Publishing Market
20. 20
The market is defined by the goods that are exchanged
In scientific publishing, the good exchanged is knowledge
◦ scientific knowledge (contents), it is the research products
◦ bibliographic knowledge (indexing), knowing the existence of a research result
SCI-HUB is not like Google Scholar
Publishing Market
21. 21
The accesses in Italy and Europe explain researchers' needs
◦ It is not just a matter of Open Access
◦ The paywall model jeopardizes usability and immediacy
Sci-Hub combines open access and indexing
SHI-HUB
23. 23
«A free market is an economic system in which the prices of goods and
services are determined by supply and demand expressed by sellers and
buyers. […] In an idealized free market economy, prices for goods and
services are set solely by the bids and offers of the participants.»
The Myth of the free market
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_market
25. 25
Researchers produce knowledge led by the desire of
◦ disseminate the results of their research
◦ have a good evaluation
Other important players, who normally aim to maximize profits, are
◦ commercial publishers
◦ open archive managers
◦ social networks like ResearchGate
◦ search engines like Google Scholar
◦ discovery tools producers (and libraries), because scientific knowledge is easy to
access, but it is an experience good (a researcher would like to read only relevant
works)
Publishing Market / who are the actors?
26. 26
Researchers produce knowledge led by the desire of
◦ disseminate the results of their research
◦ have a good evaluation
Other important players, who normally aim to maximize profits, are
◦ commercial publishers
◦ open archive managers
◦ social networks like ResearchGate
◦ search engines like Google Scholar
◦ discovery tools producers (and libraries) because scientific knowledge is easy to
access, but it is an experience good – a researcher would like to read only relevant
works
Publishing Market / who are the players?
27. 27
The market is technically non-competitive because
◦ Part of production costs are fixed costs
Publishing Market
28. 28
Historically, most production costs were variable costs, depending on the
number of copies to be produced and the number of copies to be
distributed
Today, part of the cost is fixed and is related to the processing, production,
and distribution platform, but then the reproduction costs are nonexistent
Publishing Market / variable vs fixed costs
29. 29
Historically, most production costs were variable costs, depending on the
number of copies to be produced and the number of copies to be
distributed
Today, part of the cost is fixed and is related to the processing, production,
and distribution platform, but then the reproduction costs are nonexistent
Publishing Market / variable vs fixed costs
Costsand businessmodelsin
scientific researchpublishing– A
report commissioned by the
Wellcome Trust (2004)
30. 30
An inelastic market is a type of market where a change in price does not result in a
proportional change in demand
It occurs when there are limited substitutes for a product or when consumers are
particularly loyal to a particular brand or type of product
Publishing Market / an inelastic demand
31. 31
An inelastic market is a type of market where a change in price does result in a
non-proportional change in demand
This can occur when there are limited substitutes for a product or when consumers
are particularly loyal to a particular brand or type of product
Publishing Market / an inelastic demand
Is there any reasonable substitute
paper for the most cited paper of
David Parnas?
32. 32
The market is technically non-competitive because
◦ Part of production costs are fixed costs
◦ The demand is inelastic: publisher acts in an almost monopoly regime
Publishing Market
33. 33
Publishers are mainly selling
◦ Contents, the research products
◦ Organization of the activities, content collection, and platform
◦ Certification based on the reputation of the publisher, its journals, and
editorial series consolidated over time
Publishers produce the organization and provide the certification; the
content is the responsibility of the researchers
Publishing Market / what publishers sell?
34. 34
While the publishers are commercial competitors, scientific publishing
represents a non-competitive market characterized by
Publishing Market / non-competitiveness
35. 35
While the publishers are commercial competitors, scientific publishing
market is characterized by
Little or no competition, consequently no need for investments
Higher prices than in a competitive market, less value for money
Less incentive for business innovation
Concentration of economic power in the hands of a few large companies or
individuals
Publishing Market / non-competitiveness
36. 36
75% of European spending on scientific
journals goes to ‹‹big five›› publishers
Publishing Market / the big five
Elsevier has a 25% share of publications
but 42.4% of costs. Springer Nature has
a 14.2% share of publications but an
11.8% share of costs.
37. 37
75% of European spending on scientific
journals goes to ‹‹big five›› publishers
Publishing Market / the big five
Elsevier has a 25% share of publications
but 42.4% of costs. Springer Nature has
a 14.2% share of publications but an
11.8% share of costs.
