Submit Search
Upload
201.12 Gender.ppt
ā¢
Download as PPT, PDF
ā¢
0 likes
ā¢
4 views
W
welduweldegebriel1
Follow
gender- a sociological understanding
Read less
Read more
Education
Report
Share
Report
Share
1 of 24
Download now
Recommended
Chapter 9.pptx
Chapter 9.pptx
SoulOfListenerByJenc
Ā
Concepts in Gender and sex - edited.pptx
Concepts in Gender and sex - edited.pptx
ssuser504dda
Ā
Week 7: Gender Stratification
Week 7: Gender Stratification
kilgore1
Ā
Lecture 5.pptx
Lecture 5.pptx
ShahInamKhan
Ā
Sociology also talks about the sex gender and ethnicity in the society.pptx
Sociology also talks about the sex gender and ethnicity in the society.pptx
ranasamiurrehman602
Ā
Gender, Sex and the Patriachry
Gender, Sex and the Patriachry
Stephen Hilger
Ā
Sex & genderrevised333
Sex & genderrevised333
Seth Allen
Ā
Group e bsba-3-a_module-5_presentation
Group e bsba-3-a_module-5_presentation
ChuckieYBIAS
Ā
Recommended
Chapter 9.pptx
Chapter 9.pptx
SoulOfListenerByJenc
Ā
Concepts in Gender and sex - edited.pptx
Concepts in Gender and sex - edited.pptx
ssuser504dda
Ā
Week 7: Gender Stratification
Week 7: Gender Stratification
kilgore1
Ā
Lecture 5.pptx
Lecture 5.pptx
ShahInamKhan
Ā
Sociology also talks about the sex gender and ethnicity in the society.pptx
Sociology also talks about the sex gender and ethnicity in the society.pptx
ranasamiurrehman602
Ā
Gender, Sex and the Patriachry
Gender, Sex and the Patriachry
Stephen Hilger
Ā
Sex & genderrevised333
Sex & genderrevised333
Seth Allen
Ā
Group e bsba-3-a_module-5_presentation
Group e bsba-3-a_module-5_presentation
ChuckieYBIAS
Ā
ferry-GST-final.pptx
ferry-GST-final.pptx
ArchieSarol
Ā
GENDER AS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT
GENDER AS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT
Gurkirat Dhillon Jossan
Ā
Gender Stereotyping as a Social Phenomenon
Gender Stereotyping as a Social Phenomenon
dfag15
Ā
Gender identity & Roles
Gender identity & Roles
AMME SANDHU
Ā
Gender roles in society
Gender roles in society
BeulahJayarani
Ā
Sociology Project
Sociology Project
Karen Valladares
Ā
Gender sensitization
Gender sensitization
Nimra zaman
Ā
EEP442 EEP418 WD Lecture 7
EEP442 EEP418 WD Lecture 7
Kellie Bousfield
Ā
muzamalhussain
muzamalhussain
muzamalhm
Ā
Social dimensions
Social dimensions
vien_xzquell
Ā
Ds 2203 02 cultural construction of gender and gender issues in tanzania
Ds 2203 02 cultural construction of gender and gender issues in tanzania
Abdulrahman Mustafa Nahoda
Ā
Gender sensitivity
Gender sensitivity
arushi yadav
Ā
Gender sensitivity
Gender sensitivity
Geetha-TG
Ā
Chapter 9 4th ed
Chapter 9 4th ed
derrickgriffey
Ā
Chapter12and10 4thed3 141203112934-conversion-gate01
Chapter12and10 4thed3 141203112934-conversion-gate01
Cleophas Rwemera
Ā
Romania, 7-11 Febr. 2022_Gender Discrimination.pptx
Romania, 7-11 Febr. 2022_Gender Discrimination.pptx
ssuser943609
Ā
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.07 Population, Ecology, Urbanization.ppt
201.07 Population, Ecology, Urbanization.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.09 Interaction, Groups and organizatios.ppt
201.09 Interaction, Groups and organizatios.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
Chapter One -1.ppt
Chapter One -1.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.04 Sociological Research Methods(1).ppt
201.04 Sociological Research Methods(1).ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
More Related Content
Similar to 201.12 Gender.ppt
ferry-GST-final.pptx
ferry-GST-final.pptx
ArchieSarol
Ā
GENDER AS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT
GENDER AS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT
Gurkirat Dhillon Jossan
Ā
Gender Stereotyping as a Social Phenomenon
Gender Stereotyping as a Social Phenomenon
dfag15
Ā
Gender identity & Roles
Gender identity & Roles
AMME SANDHU
Ā
Gender roles in society
Gender roles in society
BeulahJayarani
Ā
Sociology Project
Sociology Project
Karen Valladares
Ā
Gender sensitization
Gender sensitization
Nimra zaman
Ā
EEP442 EEP418 WD Lecture 7
EEP442 EEP418 WD Lecture 7
Kellie Bousfield
Ā
muzamalhussain
muzamalhussain
muzamalhm
Ā
Social dimensions
Social dimensions
vien_xzquell
Ā
Ds 2203 02 cultural construction of gender and gender issues in tanzania
