Presentation made by Margaret Catley-Carlson, the Patron of the GWP, GWP Consulting Partners Meeting, 26. August 2012, Stockholm, Sweden

1. 2020 Vision:
The Future of Water
sTOCKHOLM, 2012
Margaret Catley-Carlson,
The Challenge for GWP.
Margaret Catley-Carlson
GWP 2nd annual lecture
Stockholm, August 2012
1

2. Water will still be there…
• Different weather events
• Flood and drought risk changes
• New sea level and saline risks
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• More threats to water sources
• Groundwater –major focus area
• Per person availability……
• Situation will be MUCH tougher
2

3. Margaret Catley-Carlson,
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4. Margaret Catley-Carlson,
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5. Water use patterns will shift a little
• Much more emphasis on water saving
techniques
• Energy installations
• New agriculture techniques
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Water Re-Use
• Urban, agricultural, industrial
• More policy attention.
•Implementation? 5

6. CONTINUING PROGRESS ON POLICY SIDE>>>>>
IMPLEMENTATION???
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
6

7. Progress more likely for DCs than LDCs
National/Federal Integrated
Water Resources Management
Plan(s) or Equivalent: The
current status of the main plans
that include integrated
approaches to water resources
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7

8. We will still be managing water
badly
• Pollution vs development
• Undercharging
• Degrading municipal systems
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• 3x cost of reaching MDG to maintain
capacity to do so: OECD
• Over abstraction and deltas
• Fragmented accountability
8

9. AND …… MORE PLAYERS ARE WORRIED.
USA Intelligence Community Assessment
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10. Clearly this is a problem with local and
global impact:
Does this mean Impetus for Global
solutions?
• from Rio+20? – not encouaging.
• “World’s longest suicide note.”
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• Did reaffirm 2002 JPI
• …”the development of integrated water resource management
and water efficiency plans, ensuring sustainable water use”, with
countries committing to “significantly improve the implementation
of integrated water resource management at all levels”
(Ref.paragraph 120 of the Rio+20 declaration).
• End of an era?
10

11. End of an era?
• Mega Conference, mega resolutions
• Still essential to set policy umbrella
• not all that successful on action
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• BRICs – big multilateralists?
• Rio - Like Copenhagen –
• bit of fizzle
• Durban……Cancun – local focus
• Big opportunity for GWP
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12. New Impetus?
• GWP – knows a lot
• Knows local policy
• Knows local players
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Knows and documents global best
practice
• Knows partnership potentials 12

13. GWP - Looking at the right
areas
• Water and climate change
• Integrated urban water management
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Water and food security
• Water and energy security
• Water financing
• Transboundary water management 13

14. Inside two of these issue areas…..
• Water and food and energy – the so
called Nexus
• Recall s IWRM – push for integration
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• Not all of the IWRM elements as seen by
GWP
14

15. A VERY LOCAL ISSUE WATER FOR FOOD,
WATER FOR ENERGY, WATER FOR HUMAN
SETTLEMENTS.
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16. Rising food security concerns
It takes a litre of water toMargaret Catley-Carlson, calorie, on average
produce every
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17. How much more water for
cereals?
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
Food demand doubles over the next 50 because of diet
and population 17
Water Needs (ET) will double – without water
productivity gains

18. ANSWERS don’t always improve things…. Biofuels: India: and in
2030 (WaterSim analysis : IWMI). Green solution with blue impacts
Water for biofuels*
Water for food and feed today
Future water for
food, CA scenario
Approaching
No water scarcity Water scarce
water
scarcity
0% 60% 75% 100%
% of potentially utilizable waterMargaret Catley-Carlson,
withdrawn for human purposes 18
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*Assumes that 10% of gasoline demand is met by biofuels by 2030

19. ANSWERS don’t always improve things…. Biofuels: India: and
in 2030 (WaterSim analysis : IWMI). Green solution with blue
impacts
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20. Margaret Catley-Carlson,
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21. Margaret Catley-Carlson,
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22. The other energy dilemma
• 3bn people using traditional biomass for cooking and
heating, and the 1.4bn who lack electricity, “green”,
“sustainable”, “eco” and “clean”
• In Asia – brown cloud of smog
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• Major health and mortality threat
• A vivid example of why we cannot dismiss the need
of poor
• We need Green Growth –
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23. Water for People…..
Margaret Catley-Carlson,
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24. Margaret Catley-Carlson,
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25. What Has To Happen?
3 Ways of looking at a single answer
# 1 – Integrate Water Energy and Agriculture
Mgmt.
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26.  Agricultu
 Industry
_
 Municipa
 Supply
Cost ofIndia, Below
(for additional