38. 38
To understand how profitable a company is, divide profit by revenue to obtain the
net margin
Publishing Market / how profitable?
39. 39
To understand how profitable a company is, divide profit by revenue to obtain the
net margin
Publishing Market / how profitable?
Elsevier’s net margin is 982/2,637, which is 37,23% in 2019 (38% in 2020)
40. 40
No industry is so spectacolarly profitable!
Publishing Market / how profitable?
https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/Ne
w_Home_Page/datafile/margin.html
42. 42
Ideally, if the buyers join together they can potentially obtain conditions
that tend to the competitive ones.
What we can do?
43. 43
Ideally, if the buyers join together they can potentially obtain conditions
that tend to the competitive ones.
What we can do?
Is this not what the Italian CRUI-CARE is supposed to do?
45. 45
Plan S is an initiative launched by a cOAlition S, a
coalition of European research funders to make
scientific publications Open Access by default
The plan requires scientists and researchers who benefit from state-
funded research organisations and institutions to publish their work in
open repositories or in journals that are available to all
Plan-S
48. 48
Among other objectives, Plan-S aims at a fair APC level
Such a goal is pursued by letting the contrasting market forces reach an
equilibrium instead of introducing market regulations
Plan-S / fair retribution
49. 49
Among other objectives, Plan-S aims at a fair APC level
Such a goal is pursued by letting the contrasting market forces reach an
equilibrium instead of introducing market regulations
Plan-S / fair retribution
Unfortunately, it is mainly tailored for the Gold route!
51. 51
Open Access shifts the costs from the reader to the writer
◦ Subscription costs are managed in a centralized way, while research funds are
managed in a more heterogeneous way
◦ Funds for subscription costs need to be rearranged because who reads is
different from who writes
We have to understand the impact of
◦ Article Processing Charge (APC)
◦ Transformative agreements
◦ Big deals
Problems
52. 52
Requiring authors to pay to communicate their results introduces a
financial bias
Publishers are incentivized to accept more papers
Authors can be invited on a financial basis – they can afford the APC, or their
institution has a transformative agreement, big deal
Problems / APC
53. 53
Publishers may be incentivized to accept papers because the more they
publish, the more they earn
◦ IEEE Access published 17,927 papers in 2021 only!
Individual journals might be induced to adopt practices and processes where
effectiveness prevails over quality
◦ review processes are getting shorter and shorter
◦ greater pressure is exerted on reviewers and editors
Financial Bias
Year Number of published papers #papers x APC
2021 12,471 > 21 mio $
2020 17,927 > 31 mio $
2019 15,341 > 28 mio $
56. 56
Transformative agreements are part of the
arrangements
◦ driving the transition from read-only to read & write
contracts
◦ aiming at fair retributions for publishers
Problems / Transformative Agreements
58. 58
An all-or-nothing contractual model that prescribes buying the entire
catalog of the publisher
Advantages:
lower cost per item
increase in the scientific documentation offered to users
substantial management simplification
Problems / Big deals
59. 59
An all-or-nothing contractual model that prescribes buying the entire
catalog of the publisher
Advantages:
lower cost per item
increase in the scientific documentation offered to users
substantial management simplification
Disadvantages:
contractual inflexibility, purchasing what is not needed
progressive increase in prices that are not always sustainable
forcing libraries to renounce increasingly other types of bibliographic materials
Problems / Big deals
61. 61
The total expenditure for electronic bibliographic resources in Italy
◦ More than 98% is invested in international asset purchases
◦ Almost 70% is invested in the three biggest big deals
The OA has entered into negotiations
◦ First, with the green road with the aim of being able to deposit articles in Open
Access in institutional repositories
◦ Today also, with the Gold route
Big Deals
62. 62
Shifting the costs from readers to authors introduces more than the
problems (Gold and Hybrid) Open Access solves
Conclusions
63. 63
Shifting the costs from readers to authors introduces more than the
problems (Gold and Hybrid) Open Access solves
◦ APC introduces a financial bias
◦ It creates an authorial subclass: researchers in less developed countries can
freely access papers but have financial barriers to publishing
◦ Geopolitical issues, even within the EU
Conclusions
64. 64
Shifting the costs from readers to authors introduces more than the
problems (Gold and Hybrid) Open Access solves
◦ APC introduces a financial bias
◦ It creates an authorial subclass: researchers in less developed countries can
freely access papers but have financial barriers to publishing
◦ Geopolitical issues, even within the EU
The devil is in the details
◦ LIPIcs Processing Charge is 60 E, from their site:
Conclusions
65. 65
The publishers don’t share the market, they partition it
◦ The free market only partly applies here
◦ Huge profits are made at the expense of research funding
The market is in the hands of a few players that
◦ Increasingly incorporate smaller initiatives
◦ Become larger and larger, and
◦ Offer less contractable deals to libraries
Conclusions
66. 66
While publishers are highly speculative, they are part of the research
value chain
◦ The certification role is strictly intertwined with the research assessment
procedures and researchers' evaluation
We cannot renounce the role of publishers
◦ However, we need to be aware of the risks and identify mitigation actions
◦ Their mission (high profit) contrasts with ours
Conclusions
67. 67
Not easy to identify specific actions; whatever proposal we come up
with requires a general commitment and engagement
This presentation triggers more questions than answers, which gives a
measure of how much the ecosystem is jeopardized
What can we do?
