2. Turmoil
Religious & Political
Queen Elizabeth dies 1603
King James 1603-1625
King Charles 1625-1649
Oliver Cromwell 1642 - 1660
King Charles II 1660 - 1685
“GLORIOUS REVOLUTION”
3. The Controversy
Royal family are Anglican
(Catholic sympathizers)
WHILE
Common people are
Protestant sympathizers
5. King James
Not a picture of health…
-- crippling arthritis
-- weak limbs
-- colic (digestion problems)
-- gout
-- difficulty walking
-- tongue problems
After numerous attempts on his
life, he required constant care.
Invented British flag -- combined England's red cross of
St. George with Scotland's white cross of St. Andrew.
7. King James &
the Non-conformists
“I shall make them
conform themselves
or I will harry them
out of the land, or
else…do worse.”
8. Angers Parliament
Angers Puritans
Private arrests, trials
Catholicize worship (High
Church)
Last straw - Presbyterian
Scots & the new liturgy!
King Charles
9. CIVIL WAR
Roundheads = Puritans
Cavaliers = Royal Loyalists
Council of State - backed by revolutionary
officers
Cromwell assumes control as “Lord
Protector of the Commonwealth”
The Bloody Revolution!
King Charles beheaded
in 1649!
11. The Restoration
Cromwell’s death
dooms Puritan rule
Parliament asks King
Charles II back from
exile in Holland
People revolted vs.
Puritan strictness
13. Charles II
Catholic sympathizer
Repressive religious
measures
Allied to Catholic
France
Discontent grows vs.
monarchy
14. James II
Catholic sympathizer
appoints Catholics to
influential govt &
military posts
Vatican reps in court
religious persecution
of Scottish Protestants
15. Glorious Revolution
(Bloodless Revolution)
William of Orange
(Protestant)
Mary (James II’s
daughter)
Parliament asks
them to rule in
place of James II
New limited monarchy
19. Cavalier Poets
-- Lovelace, Suckling, Herrick --
Anglican
supporters of the King
topics of wine, women, war
& love
simple & easy to understand
avoided religious topics
witty & satirical
“Tribe of Ben”
20. Metaphysical Poets
-- Donne, Herbert, later Herrick --
Protestant
Not happy with the King
religious & philosophical topics
challenging, demanding, symbolic
metaphysical conceits – unusual
metaphors
21. John Milton
Paradise Lost (over 10,000 lines)
Puritan look at fall into sin
“justify the ways of God to man”
great English classic
17th Century
Poetry
22. 17th Century Poetry
John Dryden
Poet laureate of Charles II
Neoclassic style (odes &
satires)
literary criticism
essayist - “father of
modern prose”
translator
debater
23. 17th Century Drama
He was not of an age, but for all time.
-- To the Memory of Shakespeare
Ben Jonson
Comedies
- Satiric Comedy
- Tragicomedy
- Comedy of Manners
Puritans close theater
Actresses acceptable by
end of century
24. 17th Century Prose
Scientific writing
Hobbes & Locke –
Philosophical writing
Izaak Walton –
The Compleat Angler
John Dryden –
Literary criticism
Samuel Pepys –
The Diary (in code)
John Bunyan –
The Pilgrim’s Progress
King James Bible
25. John Bunyan
Our Father which in heaven art,
Thy name be always hallowed;
Thy kingdom come, thy will be done;
Thy heavenly path be followed
By us on earth as 'tis with thee,
We humbly pray;
And let our bread us given be,
From day to day.
Forgive our debts as we forgive
Those that to us indebted are:
Into temptation lead us not,
But save us from the wicked snare.
The kingdom's thine, the power too,
We thee adore;
The glory also shall be thine
For evermore.
27. Samuel Pepys –
Diary Writer
June 15th
The Duke of Yorke not yet come
to town. The town grows very
sickly, and people to be afeared
of it - there dying this last wek of
the plague 112, from 43 the week
before - whereof, one in
Fanchurch-street and one in
Broadstreete by the Treasurer's
office.
28. Watch for . . .
Spelling becoming set (1st dictionaries)
Satire - moral writing to expose evil
Heroic couplet in poetry
Rise of comedies
Shakespeare considered “rough,
uncultured” - not often performed
