This document provides an overview of management concepts and principles. It defines management as an open system based on sciences, concepts, principles and modern methods to achieve organizational goals using resources efficiently and effectively while considering environmental and social impacts. It discusses key contributors to modern management thought like Taylor, Fayol, and Weber. It also outlines common management functions of planning, organizing, directing and controlling. Overall, the document aims to introduce foundational ideas around what management entails at a high level.
The document provides a historical overview of management from ancient civilizations to modern times. It discusses how management evolved from distinct leaders in preindustrial societies to the development of theories and functions in the Industrial Revolution. Key theories included scientific management, general administrative theorists like Fayol and Weber, quantitative approaches, organizational behavior, systems approaches, and contingency approaches. Modern management incorporates elements from many theories and focuses on organizational behavior and systems approaches to accommodate trends like globalization. The core functions of management - planning, organizing, leading, and controlling - remain central to the field.
This document provides an overview of the concepts of management and administration. It discusses key differences and similarities between the two concepts. Some key points:
- Management is concerned with planning, controlling, and motivating staff to achieve organizational goals, while administration focuses primarily on maintaining procedures and is seen as an aspect of organization.
- Both management and administration involve the management process of planning, organizing, staffing, leading, controlling, and coordinating to accomplish organizational goals through the direction of others.
- Comparative management examines the degree of similarities or differences in management theories and practices across countries or time periods. The comparative approach aids in further understanding the issues being studied.
This document provides definitions of management from various scholars and perspectives. It discusses management as a resource, a system of authority, and as part of the societal elite. Several definitions of management are also provided, focusing on aspects like guiding resources, attaining objectives, planning and controlling efforts. The document then discusses concepts of management, distinguishing it as an activity, process, group, and academic discipline. It also distinguishes management from administration.
The document provides an introduction to the concept of management. It discusses what management is, why it is needed, and its key principles and functions. Management is defined as a universal process in all organized activities that involves harmonizing people, resources, and processes to achieve objectives. The principles of management are discussed as well as the significance of principles in providing guidance for decision making, utilizing resources efficiently, and adapting to changing environments. An overview is also given of the evolution of management approaches, from early scientific management to modern contingency and systems approaches.
The document discusses management theory, including its evolution and different approaches. It describes management functions like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. It also discusses forces behind management thoughts such as political, social and economic forces. Classical approaches including scientific management and administrative management are explained. Modern approaches involving quantitative methods and systems approach are also summarized.
The document summarizes the historical foundations and major developments in management thought from the classical, humanistic, management science, and emerging trends perspectives. The classical approaches included scientific management pioneered by Taylor and bureaucratic organizations envisioned by Weber. The humanistic perspective emerged from the Hawthorne studies showing money was not the sole motivator and incorporated human needs theories. Management science applied quantitative techniques from WWII. Emerging trends included systems theory, contingency views, and total quality management focusing on continuous improvement.
The document provides an overview of the emergence and development of management thought from ancient times to the classical era. It discusses early examples of management in ancient Egypt, Rome, Greece, and the Bible. It then profiles some of the pioneering contributors to management thought from the pre-classical era, including Robert Owen, Charles Babbage, and Adam Smith. Finally, it describes the two main perspectives of classical management theory: scientific management as developed by Frederick Taylor and classical organization theory developed by Henri Fayol.
Administration may be may be defined as one of the most important aspect for a government. It is something which defines the overall implementation of different policies which are been created by the government. Also, it is something which prepares the people for the works. Administrative management theory may be defined as the theory which intends to find the rational method which can be used in order to create an organization as a whole. It is a theory which calls for the complete structure which is required and is considered important for the purpose of administration, the clear division of the labor forces and the delegation which is based on power and the authority. The people who had given the administrative theory includes the Fayol, who developed the 14 different principles related to administration, Mooney, who was the key member of the top management of General Motors. In the year 1931, he also wrote the book titled as ‘Onward Industry’. It is a books which has been appreciated by a large number of scholars and is considered to be a very significant contribution to this theory and Gulick who is considered to be the dean of the public based administration and applies those theories to the government. The theory of administrative management includes a large number of concepts such as formalized administrative structure, division of labor etc.
The document provides a historical overview of management from ancient civilizations to modern times. It discusses how management evolved from distinct leaders in preindustrial societies to the development of theories and functions in the Industrial Revolution. Key theories included scientific management, general administrative theorists like Fayol and Weber, quantitative approaches, organizational behavior, systems approaches, and contingency approaches. Modern management incorporates elements from many theories and focuses on organizational behavior and systems approaches to accommodate trends like globalization. The core functions of management - planning, organizing, leading, and controlling - remain central to the field.
This document provides an overview of the concepts of management and administration. It discusses key differences and similarities between the two concepts. Some key points:
- Management is concerned with planning, controlling, and motivating staff to achieve organizational goals, while administration focuses primarily on maintaining procedures and is seen as an aspect of organization.
- Both management and administration involve the management process of planning, organizing, staffing, leading, controlling, and coordinating to accomplish organizational goals through the direction of others.
- Comparative management examines the degree of similarities or differences in management theories and practices across countries or time periods. The comparative approach aids in further understanding the issues being studied.
This document provides definitions of management from various scholars and perspectives. It discusses management as a resource, a system of authority, and as part of the societal elite. Several definitions of management are also provided, focusing on aspects like guiding resources, attaining objectives, planning and controlling efforts. The document then discusses concepts of management, distinguishing it as an activity, process, group, and academic discipline. It also distinguishes management from administration.
