A presentation titled The Built Environment developed for Al Gore's non-profit organization The Climate Project. This show was first delivered as part of that organization's North American Summit held in Nashville, TN. This show was co-written with Mike O'Brien, Alli Kingfisher, Laura Bartels, and Kelly Lerner.

1. An Inconvenient Truth
Climate Change and the Built Environment
North American Summit - May 16, 2009

2. An Inconvenient Truth Built Env. Module
AIT
(length varies) (approx. 25 minutes)

4. Resource Use
Water: 13.6% Wood: 25%
source: Energy Information Administration 2008 EIA Annual Energy Outlook

5. Metric Tons of Carbon (millions)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1950
1952
1954
1956
1958
source: 2006 Energy Information Administration
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
U.S. CO2 Emissions
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
18%

6. Metric Tons of Carbon (millions)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1950
1952
1954
1956
1958
source: 2006 Energy Information Administration
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
U.S. CO2 Emissions
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
18%
34%

7. Metric Tons of Carbon (millions)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1950
1952
1954
1956
1958
source: 2006 Energy Information Administration
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
U.S. CO2 Emissions
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
18%
34%
48%

8. How do Buildings emit CO2?

10. The Embodied Energy of Concrete
source: Kruse, Claudia. 2004. IIGCC Briefing Note

11. The Embodied Energy of Concrete
source: Kruse, Claudia. 2004. IIGCC Briefing Note

12. The Embodied Energy of Concrete
source: Change and the Construction Sector

13. The Embodied Energy of Concrete
source: http://www.iigcc.org/docs/PDF/Public/ConstructionSector_2004.pdf

14. Embodied Energy of Materials
Material Btu/lb. Material Btu/lb.
Baled Straw 6,499 Mineral Wool Insulation 395,365
Stone (local) 21,685 Glass 430,564
Concrete Block 24,388 Fiberglass Insulation 820,524
Concrete 35,199 Steel 866,534
Lumber 67,696 PVC 1,895,615
Brick 67,696 Copper 1,911,832
Gypsum Wallboard 165,185 Paint 2,526,565
Particle Board 216,665 Linoleum 3,141,298
Aluminum (recycled) 219,367 Polystyrene Insulation 3,168,389
Steel (recycled) 240,990 Carpet (synthetic) 4,007,832
Plywood 281,658 Aluminum 6,147,204
source: Cole and Kernan

15. Embodied Energy of Materials
Material Btu/lb. Material Btu/lb.
Baled Straw 6,499 Mineral Wool Insulation 395,365
Stone (local) 21,685 Glass 430,564
Concrete Block 24,388 Fiberglass Insulation 820,524
Concrete 35,199 Steel 866,534
Lumber 67,696 PVC 1,895,615
Brick 67,696 Copper 1,911,832
Gypsum Wallboard 165,185 Paint 2,526,565
Particle Board 216,665 Linoleum 3,141,298
Aluminum (recycled) 219,367 Polystyrene Insulation 3,168,389
Steel (recycled) 240,990 Carpet (synthetic) 4,007,832
Plywood 281,658 Aluminum 6,147,204
source: Cole and Kernan

16. Embodied Energy of Materials
equipment - 24% envelope - 26%
site - 6%
construction - 6%
structure - 24%
finishes - 14%
source: Cole and Kernan

17. Building Energy Over Time
Demolition and Recycling
Operating Energy Energy Consumption (MWh/m2)
Induced Energy Grey Energy
Embodied Energy
10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (years)
source: UN Environment Programme - Buildings and Climate Change Report - referenced table by Jones, 1998

18. Building Energy Consumption
How does a typical commercial building use energy?
other - 8%
equipment - 3%
heating - 36%
refrigeration - 6%
cooking - 3%
72%
lighting - 21%
cooling - 8%
water heating - 8% ventilation - 7%
source: 2003 Energy Information Administration

19. Building Energy Consumption
How does a typical residential building use energy?
other - 13%
heating - 25%
wash & clean - 6%
refrigeration - 7%
61%
cooking - 5%
cooling - 13%
lighting - 11%
electronics & computers - 9%
water heating - 12%
source: U.S. DOE Building Energy Data Book 2008

20. World Energy
of World Energy 24%
Used by U.S.
Buildings 17%
source: 2005 Energy Information Administration

21. CO2 Content of Fuels
100,000 Btu of Energy Pounds of CO2 Emitted
1 therm of natural gas 11.7
3/4 gallon of heating oil 16
29.3 kWh of electricity 39.3*
*At national average emission rate of 1.34 lbs. of CO2 per kWh
source: Carbon Monitoring for Action - www.carma.org

22. U.S. Energy Production
54% of American adults think electricity is produced
by a combination of solar, nuclear and hydropower.
(2006 Roper Report)
oil - 2%
hydro - 4% solar/wind - 1%
gas - 18%
coal - 55%
nuclear - 20%
source: 2008 Energy Information Administration