 National river linking project (NRLP)
 Pre-harvest treatment
water  Municipal dams
availability in 2030 Deep groundwater
 0.80
USD/m3  Gap in 2030 = 755,800 million m3  Ag rainwater harvesting
 Cost to close gap = USD 5.9 billion  Aquifer recharge small
 0.10 Infrastructure rehabilitation

 Large infrastructure
 Shallow groundwater
 0.08  Rainfed germplasm  Wastewater reuse
 0.06
 Irrigated IPM
Irrigated germplasm
 0.04
 Drip irrigation  Increm
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 0.02 ental
 0 availabi
lity
-0.02  250  500  750  1,000  1,250
 Billion
-0.04  Desalination
m3
-0.06  Increase fertilizer use  (thermal)
Desalination
 Industrial levers  Reduce losses (reverse
Sprinkler irrigation
 Rainfed drainage

 Irrigated drainage  Artificial recharge  osmosis) canal
On-farm
Rainfed fertilizer balance
  System of rice
 Small infrastructure lining
intensification  Genetic crop development – rainfed  Post-harvest
 (SRI)
Irrigated fertilizer balance  Rainfed integrated pest management (IPM) treatment
Rainwater harvest
Municipal26
 Reduced over-irrigation  Last mile infrastructure  harves
 No-till  Genetic crop development - irrigated 
farming leakage
SOURCE: 2030 Water Resources Group

27. #3 Manage from General
Principles
broad but useful
• 1. Reduce demand for water and energy through
increased water-energy efficiency, better agricultural
water and rationalized municipal use
• 2. Invest in research and development into water,
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energy, agricultural technologies
• 3. Develop and implement practical sustainability tools
and standards
• 4. Take an integrated approach to policy-making,
planning and management in the water and energy
sectors – where possible, agriculture
• 5. Policies promoting efficient use of resources and
sustainable practice need to be complemented by 27
integrated incentive and regulatory structures

28. Back to GWP
• Right ingredients for high relevancy.
• Good policy sense
• Looking at the right issues.
• Looking at the right part of the problem?
• The big challenges
sTOCKHOLM, 2012
Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Getting excellent at partnerships
• Issue focused, short term, mutual interests
• Acquiring real expertise in implementation
• How to make it happen, partners and pressure pts
• Study SUCCESSS - talk about it, make it the central
focus. What made it happen? 28
• Solve Problems – not just policies and frameworks.

29. ‘
Stories of things
that are working –
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now
29

30. Australia-”nothing like a
nt
drought”. nitiat
ive im
p leme
I
al W ater ed
g bas rural and
n in
an Nationner d plann ces for
u stralilined ma ulatory anr resour
the A discip g
et, reroundwa
te
sf r om s i n a ark
tractreform
Ex r le, m ce and g ements; g;
tib rfa
t
enefi s;
pa l cb
wate ally-com ging su cess entit er plannin her publi practice
n a c t t t
•natiom of mant water a based wa tal and onagemen overused
syste n use tha tatutory- vironmenental ma cated or ction; f
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
u rba n t, s or en ironm r-a llo f extra en ing o
spare rovision f ved env ently ove levels o and deep
•Tran ory p ro rr le g
ut , and imp n of all cu ustainab roadenin
•Stat mes ur y -s rb
ou tco e ret nmentall
e th viro in wate eeds
of
et de n
o m p l s t o en
•C m rs to tra mation in
ys te of b arrie of risk he infor ation
s t t ov
oval market
•Rem ater sig nmen e to meet an d i nn
t he as ch is abl fici ency
the w around g whi u se ef
•C larity ccountin te w ater
er a water
•Wat rent facilita 30
w h i ch ;
diffe settings l areas
y a
•Policn and rur
urba

31. Cambodia – Phnom Penh Authority
transformed 1993-2009
• Connections X 7;
• NRW fell 73% to 6%,
• collection efficiency- 8% to 99.9%,
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• total revenues 300,000 to $25 million, with an
$8 million operating surplus
• utility is now self-financing.
• Virtuous circle: Tariffs increased now held constant
combination of service expansion, reduced water
losses and high collection rates has guaranteed a
31
sufficient cash flow for debt repayment as well as
capital expenditure.

32. Philippines
• Balibago Waterworks Systems,
• serves around 70,000 customers in a rural area of the
Philippines.
• Panlilio’s grows his business by going out to adjacent
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towns and villages and asking whether they would
like a piped water supply.
• They are shown the regulator’s schedule of tariffs,
and then if they want piped water and are prepared
to pay for it, they get it.
• It is an attractive proposition for communities which
might previously have relied on hand pumps and
wells, and it makes good money for Balibago’s 32
investors.