The document provides an introduction to the concept of management. It discusses what management is, why it is needed, and its key principles and functions. Management is defined as a universal process in all organized activities that involves harmonizing people, resources, and processes to achieve objectives. The principles of management are discussed as well as the significance of principles in providing guidance for decision making, utilizing resources efficiently, and adapting to changing environments. An overview is also given of the evolution of management approaches, from early scientific management to modern contingency and systems approaches.
The document discusses management theory, including its evolution and different approaches. It describes management functions like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. It also discusses forces behind management thoughts such as political, social and economic forces. Classical approaches including scientific management and administrative management are explained. Modern approaches involving quantitative methods and systems approach are also summarized.
The document summarizes the historical foundations and major developments in management thought from the classical, humanistic, management science, and emerging trends perspectives. The classical approaches included scientific management pioneered by Taylor and bureaucratic organizations envisioned by Weber. The humanistic perspective emerged from the Hawthorne studies showing money was not the sole motivator and incorporated human needs theories. Management science applied quantitative techniques from WWII. Emerging trends included systems theory, contingency views, and total quality management focusing on continuous improvement.
The document provides an overview of the emergence and development of management thought from ancient times to the classical era. It discusses early examples of management in ancient Egypt, Rome, Greece, and the Bible. It then profiles some of the pioneering contributors to management thought from the pre-classical era, including Robert Owen, Charles Babbage, and Adam Smith. Finally, it describes the two main perspectives of classical management theory: scientific management as developed by Frederick Taylor and classical organization theory developed by Henri Fayol.
Administration may be may be defined as one of the most important aspect for a government. It is something which defines the overall implementation of different policies which are been created by the government. Also, it is something which prepares the people for the works. Administrative management theory may be defined as the theory which intends to find the rational method which can be used in order to create an organization as a whole. It is a theory which calls for the complete structure which is required and is considered important for the purpose of administration, the clear division of the labor forces and the delegation which is based on power and the authority. The people who had given the administrative theory includes the Fayol, who developed the 14 different principles related to administration, Mooney, who was the key member of the top management of General Motors. In the year 1931, he also wrote the book titled as ‘Onward Industry’. It is a books which has been appreciated by a large number of scholars and is considered to be a very significant contribution to this theory and Gulick who is considered to be the dean of the public based administration and applies those theories to the government. The theory of administrative management includes a large number of concepts such as formalized administrative structure, division of labor etc.
Ch02 traditional and contemporary issues and challenges(1)Rong Mohol
The document discusses classical, behavioral, and quantitative management perspectives. Classical management includes scientific management, which focused on improving worker efficiency, and administrative management, which focused on managing the total organization. The behavioral perspective grew out of studies like the Hawthorne studies, emphasizing social and group factors. Quantitative management uses mathematical models and emerged to help with logistical problems in World War II. Contemporary perspectives integrate these views and recognize contingencies based on a organization's situation.
Chapter 2 - Traditional and Contemporary Issues and ChallengesSaif Mahmud
The document discusses the history and evolution of management theory. It describes the Classical perspective involving scientific management and administrative management. Scientific management focused on improving individual worker efficiency while administrative management addressed managing the total organization. The Behavioral perspective emerged from the Hawthorne Studies and emphasized the importance of human behavior and social factors in organizations. This led to the development of fields like organizational behavior.
The document discusses several theories of human resources and organizational management that emerged over time:
Classical management theory from the early 1900s focused on efficiency through bureaucratic, scientific, and administrative approaches. Human relations theory from the 1920s addressed human/social factors and motivation. Human resources management from the 1950s emphasized meaningful work, participation, and motivation/leadership techniques. Organizational behavior theory from the late 1950s examined relationships within organizations and building relationships.
1. Early management approaches included scientific management, which focused on efficiency, and administrative theory, which examined organizational principles.
2. The behavioral school emphasized the human element, with Hawthorne studies showing the importance of groups and workplace culture.
3. Modern approaches include systems theory, contingency theory, and emerging ideas around quality management.
The document provides a historical overview of the origins and development of management as a formal area of study. It discusses how ancient civilizations demonstrated early forms of management in constructing major projects. The formal study of management began in the late 19th century with pioneers like Frederick Taylor who advocated scientific management principles like analyzing jobs and incentivizing workers. Other theorists like Fayol and Weber contributed approaches focusing on administrative functions and bureaucratic organizational structures. Later, the human relations movement emphasized the social and emotional factors impacting workers. The concept of servant leadership was also introduced. In summary, the document traces the evolution of management thought from early civilizations to modern theoretical frameworks.
The document provides an overview of the history and development of management theories from the classical school to modern schools of thought. It summarizes the key contributors and principles of scientific management, bureaucratic management, and administrative management under the classical school. The behavioral school emphasized the human element, while the modern school integrated tools and theories from other disciplines and recognized contingent factors. Overall, the document traces the evolution of management theories from an efficiency focus on work processes to considerations of human and situational factors.
The document outlines the evolution of management approaches from early approaches to modern and emerging ones. It discusses influential classical theorists like Taylor, Fayol, and Weber and their scientific management, administrative theory, and bureaucratic management approaches. It also summarizes the behavioral approach with Hawthorne studies and theorists like Maslow and McGregor. Quantitative approaches involving management science, operations management, and management information systems are covered as well. The systems theory and contingency theory are provided as examples of modern management approaches. Emerging approaches discussed include Theory Z and quality management.