23. U.S. Energy Production
54% of American adults think electricity is produced
by a combination of solar, nuclear and hydropower.
(2006 Roper Report)
oil - 2%
hydro - 4% solar/wind - 1%
gas - 18%
75%
Fossil Fuels
coal - 55%
nuclear - 20%
source: 2008 Energy Information Administration

24. Green Buildings

25. Commercial Strategies
source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/pearlsb4swinefan/3507768023/

26. Commercial Strategies
source: photo used by permission from Tom Bonner Photography

27. Commercial Strategies
source: photo used by permission from Tom Bonner Photography

28. Commercial Strategies
source: photo used by permission from Tom Bonner Photography

31. source: photo used by permission by NREL/Habitat for Humanity of Metro Denver

32. Change Is Needed
industry transportation buildings Architecture 2030 challenge
3,500
3,000
CO2 Emissions (MMT CO2e)
Architecture 2030
Challenge
2,500 (Codes + Reach Codes)
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
Projected
0
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
source: Architecture 2030 - www.architecture2030.org

34. Long Term Policy
14,000
12,000
United States 2005 Differences
10,000 = 5,300kWh/yr
= $165/capita
8,000
6,000
California
4,000
2,000
0
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Per Capita Electricity Sales (not including self-generation)
(kWh/person) (2006 to 2008 are forecast data)
source: 2008 Energy Efficiency in California Report, California Energy Commission