33. Extending Water Service to improve general
resource management. - meters
• Smart meters –
• radio transmitters in meters
• real time data, even out demand,
• early detection of leaks, calibrate the energy demand
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• flood indicators, groundwater quality
• Malta is now totally smart metered,
• iintegrating both water and power systems.
• able to identify water leaks and electricity losses in the grid,
• plan investments, set variable rates, reward customers
• But the big issues: policies, acceptability, communication 33

34. Cities as Their Own Catchments
• institutional, sector reforms, and improved water quality towards
more efficient water uses and values
• Policies recognizing inter-agency/multi-
stakeholder cooperation and coordination;
enforcement and management,
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• Move from traditional single objective spending
• investing in runoff reduction and storm water management strategies
• multiple benefits.
• sewage and storm water and rainwater are valued as resources for
irrigation and other uses,
• reducing conventional water supply network
• more water for environmental flows and ecosystem services.
• Livelihood opportunities of the various (peri) urban communities 34

35. Queensland Australia – Luggage
Point
• Treats wastewater to provide a reliable
source of water for power production,
and to augment drinking water supplies
and to return water t environment
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Incorporates innovative treatment technologies
• Queensland Government Completed June 2011 CH2M
HILL
• The Luggage Point plant is a major component of the
Western Corridor Recycled Water Project, undertaken to
address acute water shortages and continued population growth.
35

36. MASDAR , A SUSTAINABLE CITY IN ABU
DHABI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
• City will rely entirely on renewable
energy sources, with a sustainable,
zero-carbon, zero-waste ecology
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• $22 billion
• water portfolio management principles to treat all parts
of the water cycle as potential resources. This approach
includes aggressive use of a variety of water sources,
including groundwater, seawater, surface runoff,
rainwater harvesting, dew/fog capture, grey water
reuse, black water reuse, and resource recovery for urine 36
streams.

37. GIPPSLAND WATER, VICTORIA
AUSTRALIA
• New 35 ML/day Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) wastewater
treatment plant to treat effluent from Australian Paper
municipal effluent from three communities industrial and
municipal effluent disposal in the Latrobe Valley region
• Provide high quality reclaimed water for use within
Australian Paper’s Mary vale plant, enabling plant expansion
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Upgrade of the Dutson Downs wastewater treatment facility
to permit reuse of effluent
• co generation and hydropower facilities to reduce the
greenhouse gas impact of the project energy consumption
• community awareness about water
conservation and sustainable water 37
management

38. Atotonilco Wastewater Treatment
Plant
• largest of its kind on the planet and one of the largest-
ever Mexican works.
• wastewater treatment for 10.5 million inhabitants.
• Treated effluent will flow into irrigation channels for
local farmers to use free of charge.
• More than 90 percent of Mexico City’s wastewater
is currently piped north to Hidalgo state to be used
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untreated for alfalfa irrigation, which poses serious
health and environmental problems.
The Atotonilco WWTP will provide a safe, reliable
supply of irrigation water, conserving freshwater
resources
38

39. Alberta – watershed
monitoring
•Two Alberta Watershed Councils (WPACs)
• pursuing the transparency and management tools
that online digital reporting enables.
• State of the Watershed reporting is moving to
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an online digital (monitoring data based)
• Indicators/thresholds/targets are being
developed
• Talk of a common suite of indicators for
monitoring and inclusion in systems for
Alberta
39

40. COLORADO :MULTI-OBJECTIVE
PERFORMANCE
• Colorado River is managed for many objectives
• agricultural, municipal, and industrial users,
hydroelectric power, recreation, fish and
wildlife, flood control, and water quality.
• performance of various water management
strategies will be evaluated against metrics
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
currently being developed for each of these
objectives.
• Diverse group of stakeholders consisting of
federal, state, tribal, and local interests is being
assembled to define standardized metrics to
40
evaluate risks to the various resources.

41. Colorado, continued
• evaluate current and future demands in the basin.
• evaluating and synthesizing demands
• Basin, non-consumptive demands such as hydropower,
recreation, instream flows, and cooling,
• projections to reflect scenarios of future growth, land
use, water use efficiency, and technology.
• Unique to this study, demands are being indexed for
future climate scenarios
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• current and future imbalances in water supply and demand
in the Colorado River Basin and the adjacent areas of the
Basin States that receive Colorado River water.
• uncertainty in supply and demands over the next 50 years,
adaptation and mitigation strategies to resolve the
imbalances. CH2M
41

42. Waste Water Treatment/Harvesting
– Not New but more exciting
• Namibia, early world leaders - Singapore, parts
of China and even the USA, starting in San Diego
• Rotterdam powers buses with waste water
energy recapture.
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Sweden and Germany - ambitious directives to
recycle up to 60% of wastewater phosphorus,
• ½ returned to farms
• rest to pastures or forest plantations.
• France – this year – break even point.
42

43. Pollution control – New Agric and
New Energy can solve water problems
• Eutrophication -. The future can look different:
• Urea Deep placement techniques
• add as much as 25% to farmer income,
• increase the percentage of nitrogen taken up by
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
plants, and
• significantly reduce ‘normal’ nitrogen flow into water
and soil – a main source of the environmental
problem of blue green algae
• Literally millions of waste-fuelled gas methane
burners supply energy to rural areas.
43
• Maybe new partnerships???????

