This document discusses the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) and their impact on society. It notes that thinkers in the 1960s and 1970s first theorized that industrial societies would transition to post-industrial or information societies driven by new technologies. The document then outlines major ICT initiatives and agreements at the European and international level from the 1990s through 2010s that aimed to expand access to ICT infrastructure and their social and economic benefits. Overall, the document provides a brief historical overview of the development of ICT and societal shifts toward information societies over the last several decades.

1. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬3
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة.ة.ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬2013/2014
‫ةةةةةةة‬ ‫ة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ ‫ة.ةةةةة‬

2. ‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
2

3. 3
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬ ‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬ ‫ةةةةةةة‬ ‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
1 1 ‫ة‬2 48 ‫ة.ة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬-
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬ )‫ةة‬ (‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫"ةةةةةةةةة‬–"‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ ":"‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة-ةةةةةةةة‬:'‫'ةةةةةةةةة‬
Technétronique Bzrezinsky la République de Platon à la société de De
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‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬)S.M.S.I(
•‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫)ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬(‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫)ة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬(...
•‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ -)‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -(...
•‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةةة‬ ---
•‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
•‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةةة‬

4. ‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ . (TIC)
‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ .
‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬ .
4

5. ‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
Eric George :Professeurs école des medias UQAM ,Canada
Fabien Granjon :Sociologue chercheur “usage sociaux des tic
‫ةةةةة‬
.
.
.
.
leadership.
.
.
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6. .
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
.
.
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A/RES/60/252 ‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ :
.
.
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ :
.
.
:
6

7. -
-
.
.
-
voir Richta, (1969), Bell (1976) ont été l’un des premiers à théoriser ce type de société et à lui donner le nom de
« société post-industrielle » .Castells, 1998 et Escobar, 1994) tous et dont la logique sous-jacente est identique à
celle des NTIC
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
50
7

8. nanotechnologies
.
.
.
.
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Hyperworld
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8
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ :‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬ :
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬ :‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬ :

9. ‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ .
GPS .TV
.
.
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ :
1999
eEurope ” ”
- ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬ .
232420002010 .
2002 eEurope
”“19202000 .
15162002200521222002 i2010:
2010 .
1994 G-7 2526 G-7 1995 .
SMSI
20032005
9
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬

10. .
122580 .".
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬5‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬55‫ةة‬ %‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
2003‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
.‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬2015‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬20‫ةةة‬ .%‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةة‬2000‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬380‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬2004‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬800‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة/ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬11‫ةة‬ %‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬90‫ةةةة‬ %‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬4%
‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬:
1-‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
10

11. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬170‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ " :‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ ."‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬"‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
2‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
11

12. ‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬."‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ "‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬Root-server‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬13‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬12‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ "‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
.‫ةةةةة‬
3‫-ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬ ."‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة"ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
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13. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬"‫ةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬2005‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬) "‫ةةةةةةةة‬Wang Yi´s Microphone‫(ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةة‬
4‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫)ةةةةةة(ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬)web‫ةةةةة‬ (‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬)log‫ةةةةة‬ (
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
5‫ةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
13

14. ‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬ )‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬ .(...‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬)blogs‫ةةةة‬ (‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
.‫ةةةةةةةةةةةةة‬
6‫ةةةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬12‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬)Blog Community‫ةةةةة‬ (‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
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15. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
.‫ةةةةة‬
7‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬58‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬80‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة.ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬".‫ةةةةةةة‬
8‫ةةة‬ .-‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
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16. ‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
www.kotobarabia.com‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
9‫ةةةة‬ -‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬1000‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬500
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬200‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬3‫ةةة‬4‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬PDF‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة.ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬ :‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
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17. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ :
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةة".ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ ."‫ة.ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬PDF‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
17

18. ‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬SMS‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة".ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةة‬
10‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةة‬2002‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
18

19. ‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
11‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةة‬2002‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
12‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫"ةةةةة.ةةةةة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ "‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةة"ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬.
13‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬)server‫ةةةة‬ (‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
19

20. ‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة"ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةة.ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬ "
"arabic-domins.org"
14‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬mobile triple play‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬
UMTS‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬winmax‫ةة‬ .‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
15‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬30‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬15‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬2003‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
20

21. ‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةة‬
16‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةة‬ :‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬"‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ةةةةة‬
17‫-.ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫"ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة."ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة.ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
21

22. ‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬"‫ةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬2004‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬61
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬12000‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬87‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
18‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫"ةةة‬ :‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة."ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬.‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
22

23. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬ICANN
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ -‫ةة‬-‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ -
‫-ةةةةة‬ -
- ‫ةةةة‬—‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
Manuel Castells - Peter Dahlgreen - Joël de Rosnay - Pierre Musso - Alvin Toffler - Dominique Wolton -
Bernard Benhamou
”“)19981990 .
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ ..
”“17)1646-1716 " Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz" .Algorithmes »
Isaac Newton )1642-1727 )
”‘”””“1895
1868-1944 .
.
23
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬

24. 1948)1894-1964 .
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ ".
.
.
1955 .
1968
(DARPA)
) ‫ةة‬ Network Analysis Corporation)
DARPA (ARPANET)
24
lacybernétiquelacybernétique
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬

25. ( ARPANET)
.
)IMP1969
ARPANET
1972APARNET
.
APARNET
””
" 1961 .
.
.
1972 .
.
NCP
TCP/IP
NCP
.


25
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬

26. 


1972 .
NCP
.
TCP/IP
NCP
.
DARPA
) ARPANET)
.





1973NCPNCPTCP/IP.
DARPA–
.
26

27. 1983-1985: 1985 .
1992 .
.
241995)FNC)FNC–)1)IP2)TCP/IPIP3
–
.
(EU). 4
179-190 .
199820032009 ..
”2009 :





2010
–
IP .
27
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬

28. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
.
18941946
1948:
.
19 .
1968
19801971 .
1995 .
"*" .
*
)1)2 .
81996261997
28
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬/‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬/‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬

29. .
*Géant
*G8
)10-122003)16-182005 ).
110503310481 .
19
.
.
19(LA GARDERE
'entre le faible et le fort c'est la loi qui libère'
.
19 .
1 )
2282003)1 ) .
2003 ‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
) "3 .
29

30. ‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةة‬
1929
29)1929
‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
.
‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
.
‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -:‫ةةةةةةة‬
.
‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةة‬
.
‫ة‬‫ةةة‬ -:‫ةةةةة‬
30

31. 2005‫عععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫عع‬‫ععع‬
:
: ‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععع‬
.
-1‫عععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععع‬:‫ععععععععع‬
‫ع‬‫عععععععع‬ -‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععععع‬:‫عععععععع‬
5.(
40III+II3500250090)6. (
312097090
26-261026-26
‫عععععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
31

32. )7
50
20 .
2004)8 ..
‫ععع‬ (‫ع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
.
...
‫عععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
.
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عععععع‬ (‫عع‬‫عععععععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
32

33. .
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عععععععع‬ (‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫عععععععععع‬
.
..
‫ععععععع‬
: (2) ‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععع‬
20 .
9)
33

34. ‫ععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
‫ععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
34

35. ‫ععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫ععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععععع‬
)1
)2
)3
)4
)5
)6
)7
)8
35

36. )9
)10
)3‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
202015.
2001
10
36

37. .
.
‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬
".
‫عععععع‬‫ععععععع‬
:

—————————————————————————————————
————
[1] Article (2003) , la déclaration de principes su SMSI .




RF
37

38. 





20042007.
‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬
:‫ععععععع‬

:‫ععععععع‬
‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬
38

39. :
:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
71050
»Knowledge Society and Knowlege Economy«
The Age Of Discontinuity‫عع‬Peter F.Drucker
39
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬

40. 40

41. :
1.
2.‫ع‬‫عععععع‬
3
4
Globalization

Information Knowledge

70
information workers‫ع‬

Computer networking


.
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬ :
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬ :

42. •
:
• Armand MATTELART (2009), Histoire de la société de l’information (4e
édition), Paris, La
Découverte.
‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬
• La Galaxie Internet, (2002) Manuel Castells.
• Manuel Castells(1998) ,L'ère de l'information, Vol. 1,La société en réseaux,
Vol. 2,(1999),Le pouvoir de l’identité, Fayard, Vol. 3,Fin de millénaire,
Fayard,
• Michel Saloff Coste(2005) ,Le management du troisième millénaire, Édition
Guy Trédaniel,Paris.
• Andrée Muller,( 2001) La Net économie, PUF
• Gérard Ayache, (2006)La grande confusion, , Éditions: France Europe
Michel Volle,,(2000) e–conomie, Economica,
•Gilles BAUCHE (1996) "la Société de l'Information: menace ou opportunité
pour l'Europe?" synthèse faite à l'occasion des travaux de la conférence
organisée du 9au 12 Mai par l'Institut Aspen à Lyon France .
‫ععععععع‬‫ع‬‫ععععععع‬