This chapter discusses the history of management from ancient civilizations to modern times. It covers early management approaches used by Sumerians, Egyptians, and others. It then outlines the development of scientific management by Frederick Taylor and Henry Gantt, the human relations movement started by Mary Parker Follett and Elton Mayo, and the contributions of Max Weber and Henri Fayol to bureaucratic and administrative management approaches. The chapter establishes that management evolved from focusing solely on efficiency to also considering employee needs and relations.
Management coordinates and regulates the activities of various members of an organization to achieve organizational goals. It is a continuous process that involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling resources through human and non-human efforts. Management plays a crucial role in utilizing resources efficiently, minimizing costs, enabling organizational survival and growth, generating employment, and contributing to national development. While management executes policies and employs resources to achieve objectives, administration is concerned with determining policies, coordinating functions, and establishing the organizational structure under executive control. Administration involves planning while management focuses on implementation.
MGT 201 Helpful Slides For Management Students Of Different Universities In Karachi And All Over Pakistan And World Historical Foundation Of Management
Management involves coordinating efforts to accomplish organizational goals using available resources efficiently. It includes planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling functions. Management aims to deploy resources like finances, technology, and people. It also studies how social organizations are structured and coordinated. Management functions include planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. The basic roles of management are interpersonal, informational, and decision-making.
MGT 201 Historical Foundations Of Management Sabih Kamran
Historical foundations of management provide context for current problems and ways of thinking about trends. Key forces that influenced management over time include social, political, and economic factors. Early management theories emerged during the Industrial Revolution and included scientific management, bureaucracy, and administrative principles. Later, human relations and behavioral science perspectives emphasized the human element. Management science applied quantitative techniques. Current trends reflect systems thinking, contingency views, and quality management focusing on continuous improvement.
Introduction to management groups g - i - evolution of management - sep 3, ...Diego Thomas
The document provides an overview of the evolution of management thought from classical theories in the 1800s to more modern perspectives. It discusses key developments including scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and the human relations movement. Later perspectives addressed include systems theory, contingency views, total quality management, and the learning organization. The goal is to understand how historical forces influenced management practices over time and the major theories and components that contributed to the field of management.
Organization and Management with focus on Human Resources and DevelopmentJo Balucanag - Bitonio
The document discusses various organizational theories that have developed over time, from classical to modern theories. It provides details on key aspects of each approach, including:
- Classical theories focused on efficiency and control, exemplified by scientific management, bureaucracy, and administrative principles.
- Neoclassical theories emphasized the human element and informal organization, informed by Hawthorne studies. This led to recognition of social and psychological factors.
- Modern theories take an interdisciplinary approach and view the organization as an open system interacting with its environment. Approaches include systems theory, contingency theory, and socio-technical systems.
Management Theory & Practice(Robbins, S. Coulter M.)cp2000
This document discusses the history and evolution of management theories. It begins with early examples of management in structures like the Egyptian pyramids and the economic centers of Venice. It then outlines several influential management theories including scientific management, bureaucratic management, and organizational behavior studies. More recent developments discussed include the systems approach, contingency theory, and current trends like increased globalization, workforce diversity, and entrepreneurship. The document provides an overview of the key people and concepts that have shaped approaches to management over time.
The classical approach to management originated in the early 1900s and focused on increasing efficiency through careful observation of management practices. It sought to identify universal principles for efficient operation. Some key aspects included scientific management by Frederick Taylor which aimed to increase worker output and management efficiency. Henri Fayol identified 14 general principles of management and categorized organizational work into technical, commercial, financial, accounting, security, and managerial functions. Max Weber's bureaucratic theory defined bureaucracy as a rational and efficient form of organization with characteristics like job specialization, authority hierarchies, and impersonal relationships between employees. Criticisms of bureaucracy include that it is too rigid with an overemphasis on rules and processes that can limit flexibility and human aspects.
Contemporary Theory of Management: A Comparative Study on Quantitative Approa...inventionjournals
This study inspects the contemporary theories of management contextually quantitative approach, system approach and contingency approach since the comparison mode of the study, quantitative approach treaties with mathematical tools and methods use for managerial decision, system approach divulged the interaction and interrelationship from the contemplation of whole as a system and contingency designate not the specification or particular issues of management or organizationally but the basis on situation or contingent. This study is formulated on the historical data of the contemporary issues of management that find three streaming based on findings of the Management modern theories. By the descriptive type study of the theories, it has been tried to acquaint with the distinctive and related focuses on these theories.
Definition of Learning
Definition of Learning Organization
Building Blocks of the Learning Organization
Benefits of a learning organization
Units of learning
Review of Chapter
Management Principles and Practices.ppt.pptxranganayaki10
This document discusses management principles and practices. It provides definitions of management from several experts that describe management as getting work done through others. The document outlines the nature of management, key management functions like planning and organizing, levels of management, and schools of management thought including classical, behavioral, and modern approaches. It specifically discusses the contributions of Taylor's scientific management principles and Fayol's 14 principles of administrative management to the development of management as a discipline.
This document provides an overview of management concepts including:
- The nature and importance of management including its functions such as decision making, organizing, staffing, etc.