69. 69
Information and awareness are key!
The trend is toward fewer players and a higher market concentration
Less market concentration, more players
Contrast big deals whenever possible: not all institutions need and can afford
big deal contracts
What can we do?
70. 70
Mitigate the financial bias
◦ New cost models – APC is a scam because it is related to the reputation of the
journal or publisher and not to the actual cost
◦ Mutualization of costs
◦ Community editorial initiatives
Let transformative agreements work
◦ Transformative agreements as a means for fair compensation do not work
◦ The publishing market is peculiar, market regulatory policies initiatives should
be considered
What can we do?
71. 71
New high-quality editorial initiatives proposed by communities are not
infrequent, especially in more theoretical fields
They have to be sustained in terms of
Visibility and recognizability, we need an umbrella that makes them easily
identifiable, whether it be a trademark, a certification, or a new publisher
should be understood
Technical platform and support, who wants to initiate a journal must count on
ready-to-go platforms conforming to the standards, eg PJP/OJS
A quality model, the intrinsic quality of a journal depends on the practices and
processes besides ethical aspects
What can we do?
72. 73
Any evaluation process that introduces quantitative tools can be
exploited as trojan horses for entering the market
◦ research assessment makes use of qualitative and quantitative methods
◦ regardless of whether the assessment comprehends the quality and
significance of individual publications or not, bibliometrics represents a
vulnerability
While bibliometrics is a useful tool, researchers get acquainted with it
and might manipulate it, eg self-citation, pool publishing
Predatory publishers can be functional to such an unethical posture
How predatory journals approach the system
74. 75
● Plan-S timing, ie. Jan 1, 2021, is critical
● Cost distribution is established by Plan-S: all must publish OA
○ how?
○ All must publish OA or all must publish OA on journals with
comparable quality to that of paywall journals?
● APC
○ Fair APC level
○ regulating or competing?
● What the market will do?
Plan-S
75. 76
● Research Assessment Agencies will consider only OA products
(e.g. UK RAE, Italian ANVUR)
● If they align to Plan-S, then
– Green OA products will be considered until 2024
– After that only Gold OA products will be evaluated
● Research communities might not be represented by available
OA Journals
Problems
76. 77
● CC BY
● CC BY-NC
● CC BY-ND
● CC BY-SA
● CC BY-NC-SA
● CC BY-NC-ND
Creative Commons Licenses
77.
78. 79
◦ Analizzare costi e benefici delle diverse scelte
◦ Definire una strategia a livello nazionale
‒Transformative Agreements
◦ Coordinare le azioni con quelle dei principali partner a livello
internazionale ed europeo
◦ Poiché gli editori vendono prevalentemente certificazione,
occorre coordinare le azioni con le agenzie di valutazione
COSA FARE
79. 80
◦ I transformative agreement consentono di
‒ricontrattare le condizioni di accesso per le sottoscrizioni esistenti
‒contrattare i costi APC in maniera da non avere un maggiore aggravio
◦ Casi di successo
‒Max Planck, Norvegia
◦ Fallimenti
‒University of California, Caltech, University of Maryland, University of Konstanz,
Université de Montréal, and the National System of Peru
TRANSFORMATIVE AGREEMENT
80. 81
◦ Sono contratti che seguono un modello contrattuale detto big deal
con i quali si accede all’intero catalogo della casa editrice.
◦ Vantaggi:
‒abbassamento del costo per articolo
‒aumento della documentazione scientifica offerta agli utenti
‒sostanziale semplificazione gestionale
◦ Svantaggi:
‒rigidità contrattuali
‒progressivo aumento dei prezzi che le università non riescono sempre a
sostenere.