43. ‫عععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:
“”
“"1993"
20)Nation State":
».
«»»“”“»»
»«»«»
««»»«».
.»
:
1
2)NGO
3
4

44. “”
“1999
‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عع‬‫عععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
:
1
2
3
4
5
‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫عععععععع‬
“””
»
)Malcolm Waters
”.
Castells M”.
McGrew

45. ‫ععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععع‬
‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬
‫ععععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععععع‬.‫عععععععع‬
‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععع‬.‫عععععع‬
‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬
‫عععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عع‬‫عععععع‬
‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬ .‫ععع‬
‫عععععععع‬‫عع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععععع‬.‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععععع‬
‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عع‬‫عع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععع‬‫عع‬‫عععع‬
‫ععععععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععععع‬.‫عععع‬
‫ععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬ .‫عععع‬
‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫عععععععععع‬‫عع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععع‬
‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫عععع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫عععععععععع‬
‫ععع‬‫عععع‬ .‫ععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععع‬
‫ععععععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬
‫عععععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬
‫ععععععع‬ -‫ععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬
:
:

46. NetscapeExplorer de Windows.
Yahoo!, Excite ou Alta-Vista.
.
.
‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬
.
.
‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬·
-153)87342665002002
-251102000.
-32010000000002000.
45000012600001.34)102001.(

47. ·15)452002.(38200
·505
10
11300000
21260000
3490000
4460000
5450000
6380000
7330000
8300000
9250000
10220000
‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬:
-1719983270000000002002.
-352002.
-800890000000098.2002.
-19982.22002.
-12)40
-7000000
-1999:.
-)1998(11319975th20000000001998)7-8000000
1998
-‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬:‫ااااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬:

48. ‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ا‬‫ااااااا‬.
‫ا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫اااااا‬
-‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬:‫ااااا‬
‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬
‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬.
‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا.ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬‫ا‬‫اااااااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬ .‫ااااااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫"اااا‬‫اا‬ "‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
-‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬
-‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
-‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫)ااااا‬(‫ااااا‬
-‫ااااااا‬
-‫ااااااااااا‬

49. -‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ -‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬
-1966
‫ااااا‬ -‫ااا‬Barrand‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫)اااااا‬:‫اااااااا‬
‫"اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬.("‫ااااااااا‬
‫اا‬ -‫اااااا‬ACM‫ا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
-1968:
‫ااا‬ -‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬ :‫اااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬)ARPA.(
‫اااااا‬ :‫اااااااا‬ -‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1969:
‫ااااا‬ -‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬
‫ااااا‬)SRI‫(ا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫اااا‬
-1970:
‫ااااااا‬ -‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬(‫اااا‬ARPANET NCP.(
‫-اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬13‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫اااااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
-1972:
‫ااااااا‬ -‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
ARPANET‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬40‫ااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬)INWG‫اااااا‬ (‫اااااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬ :‫)اااااا‬.(‫اااا‬
‫ااااااا‬ -‫اااااا‬‫)اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااا‬ (‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
-1972 :

50. ‫اااا‬ -‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬FTP‫)اااااااا‬‫ااا‬
.(‫ااااااا‬
‫-ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬ :‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬.‫ااااااااا‬
-1975:
‫ااا‬ -‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬TCP / IP‫)اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬ /
‫اا‬ (‫اااااااا‬.‫ااااا‬
-1977:
‫ااااا‬ -‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬.‫اااااااااا‬
-1978:
‫ااااا‬ -‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اا‬
‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬UUCP.
-1979:
‫اااااا‬ -‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫اااا‬.‫ااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬ -‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬ :‫اااااا‬.‫اااا‬
‫ااا‬ -ARPA‫اا‬ICCB‫)اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬.(‫اااااااا‬
-1981:
‫اااا‬ .213‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .Minitel‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬ .‫اااااااااا‬VELIZY.
‫ااا‬ .300‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬.‫اااا‬
-1982 :
-INWG‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬)TCP‫ااااااااا‬ (‫اااااااا‬)IP‫(ا‬
‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬TCP / IP‫ااااا‬ .‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬ :"‫"اااااااا‬‫اا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬TCP / IP.‫ااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬TCP / IP.
‫ااا‬ .EUnet.