- The development of management thought from classical to modern approaches.
- The importance of ethical and environmental foundations for management including managing social responsibility and value systems.
- Key philosophies of management and how they differ between organizations.
Conceptual foundation of management (repaired)karishma
This document outlines the conceptual foundation of management across 5 units:
Unit 1 discusses the nature, scope, and significance of management including its definition as both an art and science. Management involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling to achieve goals.
Unit 2 covers the evolution of management thought from classical to contemporary thinkers like Drucker, Porter, and Prahlad.
Unit 3 is about planning, including the planning process, types of plans, and decision making techniques.
Unit 4 discusses organizing, including departmentalization, centralization, delegation, authority, responsibility, and formal vs informal organizations.
Unit 5 covers motivation theories, leadership characteristics, and control methods like pre-action, steering,
Ch02 traditional and contemporary issues and challenges(1)Rong Mohol
The document discusses classical, behavioral, and quantitative management perspectives. Classical management includes scientific management, which focused on improving worker efficiency, and administrative management, which focused on managing the total organization. The behavioral perspective grew out of studies like the Hawthorne studies, emphasizing social and group factors. Quantitative management uses mathematical models and emerged to help with logistical problems in World War II. Contemporary perspectives integrate these views and recognize contingencies based on a organization's situation.
Chapter 2 - Traditional and Contemporary Issues and ChallengesSaif Mahmud
The document discusses the history and evolution of management theory. It describes the Classical perspective involving scientific management and administrative management. Scientific management focused on improving individual worker efficiency while administrative management addressed managing the total organization. The Behavioral perspective emerged from the Hawthorne Studies and emphasized the importance of human behavior and social factors in organizations. This led to the development of fields like organizational behavior.
The document discusses several theories of human resources and organizational management that emerged over time:
Classical management theory from the early 1900s focused on efficiency through bureaucratic, scientific, and administrative approaches. Human relations theory from the 1920s addressed human/social factors and motivation. Human resources management from the 1950s emphasized meaningful work, participation, and motivation/leadership techniques. Organizational behavior theory from the late 1950s examined relationships within organizations and building relationships.
1. Early management approaches included scientific management, which focused on efficiency, and administrative theory, which examined organizational principles.
2. The behavioral school emphasized the human element, with Hawthorne studies showing the importance of groups and workplace culture.
3. Modern approaches include systems theory, contingency theory, and emerging ideas around quality management.
The document provides a historical overview of the origins and development of management as a formal area of study. It discusses how ancient civilizations demonstrated early forms of management in constructing major projects. The formal study of management began in the late 19th century with pioneers like Frederick Taylor who advocated scientific management principles like analyzing jobs and incentivizing workers. Other theorists like Fayol and Weber contributed approaches focusing on administrative functions and bureaucratic organizational structures. Later, the human relations movement emphasized the social and emotional factors impacting workers. The concept of servant leadership was also introduced. In summary, the document traces the evolution of management thought from early civilizations to modern theoretical frameworks.
The document provides an overview of the history and development of management theories from the classical school to modern schools of thought. It summarizes the key contributors and principles of scientific management, bureaucratic management, and administrative management under the classical school. The behavioral school emphasized the human element, while the modern school integrated tools and theories from other disciplines and recognized contingent factors. Overall, the document traces the evolution of management theories from an efficiency focus on work processes to considerations of human and situational factors.
The document outlines the evolution of management approaches from early approaches to modern and emerging ones. It discusses influential classical theorists like Taylor, Fayol, and Weber and their scientific management, administrative theory, and bureaucratic management approaches. It also summarizes the behavioral approach with Hawthorne studies and theorists like Maslow and McGregor. Quantitative approaches involving management science, operations management, and management information systems are covered as well. The systems theory and contingency theory are provided as examples of modern management approaches. Emerging approaches discussed include Theory Z and quality management.
This chapter discusses the history of management from ancient civilizations to modern times. It covers early management approaches used by Sumerians, Egyptians, and others. It then outlines the development of scientific management by Frederick Taylor and Henry Gantt, the human relations movement started by Mary Parker Follett and Elton Mayo, and the contributions of Max Weber and Henri Fayol to bureaucratic and administrative management approaches. The chapter establishes that management evolved from focusing solely on efficiency to also considering employee needs and relations.
Management coordinates and regulates the activities of various members of an organization to achieve organizational goals. It is a continuous process that involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling resources through human and non-human efforts. Management plays a crucial role in utilizing resources efficiently, minimizing costs, enabling organizational survival and growth, generating employment, and contributing to national development. While management executes policies and employs resources to achieve objectives, administration is concerned with determining policies, coordinating functions, and establishing the organizational structure under executive control. Administration involves planning while management focuses on implementation.
MGT 201 Helpful Slides For Management Students Of Different Universities In Karachi And All Over Pakistan And World Historical Foundation Of Management
Management involves coordinating efforts to accomplish organizational goals using available resources efficiently. It includes planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling functions. Management aims to deploy resources like finances, technology, and people. It also studies how social organizations are structured and coordinated. Management functions include planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. The basic roles of management are interpersonal, informational, and decision-making.
MGT 201 Historical Foundations Of Management Sabih Kamran
Historical foundations of management provide context for current problems and ways of thinking about trends. Key forces that influenced management over time include social, political, and economic factors. Early management theories emerged during the Industrial Revolution and included scientific management, bureaucracy, and administrative principles. Later, human relations and behavioral science perspectives emphasized the human element. Management science applied quantitative techniques. Current trends reflect systems thinking, contingency views, and quality management focusing on continuous improvement.
