201102 slides-icact-rpl for-nano_qplus

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The document describes the design and implementation of a low power wireless IPv6 routing protocol called RPL for the NanoQplus operating system. It addresses the stack overflow issue in NanoQplus by queuing tasks to avoid exceeding maximum stack size. Evaluation shows the initial RPL control overhead decreases over time to a steady state, and packet delivery is over 90% for ranks under 3000. The implementation provides a stable IPv6 and RPL architecture for NanoQplus to enable future Internet of Things applications.

Design and Implementation of
Low power Wireless IPv6 Routing
for NanoQplus
Jongsoo Jeong, Jaeseok Kim, and Pyeongsoo Mah

2

Contents
 What is RPL?

 Features

 Objective

 Stack Overflow Issue

 IPv6 Stack for NanoQplus

 Evaluation

 Conclusion

3

What is RPL?
CoAP
 RPL: IPv6 Routing Protocol
for LLNs UDP
 by IETF ROLL WG
 LLNs: IEEE 802.15.4, IEEE RPL
P1901, etc.

 Why RPL?
ICMPv6 IPv6

 Interoperability is essential.
6LoWPAN ND
 Core protocol of ‘Internet
of Things’
6LoWPAN Adaptation Layer

MAC: IEEE 802.15.4

4

Features
 Traffic patterns
 MP2P: forward to a default router Upward (MP2P)
 P2MP: storing or non-storing
 P2P: combination of MP2P and P2MP

 Directed Acyclic Graph
 Distance-Vector (Rank)
 Proactive construction Downward
 Trickle timer
(P2MP)
 Objective Function
 To achieve various goals…
 How to calculate rank values?
 How to construct DAG?
Up+Down (P2P)
 Separated from core function
 User definable and adjustable

5

Objective
 Implementing IPv6 including RPL on top of
NanoQplus.

 NanoQplus
 OS for small wireless sensors and actuators
 Multi-thread
 Up to 15 user threads
 Small stack space for each thread (default: 200 B)

 However, IPv6 network stack is too complex to
be operated in the small stack.

6

Stack Overflow Issue
User
Thread
Stack Peak Stack Usage
Usage
MAC
Max
Stack 6LP
Size
IPv6
UDP

User thread
Time

7

Stack Overflow Issue:
Solution
User
Thread
Stack
Usage

Task Q
Max
Post IP Stack
Size Peak Stack Usage

App
MAC

6LP
IPv6
Task Q User thread
UDP
UDP
Task Time

Pop Queuing
App IP

8

Stack Overflow Issue:
Solution Example #1, #2

RPL
Router

User #3
Thread
Stack
Usage

Max
Posting
Stack
Size Task #3

Posting RPL MAC
Task #2 ICMPv6 6LP

IPv6
IPv6
MAC 6LP ICMPv6
Time
Task #1 Task #2 Task #3
Receiving a frame Receiving a RPL control message Sending a RPL control message

9

Stack overflow safety
Forwarding IP 128

Sending UDP 179

Sending RPL Control 191
UDP ICMPv6 Sending NA 165

Sending NS 181

IPv6 Sending RA 167

Sending RS 177

6LoWPAN Receiving RPL… 109

Receiving NA 108

Receiving NS 108
IEEE 802.15.4
Receiving RA 122

Receiving RS 107

0 50 100 150 200
Maximum Stack Usage

10

IPv6 Stack for NanoQplus
OFn
Applications OF0

RPL Routing
Table
UDP
ICMPv6
6LoWPAN ND Neighbor
Cache

IPv6

6LoWPAN input 6LoWPAN output

NanoMAC (IEEE 802.15.4)

11

Evaluation

B
4 0

6 2

5 3 1
7 8

9

12

Evaluation – Control overhead
250
Number of transmissions per minute

200 Initial state UDP
6LoWPAN-ND
RPL
150

100
Steady state

50

0
0 10 20 30
Time (min)

13

Evaluation – Delivery ratio
100%
90%
80%
70%
99%
92%
Delivery ratio

60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1025 2049 3073 4097
Rank

14

Conclusion
 RPL Ready in NanoQplus
 Stable IPv6 and RPL operations IPv6 (RPL)
 We implemented the draft-ietf-roll-
rpl-13.
 After becoming RFC document, we will
update it.