◦ che stanno obbligando le biblioteche universitarie a rinunciare in
modo sempre più vistoso all’acquisto di materiali bibliografici di
altro tipo (monografie in primo luogo).
BIG DEAL
81. 82
◦ Se consideriamo la spesa complessiva per contratti di risorse
bibliografiche elettroniche in Italia
‒Oltre il 98% è investito in acquisto di risorse internazionali
‒Quasi il 70% è investito nel tre maggiori big deal
◦ L’OA è entrato nelle contrattazioni
‒dapprima con la green road con l’obiettivo di poter depositare gli articoli in accesso
aperto presso repository istituzionali
‒oggi anche con la gold road
◦ Iniziative
‒2015: Max Planck Library ha lanciato la OA2020 Initiative
‒2018: Plan-S
INIZIATIVE EUROPEE
82. 83
◦ Per promuovere la trasformazione delle riviste scientifiche dal
sistema a sottoscrizione (paywall) a nuovi modelli di
pubblicazione in accesso aperto
Schimmer, Ralf, Kai Karin Geschuhn, and Andreas Vogler. "Disrupting the
subscription journals’ business model for the necessary large-scale transformation
to open access." (2015).
◦ All’iniziativa hanno aderito 136 istituzioni accademiche da tutto
il mondo, per l’Italia la CRUI, l’INFN, e la Fondazione Telethon
OA2020 INITIATIVE
83. 84
◦ Plan-S è stato lanciato nel 2018 da cOAlition-S un
raggruppamento internazionale (coordinato da Science Europe)
di enti finanziatori della ricerca
By 2020 scientific publications that result from research funded by public grants
provided by participating national and European research councils and funding
bodies, must be published in compliant Open Access Journals or on compliant Open
Access Platforms.
◦ Per l’Italia l’INFN e la Compagnia di San Paolo
PLAN-S
84. 85
◦ Analizzare costi e benefici delle diverse scelte
◦ Definire una strategia a livello nazionale
‒Transformative Agreements
◦ Coordinare le azioni con quelle dei principali partner a livello
internazionale ed europeo
◦ Poiché gli editori vendono prevalentemente certificazione,
occorre coordinare le azioni con le agenzie di valutazione
COSA FARE
85. 86
◦ I transformative agreement consentono di
‒ricontrattare le condizioni di accesso per le sottoscrizioni esistenti
‒contrattare i costi APC in maniera da non avere un maggiore aggravio
◦ Casi di successo
‒Max Planck, Norvegia
◦ Fallimenti
‒University of California, Caltech, University of Maryland, University of Konstanz,
Université de Montréal, and the National System of Peru
TRANSFORMATIVE AGREEMENT
86. 87
◦ Sono contratti che seguono un modello contrattuale detto big deal
con i quali si accede all’intero catalogo della casa editrice.
◦ Vantaggi:
‒abbassamento del costo per articolo
‒aumento della documentazione scientifica offerta agli utenti
‒sostanziale semplificazione gestionale
◦ Svantaggi:
‒rigidità contrattuali
‒progressivo aumento dei prezzi che le università non riescono sempre a
sostenere.
◦ che stanno obbligando le biblioteche universitarie a rinunciare in
modo sempre più vistoso all’acquisto di materiali bibliografici di
altro tipo (monografie in primo luogo).
BIG DEAL
87. 88
◦ Se consideriamo la spesa complessiva per contratti di risorse
bibliografiche elettroniche in Italia
‒Oltre il 98% è investito in acquisto di risorse internazionali
‒Quasi il 70% è investito nel tre maggiori big deal
◦ L’OA è entrato nelle contrattazioni
‒dapprima con la green road con l’obiettivo di poter depositare gli articoli in accesso
aperto presso repository istituzionali
‒oggi anche con la gold road
◦ Iniziative
‒2015: Max Planck Library ha lanciato la OA2020 Initiative
‒2018: Plan-S
INIZIATIVE EUROPEE
88. 89
◦ Per promuovere la trasformazione delle riviste scientifiche dal
sistema a sottoscrizione (paywall) a nuovi modelli di
pubblicazione in accesso aperto
Schimmer, Ralf, Kai Karin Geschuhn, and Andreas Vogler. "Disrupting the
subscription journals’ business model for the necessary large-scale transformation
to open access." (2015).