Ds 2203 02 cultural construction of gender and gender issues in tanzania
Abdulrahman Mustafa Nahoda
Ā
Gender sensitivity
Gender sensitivity
arushi yadav
Ā
Gender sensitivity
Gender sensitivity
Geetha-TG
Ā
Chapter 9 4th ed
Chapter 9 4th ed
derrickgriffey
Ā
Chapter12and10 4thed3 141203112934-conversion-gate01
Chapter12and10 4thed3 141203112934-conversion-gate01
Cleophas Rwemera
Ā
Romania, 7-11 Febr. 2022_Gender Discrimination.pptx
Romania, 7-11 Febr. 2022_Gender Discrimination.pptx
ssuser943609
Ā
Similar to 201.12 Gender.ppt
(16)
ferry-GST-final.pptx
ferry-GST-final.pptx
Ā
GENDER AS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT
GENDER AS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT
Ā
Gender Stereotyping as a Social Phenomenon
Gender Stereotyping as a Social Phenomenon
Ā
Gender identity & Roles
Gender identity & Roles
Ā
Gender roles in society
Gender roles in society
Ā
Sociology Project
Sociology Project
Ā
Gender sensitization
Gender sensitization
Ā
EEP442 EEP418 WD Lecture 7
EEP442 EEP418 WD Lecture 7
Ā
muzamalhussain
muzamalhussain
Ā
Social dimensions
Social dimensions
Ā
Ds 2203 02 cultural construction of gender and gender issues in tanzania
Ds 2203 02 cultural construction of gender and gender issues in tanzania
Ā
Gender sensitivity
Gender sensitivity
Ā
Gender sensitivity
Gender sensitivity
Ā
Chapter 9 4th ed
Chapter 9 4th ed
Ā
Chapter12and10 4thed3 141203112934-conversion-gate01
Chapter12and10 4thed3 141203112934-conversion-gate01
Ā
Romania, 7-11 Febr. 2022_Gender Discrimination.pptx
Romania, 7-11 Febr. 2022_Gender Discrimination.pptx
Ā
More from welduweldegebriel1
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.07 Population, Ecology, Urbanization.ppt
201.07 Population, Ecology, Urbanization.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.09 Interaction, Groups and organizatios.ppt
201.09 Interaction, Groups and organizatios.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
Chapter One -1.ppt
Chapter One -1.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.04 Sociological Research Methods(1).ppt
201.04 Sociological Research Methods(1).ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.03 Important Sociological Concepts.ppt
201.03 Important Sociological Concepts.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.02 Developing a Sociological Perspective and Imagination.ppt
201.02 Developing a Sociological Perspective and Imagination.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.01 3 Selections on the Nature of Society.ppt
201.01 3 Selections on the Nature of Society.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201 Sociological Views of Social Change.ppt
201 Sociological Views of Social Change.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.08 Deviance.ppt
201.08 Deviance.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.05 Culture.ppt
201.05 Culture.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.06 Socialization.ppt
201.06 Socialization.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
201.10 Social Stratification.ppt
201.10 Social Stratification.ppt
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
sociology.pptx
sociology.pptx
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
Anthropology Module.pptx
Anthropology Module.pptx
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
Anthropology to be.pptx
Anthropology to be.pptx
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
Module-2_Defining-GBV_Slides_FINAL.pptx
Module-2_Defining-GBV_Slides_FINAL.pptx
welduweldegebriel1
Ā
More from welduweldegebriel1
(18)
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
Ā
201.07 Population, Ecology, Urbanization.ppt
201.07 Population, Ecology, Urbanization.ppt
Ā
201.09 Interaction, Groups and organizatios.ppt
201.09 Interaction, Groups and organizatios.ppt
Ā
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
201.18 Educational Systems and Institutions.ppt
Ā
Chapter One -1.ppt
Chapter One -1.ppt
Ā
201.04 Sociological Research Methods(1).ppt
201.04 Sociological Research Methods(1).ppt
Ā
201.03 Important Sociological Concepts.ppt
201.03 Important Sociological Concepts.ppt
Ā
201.02 Developing a Sociological Perspective and Imagination.ppt
201.02 Developing a Sociological Perspective and Imagination.ppt
