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Lesson 8
動名詞
Verbal nouns
動名詞①
動名詞の形と意味
動名詞・不定詞の違い
動名詞
Which sentence is correct?
1) I like to read books.
2) I like reading books.
動名詞そんなに怖くない
to不定詞の名詞的用法「~すること」
と基本的に同じだと思っていい!ので
I like to read books.
I like reading books. どちらも同じ意味で、どちらも
正しい。
けれど違いがある場合も… 確認しよう
動名詞:Ving 「~すること」
Playing basketball is fun. 主語
バスケットボールをすることは楽しい。
My favorite pastime is watching movies. 補語
お気に入りの時間つぶしは映画を見ることです。
Thank you for coming today. 目的語
今日は来てくれてありがとう。
Q: 英作文してください。
1. ドアの鍵を締めるのを覚えておいてね。
(lock the door, remember)
2. 北海道に行きたいなあ!
3. 私はビッグマック作りを楽しんだ。
1. Please remember to lock the door.
☓Please remember locking the door.
2. I want to go to Hokkaido!
☓I want going to Hokkaido!
3. I enjoyed making Big Macs.
☓I enjoyed to make Big Macs.
不定詞だけ/動名詞だけ使えるとき
こんなの習いませんでしたか?
fes: finish, stop, enjoy のあとは、絶対-ing!!
もしくは、
megafeps: mind, enjoy, give up, avoid, postpone, suggest
これ、辞めましょう。
①この覚え方はエコではないし
②I stopped to smoke. 文として成立しますよ。
不定詞だけ/動名詞だけ使えるとき
動詞の目的語として、不定詞・動名詞どちらか一方しか使えない
時があるのは、両者にこんな意味の違いがあるから。
動名詞 To 不定詞
・ネガティブ
・過去志向
・過去に起こったこと
について言いたい
・ポジティブ
・未来志向
・まだ起こっていない
ことについて言いたい
不定詞だけ/動名詞だけ使えるとき
-ing to V 原型
admit(認める) avoid (避ける)
deny (拒否する) enjoy (楽しむ)
finish (終える)give up (諦める)
mind(気にする)put off(延期す
る)
suggest(提案する)
decide(決める) expect(期待す
る)hope(希望する) offer(申し出
る)
promise(約束する)
refuse(断る) want(したい)
wish(願う)
ネガティ
ブ
過去志向
ポジティ
ブ
未来志向
1. Please remember to lock the door.
☓Please remember locking the door.
2. I want to go to Hokkaido!
☓I want going to Hokkaido!
3. I enjoyed making Big Macs.
☓I enjoyed to make Big Macs.
ポジティ
ブ
未来志向
鍵をかけること:未来志向
鍵をかけたこと:過去志向
ネガティ
ブ
不定詞と動名詞の違いがわかれば
意味の違いもはっきり分かる。
Please remember to meet him.
Please remember meeting him.
I tried to open the treasure box.
I tried opening the treasure box.
He stopped to smoke.
He stopped smoking.
まだ会ってな
い
開いたかはわからな
い
不定詞の副詞的用法「~ため
に」
タバコを吸うために立ち止まっ
た
もう会った
実際に開けてみた
タバコを吸うことを辞めた
動名詞②
意味上の主語
動名詞の否定
動名詞の時制
動名詞の受動態
その他の注意すべき表現
意味上の主語(誰がやるの?)
My mother doesn’t like wearing short skirts.
My mother doesn’t like my wearing short skirts.
He is anxious about Lucy’s staying home alone.
Getting regular exercise is a good habit.
Vingの前に所有格(目的格)で、動作主を指定する。
my Ving, me Ving どちらでも可。
動名詞の否定形
その前に、to doの否定形は?→ not to do/ never to do
では、ingの否定形は→ not Ving / never Ving
Sorry for coming. 来てごめんなさい。
Sorry for not coming. 来なくてごめんなさい。
The important thing is never giving up.
動名詞の時制(いつの話?)
①She is proud of being a nurse.
「今」看護師であることを「今」誇りに思っている
②She was proud of being a nurse.
「過去」看護師だったことを「過去」誇りに思っていた
③She is proud of having been a nurse.
「過去」看護師だったことを「今」誇りに思っている
④She was proud of having been a nurse.
「誇りに思った時点よりも更に過去」に看護師だった
ことを「過去」誇りに思っていた
動名詞の受動態: ~されること
Q:私の父は褒められるのが好きだ。(褒める:praise)
A:My father likes being praised.
もしくは My father likes to be praised.
being 過去分詞で:「~されること」
My little sister is tired of being treated like a child.
妹は子供扱いされることに飽き飽きしている。
動名詞の慣用表現
It’s no use arguing with him anymore.
It’s no use Ving:~しても無駄だ
There is no telling what will happen.
There is no telling: わからない
That movie is worth seeing.
worth Ving: ~する価値がある
On seeing a police officer, the man ran away.
on Ving: ~するとすぐに
to+ ing(不定詞+ing) という形があるの?
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
あなたからのお便りを楽しみにしています。
I’m used to getting up early.
早起きすることには慣れています。
I’m looking forward to the event.
I’m used to the noise.
ingを名詞に置き換えても大丈夫 なので
このtoは不定詞ではなく前置詞!

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