35. Nellis Air Force Base
Nevada

36. National Standards
source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/24977266@N00/2779556854/

37. Look For Energy Star
source: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=news.nr_news_photos2

38. PROJECT PROFILE
ARMSTRONG WORLD INDUSTRIES
CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
Armstrong World Industries, 701 Corporate Campus Building
Project #: 10003664 LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA
Certification Level: Platinum
2
LEED for Existing Buildings v2.0 4/25/2007
64 Points Achieved Possible Points: 85
Certified 31 to 39 points Silver 40 to 47 points Gold 48 to 63 points Platinum 64 or more points
7 Sustainable Sites Possible Points: 14 15 Materials & Resources Possible Points: 16 million kWh of wind power purchased each year
Y Y
Y Prereq 1 Erosion & Sedimentation Control Y Prereq 1 .1 Source Reduction and Waste Management, Waste Stream Audit
3
Y Prereq 2 Age of Building Y Prereq 1 .2 Source Reduction and Waste Management, Storage & Collection
2 Credit 1 Plan for Green Site and Building Exterior Management 2 Y Prereq 1 .3 Toxic Material Source Reduction, Reduced Mercury in Light Bulbs
1 Credit 2 High Development Density Building and Area 1 2 Credit 1 Construction, Demolition and Renovation Waste Management 2
Credit 3.1 Alternative Transportation, Public Transportation Access 1 5 Credit 2 Optimize Use of Alternative Materials 5
1 Credit 3.2 Alternative Transportation, Bicycle Storage & Changing Rooms 1 2 Credit 3 Optimize Use of IAQ Compliant Products 2 year return on investment for green features
1 Credit 3.3 Alternative Transportation, Alternative Fuel Vehicles 1 2 Credit 4 Sustainable Cleaning Products and Materials 3
1 Credit 3.4 Alternative Transportation, Car Pooling & Telecommuting 1 3 Credit 5 Occupant Recycling 3
65
Credit 4.1 Reduced Site Disturbance, Protect or Restore Open Space: 50% of Site Area 1 1 Credit 6 Additional Toxic Materials Source Reduction: Reduced Mercury in Light Bulbs 1
Credit 4.2 Reduced Site Disturbance, Protect or Restore Open Space: 75% of Site Area 1
1 Credit 5 Stormwater Management, Rate and Quantity Reduction (1 to 2 points) 2 17 Indoor Environmental Quality Possible Points: 22
Credit 6.1 Heat Island Reduction, Non-Roof 1 Y
Credit 6.2
Credit 7
Heat Island Reduction, Roof
Light Pollution Reduction
1
1
Y
Y
Prereq 1
Prereq 2
Outside Air Introduction and Exhaust Systems
Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control
tons of material being recycled annually
Y Prereq 3 Asbestos Removal or Encapsulation
5 Water Efficiency Possible Points: 5 Y Prereq 4 PCB Removal
Y 1 Credit 1 Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 1
Y Prereq 1 Minimum Water Efficiency Credit 2 Increase Ventilation 1
Y Prereq 2 Discharge Water Compliance 1 Credit 3 Construction IAQ Management Plan 1
2 Credit 1 Water Efficient Landscaping, Reduce Water Use (1 to 2 points) 2 Credit 4.1 Documenting Productivity Impacts - Absenteeism and Healthcare Cost Impacts 1
1 Credit 2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies 1 Credit 4.2 Documenting Productivity Impacts - Other Impacts 1
1 Credit 3.1 Water Use Reduction, 10% Reduction 1 1 Credit 5.1 Indoor Chemical and Pollutant Source Control: Non-Cleaning System - Reduc 1
1 Credit 3.2 Water Use Reduction, 20% Reduction 1 1 Credit 5.2 Indoor Chemical and Pollutant Source Control: Non-Cleaning - High Volume C 1
LEED Facts
1 Credit 6.1 Controllability of Systems: Lighting 1 ®
15 Energy & Atmosphere Possible Points: 23 Credit 6.2 Controllability of Systems: Temperature & Ventilation 1
Y 1 Credit 7.1 Thermal Comfort: Compliance 1
Y Prereq 1 Existing Buildings Commissioning 1 Credit 7.2 Thermal Comfort: Monitoring 1 Armstrong World Industries
Y
Y
Prereq 2
Prereq 3
Minimum Energy Performance
Ozone Protection
1
1
Credit 8.1
Credit 8.2
Daylight & Views: Daylight for 50% of Spaces
Daylight & Views: Daylight for 75% of Spaces
1
1
Corporate Headquarters
4
4
Credit 1
Credit 2
Optimize Energy Performance
On-site and Of-site Renewable Energy (1 to 4 points)
10
4
1 Credit 8.3
Credit 8.4
Daylight & Views: Views for 40% of Spaces
Daylight & Views: Views for 80% of Spaces
1
1
Lancaster, PA
1 Credit 3.1 Building Operation & Maintenance: Staff Education 1 1 Credit 9 Contemporary IAQ Practice 1
1 Credit 3.2 Building Operation & Maintenance: Building Systems Maintenance 1 1 Credit 10.1 Green Cleaning: Entryway Systems 1
1 Building Operation & Maintenance: Building Systems Monitoring 1 1 Green Cleaning: Isolation of Janitorial Closets 1
Credit 3.3
Additional Ozone Depletion
Credit 10.2
Green Cleaning: Low Environmental Impact Cleaning Policy
LEED for Existing Buildings
1 Credit 4 1 1 Credit 10.3 1
1 Credit 5.1-3 Performance Measurement - Enhanced Metering 3 2 Credit 10.4-5 Green Cleaning: Low Environmental Impact Pest Management Policy 2
Certification awarded April 25, 2007
1 Performance Measurement - Emission Reduction Reporting 1 1 Green Cleaning: Low Environmental Impact Cleaning Equipment Policy 1
Platinum 64*
Credit 5.4 Credit 10.6
1 Credit 6 Documenting Sustainable Building Cost Impacts 1
5 Innovation & Design Process Possible Points: 5
Y
1 Credit 1.1 Innovation in Operation & Upgrades:
Innovation in Operation & Upgrades:
1
Sustainable Sites 7/14
1 Credit 1.2 1
1 Credit 1.3 Innovation in Operation & Upgrades: 1
1 Credit 1.4 Innovation in Operation & Upgrades: 1 Water Efficiency 5/5
1 Credit 2 LEED® Accredited Professional 1
Energy & Atmosphere 15/23
Materials & Resources 15/16
Indoor Environmental
Quality 17/22
Innovation & Design 5/5
*Out of a possible 85 points
source: U.S. Green Building Council

39. Green Building Programs

40. Rental & Sales Strategies
source: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/challenge/energysmart.html

41. Rental & Sales Strategies
source: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/challenge/energysmart.html

42. Monitoring Changes Behavior
source: http://www.luciddesigngroup.com/index.php and http://www.flickr.com/photos/its_our_city/2838668732/

43. Monitoring Changes Behavior
source: http://www.luciddesigngroup.com/index.php and http://www.flickr.com/photos/its_our_city/2838668732/

44. So, what should I do?
Steps to be taken in the proper order:
RELAX
1. REVIEW your energy use.
2. REDUCE your energy use.
3. RESEAL AND REINSULATE.
4. REFURBISH OR RETROFIT your
mechanical systems.
5. Install RENEWABLES and/or buy
renewable energy.

45. Energy Use Reduction Goals
Kbtu/square foot/year
Net Zero
Current
New & Renovation
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
source: Architecture 2030 Residential Energy Use Reduction Goals - www.architecture2030

47. source: photo used by permission of photographer © Conservation Services Group

48. source: photo used by permission of photographer © Conservation Services Group

49. Retrofit Existing Systems

51. "Worldwide, buildings - both commercial and
residential - contribute roughly one third of all GHG
emissions ...
The good news? By 2030, about 30 percent of the
projected GHG emissions in the building sector can
be avoided with net economic benefit," scientists
write in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)..."
Scientific American

53. Questions?
Thank You.

54. www.architecture2030.org
www.repoweramerica.org
www.theclimateproject.org
www.usgbc.org
hes.lbl.gov
www.myfootprint.org