 Future Works
 Implementing full fledge RPL with multiple
OFs.
 Supporting CoAP.
 Realizing the Internet of Things.

15

Thank you.

http://groups.google.com/group/nos-developers
nos-developers@googlegroups.com

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201102 slides-icact-rpl for-nano_qplus

1. Design and Implementation of Low power Wireless IPv6 Routing for NanoQplus Jongsoo Jeong, Jaeseok Kim, and Pyeongsoo Mah

2. 2 Contents  What is RPL?  Features  Objective  Stack Overflow Issue  IPv6 Stack for NanoQplus  Evaluation  Conclusion

3. 3 What is RPL? CoAP  RPL: IPv6 Routing Protocol for LLNs UDP  by IETF ROLL WG  LLNs: IEEE 802.15.4, IEEE RPL P1901, etc.  Why RPL? ICMPv6 IPv6  Interoperability is essential. 6LoWPAN ND  Core protocol of ‘Internet of Things’ 6LoWPAN Adaptation Layer MAC: IEEE 802.15.4

4. 4 Features  Traffic patterns  MP2P: forward to a default router Upward (MP2P)  P2MP: storing or non-storing  P2P: combination of MP2P and P2MP  Directed Acyclic Graph  Distance-Vector (Rank)  Proactive construction Downward  Trickle timer (P2MP)  Objective Function  To achieve various goals…  How to calculate rank values?  How to construct DAG? Up+Down (P2P)  Separated from core function  User definable and adjustable

5. 5 Objective  Implementing IPv6 including RPL on top of NanoQplus.  NanoQplus  OS for small wireless sensors and actuators  Multi-thread  Up to 15 user threads  Small stack space for each thread (default: 200 B)  However, IPv6 network stack is too complex to be operated in the small stack.

6. 6 Stack Overflow Issue User Thread Stack Peak Stack Usage Usage MAC Max Stack 6LP Size IPv6 UDP User thread Time

7. 7 Stack Overflow Issue: Solution User Thread Stack Usage Task Q Max Post IP Stack Size Peak Stack Usage App MAC 6LP IPv6 Task Q User thread UDP UDP Task Time Pop Queuing App IP

8. 8 Stack Overflow Issue: Solution Example #1, #2 RPL Router User #3 Thread Stack Usage Max Posting Stack Size Task #3 Posting RPL MAC Task #2 ICMPv6 6LP IPv6 IPv6 MAC 6LP ICMPv6 Time Task #1 Task #2 Task #3 Receiving a frame Receiving a RPL control message Sending a RPL control message

9. 9 Stack overflow safety Forwarding IP 128 Sending UDP 179 Sending RPL Control 191 UDP ICMPv6 Sending NA 165 Sending NS 181 IPv6 Sending RA 167 Sending RS 177 6LoWPAN Receiving RPL… 109 Receiving NA 108 Receiving NS 108 IEEE 802.15.4 Receiving RA 122 Receiving RS 107 0 50 100 150 200 Maximum Stack Usage

10. 10 IPv6 Stack for NanoQplus OFn Applications OF0 RPL Routing Table UDP ICMPv6 6LoWPAN ND Neighbor Cache IPv6 6LoWPAN input 6LoWPAN output NanoMAC (IEEE 802.15.4)

11. 11 Evaluation B 4 0 6 2 5 3 1 7 8 9

12. 12 Evaluation – Control overhead 250 Number of transmissions per minute 200 Initial state UDP 6LoWPAN-ND RPL 150 100 Steady state 50 0 0 10 20 30 Time (min)

13. 13 Evaluation – Delivery ratio 100% 90% 80% 70% 99% 92% Delivery ratio 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1025 2049 3073 4097 Rank

14. 14 Conclusion  RPL Ready in NanoQplus  Stable IPv6 and RPL operations IPv6 (RPL)  We implemented the draft-ietf-roll- rpl-13.  After becoming RFC document, we will update it.  Future Works  Implementing full fledge RPL with multiple OFs.  Supporting CoAP.  Realizing the Internet of Things.

15. 15 Thank you. http://groups.google.com/group/nos-developers nos-developers@googlegroups.com

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