Ā
201.01 3 Selections on the Nature of Society.ppt
201.01 3 Selections on the Nature of Society.ppt
Ā
201 Sociological Views of Social Change.ppt
201 Sociological Views of Social Change.ppt
Ā
201.08 Deviance.ppt
201.08 Deviance.ppt
Ā
201.05 Culture.ppt
201.05 Culture.ppt
Ā
201.06 Socialization.ppt
201.06 Socialization.ppt
Ā
201.10 Social Stratification.ppt
201.10 Social Stratification.ppt
Ā
sociology.pptx
sociology.pptx
Ā
Anthropology Module.pptx
Anthropology Module.pptx
Ā
Anthropology to be.pptx
Anthropology to be.pptx
Ā
Module-2_Defining-GBV_Slides_FINAL.pptx
Module-2_Defining-GBV_Slides_FINAL.pptx
Ā
Recently uploaded
Tatlong Kwento ni Lola basyang-1.pdf arts
Tatlong Kwento ni Lola basyang-1.pdf arts
Nbelano25
Ā
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
neillewis46
Ā
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Jisc
Ā
Basic Intentional Injuries Health Education
Basic Intentional Injuries Health Education
NeilDeclaro1
Ā
latest AZ-104 Exam Questions and Answers
latest AZ-104 Exam Questions and Answers
dalebeck957
Ā
Understanding Accommodations and Modifications
Understanding Accommodations and Modifications
MJDuyan
Ā
How to Manage Call for Tendor in Odoo 17
How to Manage Call for Tendor in Odoo 17
Celine George
Ā
Details on CBSE Compartment Exam.pptx1111
Details on CBSE Compartment Exam.pptx1111
GangaMaiya1
Ā
How to Add New Custom Addons Path in Odoo 17
How to Add New Custom Addons Path in Odoo 17
Celine George
Ā
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
christianmathematics
Ā
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
camerronhm
Ā
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
Jisc
Ā
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Denish Jangid
Ā
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
marlenawright1
Ā
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
Pooja Bhuva
Ā
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro
Ā
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Dr. Sarita Anand
Ā
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Jisc
Ā
Python Notes for mca i year students osmania university.docx
Python Notes for mca i year students osmania university.docx
Ramakrishna Reddy Bijjam
Ā
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
Esquimalt MFRC
Ā
Recently uploaded
(20)
Tatlong Kwento ni Lola basyang-1.pdf arts
Tatlong Kwento ni Lola basyang-1.pdf arts
Ā
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Ā
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Ā
Basic Intentional Injuries Health Education
Basic Intentional Injuries Health Education
Ā
latest AZ-104 Exam Questions and Answers
latest AZ-104 Exam Questions and Answers
Ā
Understanding Accommodations and Modifications
Understanding Accommodations and Modifications
Ā
How to Manage Call for Tendor in Odoo 17
How to Manage Call for Tendor in Odoo 17
Ā
Details on CBSE Compartment Exam.pptx1111
Details on CBSE Compartment Exam.pptx1111
Ā
How to Add New Custom Addons Path in Odoo 17
How to Add New Custom Addons Path in Odoo 17
Ā
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
Ā
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
Ā
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
Ā
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Ā
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
Ā
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
Ā
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
Ā
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Ā
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Ā
Python Notes for mca i year students osmania university.docx
Python Notes for mca i year students osmania university.docx
Ā
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
Ā
201.12 Gender.ppt
1.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 1 Gender
2.
Ā© 2009 The
McGraw Hill Companies 2 The Social Construction of Gender ā¢ So-called ānatural differencesā have been used to justify unequal opportunity in education, employment, politics, and more ā Women were once thought incapable of succeeding at college because of their biological makeup ā¢ Our cultural suppositions are more rooted in our social constructions of what is natural than in biological limitations
3.