Introduction to management groups g - i - evolution of management - sep 3, ...Diego Thomas
The document provides an overview of the evolution of management thought from classical theories in the 1800s to more modern perspectives. It discusses key developments including scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and the human relations movement. Later perspectives addressed include systems theory, contingency views, total quality management, and the learning organization. The goal is to understand how historical forces influenced management practices over time and the major theories and components that contributed to the field of management.
Organization and Management with focus on Human Resources and DevelopmentJo Balucanag - Bitonio
The document discusses various organizational theories that have developed over time, from classical to modern theories. It provides details on key aspects of each approach, including:
- Classical theories focused on efficiency and control, exemplified by scientific management, bureaucracy, and administrative principles.
- Neoclassical theories emphasized the human element and informal organization, informed by Hawthorne studies. This led to recognition of social and psychological factors.
- Modern theories take an interdisciplinary approach and view the organization as an open system interacting with its environment. Approaches include systems theory, contingency theory, and socio-technical systems.
Management Theory & Practice(Robbins, S. Coulter M.)cp2000
This document discusses the history and evolution of management theories. It begins with early examples of management in structures like the Egyptian pyramids and the economic centers of Venice. It then outlines several influential management theories including scientific management, bureaucratic management, and organizational behavior studies. More recent developments discussed include the systems approach, contingency theory, and current trends like increased globalization, workforce diversity, and entrepreneurship. The document provides an overview of the key people and concepts that have shaped approaches to management over time.
The classical approach to management originated in the early 1900s and focused on increasing efficiency through careful observation of management practices. It sought to identify universal principles for efficient operation. Some key aspects included scientific management by Frederick Taylor which aimed to increase worker output and management efficiency. Henri Fayol identified 14 general principles of management and categorized organizational work into technical, commercial, financial, accounting, security, and managerial functions. Max Weber's bureaucratic theory defined bureaucracy as a rational and efficient form of organization with characteristics like job specialization, authority hierarchies, and impersonal relationships between employees. Criticisms of bureaucracy include that it is too rigid with an overemphasis on rules and processes that can limit flexibility and human aspects.
Contemporary Theory of Management: A Comparative Study on Quantitative Approa...inventionjournals
This study inspects the contemporary theories of management contextually quantitative approach, system approach and contingency approach since the comparison mode of the study, quantitative approach treaties with mathematical tools and methods use for managerial decision, system approach divulged the interaction and interrelationship from the contemplation of whole as a system and contingency designate not the specification or particular issues of management or organizationally but the basis on situation or contingent. This study is formulated on the historical data of the contemporary issues of management that find three streaming based on findings of the Management modern theories. By the descriptive type study of the theories, it has been tried to acquaint with the distinctive and related focuses on these theories.
Definition of Learning
Definition of Learning Organization
Building Blocks of the Learning Organization
Benefits of a learning organization
Units of learning
Review of Chapter
Management Principles and Practices.ppt.pptxranganayaki10
This document discusses management principles and practices. It provides definitions of management from several experts that describe management as getting work done through others. The document outlines the nature of management, key management functions like planning and organizing, levels of management, and schools of management thought including classical, behavioral, and modern approaches. It specifically discusses the contributions of Taylor's scientific management principles and Fayol's 14 principles of administrative management to the development of management as a discipline.
This document provides an overview of management concepts including:
- The nature and importance of management including its functions such as decision making, organizing, staffing, etc.
- The development of management thought from classical to modern approaches.
- The importance of ethical and environmental foundations for management including managing social responsibility and value systems.
- Key philosophies of management and how they differ between organizations.
Conceptual foundation of management (repaired)karishma
This document outlines the conceptual foundation of management across 5 units:
Unit 1 discusses the nature, scope, and significance of management including its definition as both an art and science. Management involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling to achieve goals.
Unit 2 covers the evolution of management thought from classical to contemporary thinkers like Drucker, Porter, and Prahlad.
Unit 3 is about planning, including the planning process, types of plans, and decision making techniques.
Unit 4 discusses organizing, including departmentalization, centralization, delegation, authority, responsibility, and formal vs informal organizations.
Unit 5 covers motivation theories, leadership characteristics, and control methods like pre-action, steering,
This slide presentation will help students understand how management evolved and the significant approaches to make organizations more productive, effective, and efficient.
Management has existed since ancient times but became a scientific discipline in the 19th century. Early management examples include large projects by ancient Romans, Egyptians, and Chinese that required planning, organizing people, and coordination. In the 18th century, Adam Smith described specialization and division of labor as drivers of efficiency. The Industrial Revolution led to new large factories needing managers to train workers operating machines. Scientific management theory was developed in the early 20th century focusing on efficiency. Henri Fayol identified five management functions and 14 principles. Max Weber studied authority structures and relationships. Elton Mayo showed productivity increases with employee empowerment. Total quality management uses quantitative techniques. Modern management considers external environmental factors and internal influences.
grade 11 organization and management: lesson 1LezelCRamos
Management refers to coordinating work activities to achieve organizational goals. It involves teamwork and people working harmoniously. Management is essential in any organization and is goal-oriented, universal, continuous, multi-disciplinary, and both a science and an art. Early management theories focused on physical resources and job tasks, while later theories emphasized psychology and group relationships. The systems approach views the organization as an adaptive system that must adjust to its environment through interconnected subsystems like input, process, output, feedback, and the external environment.