44. Not all Mega scale…Remember the
other Energy Crisis
• Decentralized waste water treatment –
energy capture
• 38 Case Studies on Decentralized Wastewater
Treatment
sTOCKHOLM, 2012
Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Now Available on the WaterWikiA
• decentralized wastewater treatment solutions
from sanitation projects in Cambodia, Lao,
Vietnam and Philippines is now available on the
WaterWiki.
• .
44

45. Breweries, Prisons,
Skyscrapers
• October 2010 Adnans Brewery – UK biomethane from brewery and
food waste delivered its biomethane to the gas grid.
• Kenyan Prisons
• Water used to transport the prisoners' waste to the biogas plant is
recycled and can be reused for agricultural purposes.
• Substitution of firewood with biogas as fuel in the prison reduces
deforestation
• helping to reduce drought, which in turn helps to improve food
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
security.
• Le Solaire – 20 River Terrace, NYC
• 27 story, 293 units: now 35% less energy, reduces peak
electricity demand by 65%, 50% less potable water
• Rainwater collected for irrigation of green roof with water
retention layer
• 10,000 gallon storm water tank separates sediment, treats 45
water.
• No uptake of city water for outdoor use.

46. Six Marseilles Commitments on Water-Energy
Nexus link
• TARGET 1 – WATER SHOULD SAVE ENERGY;
• Create a typology of measures implemented by public
authorities and water utilities in cities totaling 500 million
inhabitants, aiming at a minimal improvement of 20% of
energy efficiency of municipal water and wastewater
systems by 2020 compared to 1990 level.
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• International Water Association –( IWA) Paul Reiter - Ger Bergkamp
• paul.reiter@iwahq.org -Ger.Bergkamp@iwahq.org
• Target 2 - – DESALINATION SHOULD BE ENERGY CHEAPER.
• Energy Task Force, to develop a guide allowing 20%
energy reduction in desalination by 2015
• International Desalination Association (IDA) Leon Awerbuch
• letleon@comcast.net 46

47. •T
arg
wa et 3 :
t
vol er nex off gri
• E atility t to d is
lect res their olated
p.d ricien ilie re c
esr
oqu s Sa nt e siden omm
es@ ns Fro nergy tial lo unitie
•T la p n s c s
arg ost tières ource ation will h
for et 4 : e.n
et (ESF) s , th a
rou ve ac
eva B Ph i c
• E lua y 201 lipp gh
affo ess to
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
DF tion 5, e eD
Lau esr rda d
lau
ren ren and stab oqu ble rinkin
t.be t Belle rep lish
ort a co
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llet t ing
@e
df.f of t ncept
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ter ork

48. ‘
• Target 5: By 2015, with the aim to measure and guide sustainability
performance
• preparation, implementation and operation of hydropower facilities in
at least 20 countries covering the world’s five major regions,
• utilize a hydropower sustainability assessment tool, developed through
a multistakeholder process, and covering economic, social and
environmental dimensions.
• International Hydropower Association (IHA) Richard Taylor
• rmt@hydropower.org;
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Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• TARGET 6 – A PLATFORM FOR OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES, THEIR
PARTNERS AND CUSTOMERS TO DISC USS WATER SPIN OFFS& gas
professionals from International Oil Companies, National companies
• Oil Companies, Service Companies & International Trade
• Associations to drive responsible water management in oil &
• gas exploration and production is operational. This platform
• will address water use, impact, opportunities, assessing
• performance 48

49. Back to GWP
• Right ingredients for high relevancy.
• Good policy sense
• Looking at the right issues.
• Looking at the right part of the problem?
• The big challenges
sTOCKHOLM, 2012
Margaret Catley-Carlson,
• Getting excellent at partnerships
• Issue focused, short term, mutual interests
• Acquiring real expertise in implementation
• How to make it happen, partners and pressure pts
• Study SUCCESSS - talk about it, make it the central
focus. What made it happen? 49
• Solve Problems – not just policies and frameworks.

50. Margaret Catley-Carlson,
50
SAWEF, April 2012