Ā© 2009 The
McGraw Hill Companies 3 Sex and Gender ā¢ Sex: biological differences between males and females ā Refers to who we are as males and females ā¢ Gender: the social and cultural significance we attach to those presumed biological differences ā Refers to what we become as men and women, which occurs through socialization
4.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 4 Gender and Inequality Gender stratification refers to the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and privilege between men and women. Men and women differ in their access to privilege, prestige, and power. Traditionally, men have been first in line when it comes to who gets what, when, and how. Sex is a biologically determined characteristic, while gender is a socially constructed characteristic. All societies use anatomical differences to assign gender roles. Gender identities are the conceptions we have of ourselves as being male or female. Sexism operates at both an individual and an institutional level.
5.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 5 Sources of Gender Differences Gender roles can be seen as arising from biological development or cultural contributions. The biological aspects of gender consist of the physical differences between men and women. Gender roles probably represent the earliest division of labor among humans. Gender identities are the concepts we have of ourselves as being male or female. Theories of the acquisition of gender identities include the Freudian approach, cultural transmission, and cognitive development.
6.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 6 Sociological Perspectives on Gender Stratification The major sociological perspectives offer interpretation of gender stratification that resemble and parallel their positions on class and racial or ethnic stratification. Functionalists suggest that families are organized along instrumental-expressive lines, with men specializing in instrumental tasks and women in expressive tasks. Conflict theorists contend that a sexual division of labor is a social vehicle devised by men to ensure themselves of privilege, prestige, and power in their relationships with women. Symbolic Interactionists argue that gender inequality persists because of the way we define men and women and their appropriate roles in society. Language helps perpetuate inequality. Feminists argue that women are disadvantaged because society is patriarchal.
7.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 7 ā¢ Gender Differences Across cultures ā¢ Sex is considered as irrelevant to most areas of life in the Israeli kibbutzim, yet traditional gender roles seem to be reasserting themselves there. ā¢ Margaret Mead studied gender in three New Guinea societies: ā Among the Arapesh, both sexes would be described by U.S. citizens as feminine. ā Among the Mundugumor, both sexes would be described by U.S. citizens as masculine. ā Among the Tchambuli, gender roles reverse U.S. standards. ā Mead concluded that these case studies prove that gender does vary across cultures. ā Critics charge that Mead oversimplified.
8.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 8 ā¢ In sum, what is considered to be female or male is mostly a creation of society. ā¢ George Murdock surveyed over 200 societies and found substantial but not complete agreement concerning which tasks are feminine or masculine.
9.
Ā© 2009 The
NcGraw Hill Companies 9 Gender Roles in the United States ā¢ Gender roles: expectations regarding proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females ā¢ Gender-Role Socialization ā Boys must be masculine: active, aggressive, tough, daring, and dominant ā Girls must be feminine: soft, emotional, sweet, and submissive
10.
Ā© 2009 The
NcGraw Hill Companies 10 Gender Roles in the United States ā¢ Gender-Role Socialization ā Occurs through influences of parents, older siblings, mass media, religious and educational institutions, and other adults ā Prevalence of homophobia demonstrates how important clear line between masculinity and femininity is in our culture
11.
Ā© 2009 The
NcGraw Hill Companies 11 Gender Roles in the United States ā¢ Womenās Gender Roles ā 2004 Dove Campaign for Beauty found that only 2 percent of women around the world feel comfortable describing themselves as beautiful ā TV consistently portrays women as young, thin, and beautiful ā Childrenās books have portrayed most female characters as helpless, passive, and incompetent
12.
Ā© 2009 The
NcGraw Hill Companies 12 Satisfaction with Body Weight and Shape Source: Etcoff et al. 2004.
13.
Ā© 2009 The
NcGraw Hill Companies 13 Gender Roles in the United States ā¢ Menās Gender Roles ā Stay-at-home fathers still rare ā Must prove masculinity at work and in sports ā Nonconformists often face criticism and humiliation ā Multiple masculinities: idea that men learn and play a full range of gender roles
14.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 14 Gender and Power ā¢ Patriarchy is a form of social organization in which males dominate females. ā¢ In general, women fare better in rich nations than in poor countries. ā¢ Matriarchy is a form of social organization in which females dominate males. No matriarchal societies are known to exist or to have existed. ā¢ Sexism is the belief that one sex is innately superior to the other. It underlies patriarchy and harms men, women, and the society as a whole. ā¢ Patriarchy is not inevitable because modern technology has eliminated most of the historic justifications for it.
15.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 15 Gender and Socialization. ā¢ Gender roles are attitudes and activities that a culture links to each sex. ā¢ Parents treat male and female children differently from birth. ā¢ Peer groups reinforce these differences. ā¢ Boys and girls play different kinds of games and learn different styles of moral reasoning from games. ā¢ Curricula in schools further reinforce a cultureās gender roles. ā¢ The mass media, especially television, also serve this function.