This document outlines the evolution of management theories from classical to modern approaches. It begins by defining management and management theories. The classical approaches are then described, including scientific management pioneered by Taylor which focused on efficiency. Administrative theories by Fayol and Weber emphasized formal structure. The behavioral school emerged next, exemplified by Mayo who stressed the importance of human relationships. Maslow's hierarchy of needs also influenced this period. Later, quantitative and contingency approaches analyzed organizational problems using mathematical and statistical methods to improve decision making. Modern theories strive for a balanced focus on both technical and human aspects of management.
Concepts of Management,Theory & School of Management,.pptxParthGupta524776
Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling resources (people, finances, materials, and information) to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently. It involves coordinating the efforts of people to achieve the goals and objectives of an organization using available resources efficiently. Management is essential at all levels of an organization and in all types of organizations, whether it's a small business, a government agency, a non-profit organization, or a multinational corporation.
The document discusses several key concepts in management:
1. It defines management as tactfully managing men, technology, teams, competencies, objectives, and resources to achieve results.
2. Several management theorists are discussed, including their definitions of management and contributions to the field.
3. The five universal management functions are identified as planning, organizing, coordinating, motivating, and controlling.
This document discusses organizational behavior and related concepts. It defines organizational behavior as the study of how individuals and groups act within organizations and how their behaviors affect organizational performance. It outlines several key skills managers need, including technical, human, and conceptual skills. The document also provides a brief history of organizational behavior theory and discusses some of the challenges and opportunities in the field.
Here are some key points to consider when planning:
Characteristics of Good Planning:
- Be Specific and Realistic
- Consider Alternatives and Contingencies
- Coordinate Plans with other Functions and Departments
- Review and Revise Plans Periodically
The document discusses several definitions and perspectives on management. It provides definitions from scholars such as Koontz, Terry, Follett, and Fayol. Koontz defines management as maintaining an environment where individuals can efficiently accomplish aims through planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling. Terry sees management as distinct activities of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling to achieve objectives. Follett views management as the art of getting things done through people. The document also outlines Fayol's 14 principles of management and discusses scientific management approaches from Taylor and Gantt.
This document discusses the evolution of management theory from early civilizations through modern approaches. It covers several major theories:
- Pre-classical developments laid the groundwork for modern management as organizations grew during the Industrial Revolution.
- Classical theories from the 1900s focused on universal principles, including Scientific Management which aimed to optimize workers' efficiency, Administrative Theory which outlined managers' duties, and Bureaucracy Theory emphasizing hierarchy and rules.
- Neo-classical theories recognized human needs and social factors, exemplified by the Human Relations School which emphasized treating workers as individuals and group members.
- Modern theories take a systems view of dynamic organizations and contingency-based approaches tailored to different situations. The
The document summarizes the historical development of management perspectives from classical, scientific, administrative, and bureaucratic approaches to behavioral, quantitative, systems, contingency, and integrative frameworks. It discusses key contributors like Taylor, Fayol, Mayo, Maslow, and McGregor and their influences on management thought. Contemporary perspectives emphasize recognizing internal/external influences, contingency-based responses, and an integrative approach to enhance efficiency and understanding of individual/group behavior.
Industrial management i ii iii iv units materials [pls vis it our blog sres11...Sres IImeches
This document provides an introduction to industrial management. It discusses key concepts in management including definitions of management, the nature of management as multidisciplinary and dynamic, and management functions. It also covers the evolution of management thought including scientific management by Taylor and administrative management theory by Fayol. Taylor's principles of scientific management aimed to optimize productivity through time and motion studies and standardization of work processes. Fayol identified 14 principles of management including division of work, authority, and discipline. The document also briefly discusses Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y of management styles.
Management involves coordinating efforts to accomplish organizational goals efficiently using available resources. It includes planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling. Management is both a business function and an academic discipline. Historically, management theories and functions have developed from military organization, accounting practices, and advice literature for rulers. Modern management focuses on satisfying stakeholders, creating value, and achieving objectives.
The document discusses strategic approaches to management science. It begins by explaining the origins of management science in operational research groups during World War II. It then defines the management science approach as applying the scientific method to solve mathematical equations representing organizational systems. The document outlines key characteristics of the management science approach and contrasts it with scientific management. It also discusses related fields like operations management, management information systems, and attempts to integrate different approaches through contingencies theory and general systems theory. Finally, it covers some recent trends like Theory Z management and principles of excellent companies.
Pharmaceutical Business Management:
Management is a wide ranging concept and human instinctual activity which Plans,
Organize,
Directs,
Co-Ordinates,
Controls,
Motivates and
Management As Science & Art
Development Of Management Thoughts
Contribution Of Scientist In Modern Management
Characteristics Of Management
Decides
about “use of human and other resources to attain organizational objectives.
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Theories of management assignment 1(1)Banele Ngobe
The document discusses the classical and human relations approaches to management. It provides background on management theories from the 19th and 20th centuries, including scientific management by Taylor, administrative theory by Fayol, and bureaucracy by Weber as classical approaches. These focused on efficiency and structure. The human relations approach emerged in response, exemplified by Mayo's Hawthorne Studies which found social and psychological factors influenced productivity. The document examines how these classical and human relations principles remain influential in modern management approaches and companies like McDonald's, Nestle, and others.
