This document discusses basic concepts about genes and genomes. It states that humans have approximately 50,000 genes, with 25,000 coming from each parent. It provides analogies that compare a single gene to a recipe, a chromosome to a recipe book containing many recipes, and a genome to two copies of all recipe books. It explains that genes, chromosomes, and genomes are all written in the DNA alphabet. It also notes that to find a specific gene, scientists need to know which chromosome and location on that chromosome to search.

1. How many genes do we have/need?
25,000 from Mom 25,000 from Dad
50,000 genes! Learning Set 5 : Lesson 1 : Slide 1

2. A Recipe-Genome Analogy
A single recipe is like… A recipe book is like… Two copies of 23 recipe books is
like…
A Chromosome:
A Gene: Thousands of sets
One set of of instructions for Our Genome:
instructions for how to make ALL of the sets of
how to make thousands of instructions for how
one protein. proteins to make ALL the
proteins we need
ALL (gene, chromosome, genome) are written in same the DNA alphabet!!!
Learning Set 5: Lesson 1 : Slide 2

3. A Recipe-Genome Analogy
In order for scientists to find a specific gene, they need to know which “book” to look in,
and which “page” to turn to.
Genome
Chromosome
Gene
Learning Set 5 : Lesson 1 : Slide 3

4. How similar are two DNA sequences?
How do you compare two DNA sequences?
Human DNA sequence: ATATTCCAAA
Chimp DNA sequence: ATATTAAAAA
***** ***
Learning Set 5 : Lesson 1 : Slide 4

5. Phenomena Assignments
• Skin color (student names)
• Lactose intolerance (student names)
• Familial hypercholesterolemia
(student names)
• Sickle cell anemia (student names)
Learning Set 5 : Lesson 2 : Slide 1

6. Skin Color
Phenomenon Skin Color
Possible Traits
Organ
Cell Type
Protein
Gene Expression
Environment
Interaction
Learning Set 5 : Lesson 2 : Slide 2

7. Lactose Intolerance
Phenomenon Lactose Intolerance
Possible Traits
Organ
Cell Type
Protein
Gene Expression
Environment
Interaction
Learning Set 5 : Lesson 2 : Slide 3

8. Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Phenomenon Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Possible Traits
Organ
Cell Type
Protein
Gene Expression
Environment
Interaction
Learning Set 5 : Lesson 2 : Slide 4

9. Sickle Cell Anemia
Phenomenon Sickle Cell
Possible Traits
Organ
Cell Type
Protein
Gene Expression
Environment
Interaction
Learning Set 6 : Lesson 2 : Slide 5

10. Concept Mapping
Create a concept map using the following
words:
fruit, apple, orange, grapes, vegetable,
spinach, broccoli, carrot
Learning Set 5 : Lesson 2 : Slide 6