16.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 16 Gender and Social Stratification ā¢ In industrial societies, women working for income is now the rule rather than the exception. ā¢ Sixty-two percent of U.S. married couples depend on two incomes. ā¢ Women continue to enter a narrow range of occupations ā¢ almost half in clerical or service work. ā¢ The greater a jobās income and prestige, the more likely it is that the position will be held by a male. ā¢ Working has not substantially reduced womenās dominance in housework as men have failed to increase helping more at home.
17.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 17 ā¢ The average female full-time worker earns about 76 cents for every dollar earned by a male full-time employee. ā¢ Most of this results from the different kinds of jobs held by men vs. women. ā¢ The greater responsibility for family and childcare tasks that our society has traditionally assigned to women is another factor explaining the earning differential. ā¢ Discrimination is a third critical factor. ā¢ Our society still defines high-paying professions as masculine; this helps to explain why an equal number of women and men begin most professional graduate programs, but women are less likely to complete their degrees. ā¢ Female involvement in politics is also increasing, although very slowly at the highest levels. ā¢ As technology blurs the distinction between combat and noncombat personnel, women are taking on more military assignments, though equality has not yet been achieved. Gender and Inequality
18.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 18 ā¢ While women fit the definition of a minority group, most white women do not think of themselves this way. ā¢ A minority is any category of people, distinguished by physical or cultural difference, that a society sets apart and subordinates. ā¢ Minority women are doubly disadvantaged. This fact is at the heart of intersection theory, the investigation of the interplay of race, class, and gender; often resulting in multiple dimensions of disadvantage. Gender and Inequality
19.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 19 ā¢ Violence against women: ā¢ Family violence is frequently directed against women. ā¢ Female genital mutilation is practiced extensively in parts of Africa and the Middle East. ā¢ Sexual harassment refers to comments, gestures, or physical contact of a sexual nature that is deliberate, repeated, and unwelcome. ā¢ Women are more likely to be sexually harassed than are men. ā¢ Some harassment is blatant but much of it is subtle. ā¢ Feminists define pornography as a form of sexual violence against women, arguing that it demeans women and promotes rape.
20.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 20 ā¢ Theoretical Analysis of Gender. ā¢ Structural-functional analysis suggests that traditional sex roles emerged in hunting and gathering societies where they promoted the efficient functioning of the family. ā¢ Each sex played a role that complemented the role played by the other, with men taking the instrumental part and women the expressive. ā¢ Talcott Parsons argues that gender role complementarity helps to integrate society; that girls and boys are socialized into expressive and instrumental roles respectively; and that social control reinforces gender-linked behavior. ā¢ This view has been criticized as follows: ā¢ It ignores the fact that many women have had to work outside the home due to necessity. ā¢ It ignores the personal strains and social costs produced by rigid gender roles. ā¢ It legitimizes the status quo.
21.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 21 ā¢ Social-conflict analysis explains contemporary sex roles in terms of dominance, subordination, and sexism. ā¢ This perspective draws heavily on the work of Friedrich Engels, who felt that capitalism intensified male domination. ā¢ This view has been criticized as follows: ā¢ It casts conventional families as morally evil. ā¢ It minimizes the extent to which people live happily in families. ā¢ It argues, perhaps falsely, that capitalism stands at the root of gender stratification.
22.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 22 Source: Curry et al Sociology For The Twenty-First Century, Fifth Edition, Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River,2008
23.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 23 ā¢ Feminism. ā¢ Feminism is the advocacy of social equality for the sexes in opposition to patriarchy and sexism. ā¢ Basic feminist ideas: ā¢ Working to increase equality. ā¢ Expanding human choice. ā¢ Eliminating gender stratification. ā¢ Ending sexual violence. ā¢ Promoting sexual freedom. ā¢ Types of feminism: ā¢ Liberal feminism. ā¢ Socialist feminism. ā¢ Radical feminism. ā¢ Opposition to feminism. ā¢ Opposition is primarily directed at its socialist and radical forms, while support for liberal feminism is widespread. ā¢ There is a trend toward greater gender equality.
24.
Ā© 2006 Alan
S. Berger 24 ā¢ Looking Ahead: Gender in the Twenty-first Century. ā While changes may be incremental, we are seeing movement toward a society in which women and men enjoy equal rights and opportunities.
Download now