51. ‫ااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬TCP‫ا‬IP.
-1983:
‫اا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬TCP‫ااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫ااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬ARPANET‫ا‬Milnet.
‫ااا‬ .EARNET‫)اااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬.(‫ااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬)IAB‫ااا‬ (ICCB.
-1984 :
‫اااا‬ .1024‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫ااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬)DNS.(
-1986:
‫ااا‬ .‫ااااا‬NSFNET‫)اااا‬ .‫ااا‬56‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬.(‫ااااا‬
.5089‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1987:
.UUNET‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬Usenet.
.28000‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1988:
‫اااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫اااا‬ (‫)ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1989:
.130000‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1990:
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1991:
‫ااا‬ .RENATER‫اااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬)CNRS.(
‫ااا‬ .Ebone.
.NFSNet‫ااااااا‬ :‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬44.7‫اااااا‬.‫ااااا‬ /
‫اااا‬ .535‫000ا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬

52. -1992:
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬)ISOC.(
‫ا‬ .IAB‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬ISOC.
‫اااااا‬ .‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬CERN‫اااااا‬ (‫)اااا‬‫اااااااا‬
.("‫)"ااااا‬
.992000‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬ .MIME‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
-1993:
‫ااا‬ .InterNIC‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬
president@whitehouse.gov.
.1776000‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .Andreensen‫ااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬
.‫اااااااا‬
-1994:
‫اااااا‬ .‫اا‬25.‫اااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬HTML‫ا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫)ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ (‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬)HTTP‫)ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬.(‫اااا‬
.14‫004ا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬)14.4‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬ (‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬
.‫ااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬.‫ااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬ .‫ااااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬ .‫اااااااااا‬‫اااا‬75‫ا‬‫ااا‬.‫ااااااااا‬
.3.2‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫ااااا‬!‫اااا‬
.FirstVirtual‫اا‬cyberbanque.‫اااا‬
‫ااااا‬ :‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬Thery‫ااا‬‫"ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬."‫ااااااااا‬

53. ‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
-1995 :
.NFSNet‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫)اااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬.(‫ااااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬ :‫ااااا‬‫اا‬28‫000ا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬)
28.8‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬.(‫ااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .2.1‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬9.‫ااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫اااا‬‫اااااااااا‬)MSN.(
‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬CU-CME.
‫اااااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬ :‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬TCP / IP.
-1996:
‫ااااااااا‬ .‫اااا‬.‫ااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬.‫ااااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬33600‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬)33.6‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬
.(‫ااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬27‫اااااا‬‫اا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااا‬122‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬
.‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫اا‬ :‫اااا‬‫اااااااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬.‫ااااااااا‬
1997:
‫ااااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬ :‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫ااااااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬NetMeeting.‫اااااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
-1998:
‫ااااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اا‬57.6‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬.‫اااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫اااااا‬.‫ااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬.‫اااااااا‬

54. ‫اااا‬ .‫"ااااااا‬‫ااا‬."‫اااااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
-1999:
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .25‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
:‫ااااااا‬
‫اااااااااااا‬Webographie
- Bell‫ا‬ D. 1987 : The world and the U. S. in 2013. daedulus‫ا‬ 116.3.
‫-اااا‬‫ااااا‬)‫ااا‬2004‫(ا‬“‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااااا‬”‫اا‬ ,‫ااااا‬
‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ا‬ ,‫اااااا‬2‫ا‬ ,‫ا‬162.
- Held‫ا‬ D. 1995. Democracy and Global order : from modern state to
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‫-اااااا‬‫اااااا‬“‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬”‫ا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ا‬38-40.
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307.
- Mc Grew‫ا‬ Ibid‫ا‬ P. 92-94.
‫ااا‬ -‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫ا‬)2010(‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬

55. -A.MATTELLART(2009) : Histoire de la société de l’information, Repères,
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Castells, M. (1998), La société en réseaux, Fayard, Paris.
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Gates, B. (1995), La Route du futur, Robert Laffont, Paris.
Hagel, J. et Singer, M. (1999), Net Worth, Harvard Business School Press.
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" How to Win Big on the Net ", Fortune, 24 mai 1999
" Internet or Bust! " Fortune, 7 décembre 1998
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" The Information Revolution, How digital technology is changing the way we work
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: .
1994–1995 .
‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬:‫ااااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ -‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬2005uti.int/wsis,smsc.tunis
‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬17/03/2005‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬
http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,1778004,00.htm
http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,1739355,00.html