1. Management is defined as the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling resources to achieve organizational goals. It involves functions like goal setting, performance evaluation, and developing an operating philosophy.
2. Management is a continuous process that involves getting work done through people in a formal group setting. It uses knowledge from various disciplines like economics, psychology, and sociology.
3. Management aims to utilize resources efficiently and improve performance to satisfy stakeholders like owners, employees, customers, and the public. The primary objective is to run the enterprise smoothly and earn a profit.
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1ch1 cocepte معدل
1. 7
Chapter One
The Concepts & principles of management
1- Introduction:
In the early of twentieth century, the management
Approached to the natural sciences, and it's became have
references that taught in schools and college.
At the beginning of scientific management At 1911
"Frederick Winslow Taylor" developed the scientific
management techniques, and "Henri Fayol" was one of the
most influential contributors to modern concepts of
management.
2. 8
During World War II Period, several of Scientifics were
developed techniques of management science, even some of
Scientifics were considered the World War II period as the
beginning of management science, not at the beginning of
twentieth century.
After World War II, the management became based on a set
of principles, methods, and concepts of contemporary
scientific, Which targeted completion of works by others, and
resorted to experiment, and derived from it; several
principles and duties, instead of based on the personals
attempts or trial and error.
3. 9
2- Management Concept :
Management Science is a social Science that related
with; regulation & technical skills, such as: planning,
organizing, directing and controlling, to overcome the
encountered problems, and take appropriate decisions
to achieve the organize goals, with efficiency and
effectiveness, taking into consideration internal and
external influences of the environment work.
.
What are the efficiency and effectiveness?
- Efficiency: use the resources best using.
- Effectiveness: Achievement best results and Effectiveness
related with Efficiency.
-
-
-
4. 10
3- definitions of management:
There are many most important definitions for management
according to several Scientifics as following.
A-The management definition From "Frederick Winslow
Taylor" perspective,
"To know exactly what you want, then make sure that
individuals achieve their works with best and cheapest
way possible."
.
B- The management definition From "Henri Fayol"
(1841–1925) perspective,
"Management consists of six functions: forecasting,
planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and
controlling, Then "Fayol” puts 14 Principles of
Management as follow.
-
5. 11
14 Principles of Management as said:
1-The division of labor
2- Unit direction
3- Unit command
4- Discipline
5- System
6- initiative
7- Centralization.
8- Team spirit
9- Pay equity
10-chain of command (Authorities include)
11- General benefit
12- Authority and responsibility
13- The stability of work
14- Equality unity of direction.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6. 12
-
-
The management definition From " Max Weber perspective,
he said that any organization must be represented in a
bureaucratic system based on a hierarchical, and the power
come down from the top to the base, while General Director
Give his order to the Manager at the main departments
(Human resources - finance. Production& Operations and
Marketing department).
The following figure shows the Hierarchy of authority.
7. 13
9/26/2012- dr ramadan
elnagar
ahmedramadan2758@yahoo.com 37
The management definition as "Mary Parker Follett" (1868–
1933), she defined management as another way of thinking,
Management: is a type of thinking that actually diagnoses and
identify problems and constraints faced by Objectives that seek to
achieve them. And elements of the administrative process
(management activities) are four:
8. 14
1- Planning
2- Organization
3- Guidance, leadership and operating Direction .
4- Control and supervision and follow-up controlling & supervision
& monitoring.
–––-
––
–
The management definition According to "Peter Drucker"
(1909–2005): the basic task of a management is twofold:
marketing and innovation.
" The art of getting things done through people". he described
management as philosophy.
-
According to The author can defined management as
open system:
That system is based on the sciences , concepts , principles &
modern methods to achieve the goal of the organization,
using the resources available with highest degree of
9. 15
efficiency and effectiveness, with take regard of the
surrounding environmental and social responsibility,
especially the rights of future generations.
4- Management activities & Functions :
Management activities & Functions; are Organizing
and coordination of the activities of an enterprise
accordance with certain policies, and implementation
of the works by others, using the Management
Function such as; planning , organizing , guidance and
control, in order to achieve organization goals.
5- Publically of management:
management are Applied at all organizations, whether formal
or not official, the hospital is managed by the doctor, and the
school is managed by the teacher, the factory is run by the
10. 16
engineer, and so on, and the management task at any
Commission regardless of the kind; is to achieve the results
that institute found for it, whether: Ministry, or company, or
university, or college, or hospital or club, or even at house,...
Etc...
6- Management mission:
management is a member institution is responsible for achieving
results for which they found such an institution in society,
management is the responsibility of the commissioning of the
community to achieve the best results using the elements (physical
and human) appropriate, and use those elements to use optimized
with the achievement of (continuity) the work of a delicate balance
between the requirements of the present and the future.
7- Management Mission Focused in the Following Points:
11. 17
o Report the results to be achieved.
o Selection of the fittest elements to be used here to achieve the
desired results (effectiveness).
o Make the necessary arrangements for the use of those
elements best use (efficiently).
o -Ensure the continuity of the organization in achieving its
results, so that a balance occurs between the requirements of
the short-term and long term.
8- Dimensions of task management :
The main management mission by achieving the following
three dimensions (economic, social, time).