◦ All’iniziativa hanno aderito 136 istituzioni accademiche da tutto
il mondo, per l’Italia la CRUI, l’INFN, e la Fondazione Telethon
OA2020 INITIATIVE
89. 90
◦ Plan-S è stato lanciato nel 2018 da cOAlition-S un
raggruppamento internazionale (coordinato da Science Europe)
di enti finanziatori della ricerca
By 2020 scientific publications that result from research funded by public grants
provided by participating national and European research councils and funding
bodies, must be published in compliant Open Access Journals or on compliant Open
Access Platforms.
◦ Per l’Italia l’INFN e la Compagnia di San Paolo
PLAN-S
90. 91
◦ What percentage of the scholarly literature is OA, and how does this percentage vary
according to publisher, discipline, and publication year?
‒ 27.9% of all DOI-assigned journal articles are OA
OA PERCENTAGE
Piwowar, Heather, et al. "The state of OA: a large-scale analysis
of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles." PeerJ 6
(2018): e4375.
91. 92
◦ Are OA papers more highly-cited than their toll-access counter
parts?
OA PAPERS CITATION
Piwowar, Heather, et al. "The state of OA: a large-scale analysis
of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles." PeerJ 6
(2018): e4375.
93. 94
◦ Raccomandazione UE 17 luglio 2012 sull’accesso
all’informazione scientifica e sulla sua conservazione
(2012/417/UE) in GUCE L 194/39 del 21 luglio 2012 nella
–La Commissione UE chiede, per il tramite degli Stati membri, alle
istituzioni di ricerca e accademiche di definire e attuare politiche per la
diffusione delle pubblicazioni scientifiche e l’accesso aperto alle stesse
nonché politiche per la conservazione a lungo termine delle pubblicazioni
scientifiche. La presente politica tiene anche conto di quanto dispone
l’art. 4, comma 2 e 4, del DL n. 91/2013 convertito con modifiche in L. n.
112/2013.
◦ Dichiarazione di Berlino (2009)
◦ Dichiarazione di Messina 2.0 (2014)
RIFERIMENTI NORMATIVI
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Primary colors
◦
Secondary colors
Terziary colors
Elements / color scheme
Ottanio
#094F6D
Goldpalm
#F6C35A
Gray
#D9D9D9
Light Azure
#90C5E2
Azure
#55A2D8
Azure
#D9D9D9 / 25%
Green
#D9D9D9 / 25%
Red
#D9D9D9 / 25%
95. 96
Terziary colors
Elements / color scheme / example
Azure
#D9D9D9 / 25%
Green
#D9D9D9 / 25%
Red
#D9D9D9 / 25%
25% trasparency
96. 97
Elements / highlighted boxes
From this morning session:
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets of behavior ~ Assaf
Current systems are chaotic but are also event-driven ~ Serge
From this morning session:
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets
of behavior ~ Assaf
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets
of behavior ~ Assaf
A short sentence on two
lines
A shorter sentence
keyword
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets of behavior ~ Assaf
Current systems are chaotic but are also event-driven ~ Serge
97. 98
Elements / disabled boxes
From this morning session:
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets of behavior ~ Assaf
Current systems are chaotic but are also event-driven ~ Serge
From this morning session:
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets
of behavior ~ Assaf
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets
of behavior ~ Assaf
A short sentence on two
lines
A shorter sentence
keyword
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets of behavior ~ Assaf
Current systems are chaotic but are also event-driven ~ Serge
98. 99
Elements / outlined boxes
From this morning session:
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets of behavior ~ Assaf
Current systems are chaotic but are also event-driven ~ Serge
From this morning session:
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets
of behavior ~ Assaf
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets
of behavior ~ Assaf
A short sentence on two
lines
A shorter sentence
keyword
Many computerized systems have complex continuous facets of behavior ~ Assaf
Current systems are chaotic but are also event-driven ~ Serge
99. 100
Elements / outlined boxes
Local and Global actions are needed
Authors retain the copyright in their articles
106. 107
A coordinated set of scenes that can be associated with a slide in order
to stress a message, as for instance in the followings
Elements / vignettes 1
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Elements / Letter tags
A A A A A A A A
A B C D E F G I
H L M N O
P Q R S T U V W Z
J K X Y
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8
7 9
A B C D E F G I
H L M N O
P Q R S T U V W Z
J K X Y
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8
7 9