The main task of management by achieving the following three
dimensions (economic, social, time)
12. 18
1 - Economic dimension1
:
- To achieve the main goal of organization with efficiency and
effectiveness.
-Efficiency: to use the resources of organization best using.
(Efficiency) = Output ÷ Input.
- Effectiveness: to achieve best results through using the appropriate
elements best using (effectiveness).
2- Social dimension.
- Interest in the human dimension.
-Coordination between human needs and objectives of the
organization, which depends on the efficiency of the qualitative
study human behavior.
Achieve self-development through education and training.
Administrative coordination and cooperation to achieve harmony
and full cooperation between the leaders.
3-The time dimension.
Achieve the objectives of the organization at present and the future,
especially taking into account the rights of future generations.
Implementation of the tasks at present.
Implementation of the tasks in the future to be established in the
case of permanent readiness to cope with environmental variables,
and preserving the rights of future generations in life in terms of
social responsibility.
1 The Wealth of NationsWritten in 1776 by Adam Smith, a Scottishmoral
philosopher, The Wealth of Nations aims for efficient organization of work
through Specialization of labor. Smith described how changes in processes
could boost productivity in the manufacture of pins. While individuals could
produce 200 pins per day, Smith analyzed the steps involved in manufacture
and, with 10 specialists, enabled production of 48,000 pins per day.
13. 19
-----
9- Management elements :
Management elements consists of major groups as the
following
1) A set of administrative & leadership that characterized
the capabilities and management skills .
2) A set of activities or functions (planning - organization -
Guidance - control.
3) Knowledge and concepts introduced and developed by
scientists and practitioners of management.
4) Financial, material and human resources used.
14. 20
5) The surrounding environment (external - internal) for the
project..
:
( ---–
10- Importance of management:
Rational management achieved the desires of all (whether
society or projects or development) with efficiently and
effectively, but they are only capable with its tools and
capabilities and skills to reconcile the conflicting interests of
the parties may appear in many cases, including the conflict
of interest as bearers the project and the workers and the
community.
The management is also an important role in directing the
collective efforts of all kinds and levels, and the growing
importance of management the more the wheel of economic
15. 21
variables and social technology which requires proficiency in
the application of the principles of management for
community needs to collective efforts in a spirit of
cooperation and teamwork to achieve goals, and in the
current era, management is successful necessary for the
following reasons:
(1)The large size organizations and increase the need for
different specialties, which shows the importance of
planning, organization, coordination and oversight.
(2)Intense competition in the market, which requires
innovation in production methods and in the tools to
achieve economic savings.
(3) The increasing scarcity of natural resources, which
requires the development of human resources capable to
detect alternative resources.
(4)Increasing administrative problems, the complexity and
interrelatedness of the areas of administrative work and
increase the dynamic variables that surround the
organizations, which requires the emergence of a need for
management to modern methods for managing these
problems, depending on the scientific method rather than
the method of trial and error, which is no longer valid to
address these problems.
18. 24
Importance of management
Projects
projects
ent
Developmen
t
Society
Removing
the
contradiction
between
Avoid
Failure
Achieve
efficiency and
production
efficiency
Optimum use and efficient for all of
society's resources
Human
resour
ces
Material
resources
Knowledge
and
technology
Increasing sophistication and progress and
the advancement of efficient in all scall of
development
Others
Cultur
al politica
l
EconomicSocial
Owner
s
Employeescommunity desires
Sports -diplomatic - - religious - education - health – care-
Military – Housing - Construction - civil rights associations -
associations of consumer protection - the development of
democracy . Agriculture-industry…etc
... etc.
19. 25
11- Management principles:
Management principles Is a set of basic facts that are applicable
under certain circumstances and where the principles are
interrelated and coherent set of ideas they are the theory of the
subject, who devised principles for it., and The following are the
most important theories that have affected at the process of
management which include the following topics:
1- The traditional2
school or scientific management movement:
2 - Human Relations School.
3- Behavioral Sciences School.
4- Environment and management.
5- Systems theory.
.
2
By about 1900 one finds managers trying to place their theories on what
they regarded as a thoroughly scientific basis (see scientism for perceived
limitations of this belief). Examples include Henry R. Towne's Science of
management in the 1890s, Frederick Winslow Taylor's The Principles of
Scientific Management (1911), Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's Applied motion
study (1917), and Henry L. Gantt's charts (1910s). J. Duncan wrote the first
college management textbook in 1911. In 1912 Yoichi Ueno introduced
Taylorism to Japan and became first management consultant of the
"Japanese-management style". His son Ichiro Ueno pioneered Japanese
quality assurance.
20. 26
As the general recognition of managers as a class solidified
during the 20th century and gave perceived practitioners of the
art/science of management a certain amount of prestige, so the. In
this context many management fads may have had more to do
with pop psychology than with scientific theories of management.
Business management came to consist of six separate branches,
namely:
Human resource management
Operations management or production management
Marketing management
Financial management
Information technology management responsible for
management information systems.
Strategic management
21. 27
In the 21st century observers find it increasingly difficult to
subdivide management into functional categories in this way at
20th century.
At 20th century the management needs More and more processes
simultaneously involve several categories.
In the 21st century existed new Branches of management relating
to nonprofits and government organizations : such as public
administration, public management, and educational
management. Further, management programs related to civil-
society organizations have also spawned programs in nonprofit
management and social entrepreneurship.