The document discusses the Blue Brain project, which aims to create the first virtual human brain through detailed computer simulation. It explains that the Blue Brain would function similarly to a natural human brain by receiving input, interpreting it, and generating output. The project involves modeling the electrical and molecular structures of neural circuits and neurons. Once complete, researchers hope to upload the contents of a natural brain into the virtual brain using nanobots to scan brain structure and activity. The Blue Brain would allow storing and utilizing a person's intelligence even after death.

1. Blue Brain
By---
Madhurima Banerjee
Under the guidance of---
Mrs. Varalakshmi B.D
Associate Professor,
Dept. of CSE, AcIT
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2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS BLUE BRAIN
 WHAT IS VIRTUAL BRAIN
 FUNCTION OF NATURAL BRAIN
 BRAIN SIMULATION
 CURRENT RESEARCH WORK
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGE
 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
 REQUIREMENT
 CONCLUSION
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3. INTRODUCTION
 Human brain, the most valuable creation of
God. Human is called intelligent because of the
brain. But we lose the knowledge of a brain when the
body is destroyed after the death .
 “BLUE BRAIN”- The name of the world’s first virtual
brain. That means a machine that can function as
human brain.
 Is it really possible to create a human brain?
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4. WHAT IS BLUE BRAIN?
 “YES", The IBM is now developing a virtual
brain known as the BLUE BRAIN.
 It would be the world’s first virtual brain.
Within 30 years, we will be able to scan
ourselves into the computers.
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5. WHAT IS VIRTUAL BRAIN?
 A machine that can function as brain.
 It can take decision.
 It can think.
 It can respond.
 It can keep things in memory.
 It also has feelings and emotions.
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6. WHY WE NEED VIRTUAL BRAIN?
 To upload contents of the natural brain into it.
 To keep the intelligence , knowledge and skill
of any person for ever .
 To remember things without any effort .
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7. FUNCTIONING OF BRAIN
 Sensory Input :-
Receiving input such as sound ,image, etc
through sensory cell .
 Interpretation.
Interpretation of the received input by the brain by
defining states of neurons in the brain.
 Motor Output.
Receiving of electric responses from the brain to
perform any action .
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8. BRAIN SIMULATION
NATURAL BRAIN VS SIMULATED BRAIN
INPUT INPUT
 Through the natural  Through the silicon chip
neurons. or artificial neurons.
INTERPRETATION INTERPRETATION
 By different states of  By a set of bits in the
the neurons in the brain. set of register.
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9. OUTPUT OUTPUT
 Through the natural  Through the silicon
neurons. chip.
PROCESSING PROCESSING
 Through arithmetic and  Through arithmetic and
logical calculations. logical calculation and
artificial intelligence.
MEMORY MEMORY
 Through permanent  Through Secondary
states of neurons. memory.
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10. STEPS INVOLVED
 The team will start by modeling the electrical
structure of neural circuits repeated throughout
the brain and then map and model their
behavior.
 Once complete, they will move onto creating a
molecular model of the neurons involved and a
complete neocortex (the largest and most
complex part of the human brain) before
modelling the rest of the brain.
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11. ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
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12. Now there is no question on how the virtual brain will
work. But the question is how the human brain will
be uploaded into it???
This is possible due to the fast growing technology.
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13. UPLOADING HUMAN BRAIN
 The uploading is possible by the use of small
robots known as the nanobots.
 These robots are small enough to travel through
out our circulatory system.
 Traveling into the spine and brain, they will be
able to monitor the activity and structure of our
central nervous system.
 They will be able to provide an interface with
computer while we still reside in our biological
form .
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14.  Nanobots could also carefully scan the structure
of our brain, providing a complete readout of
the connection.
 This information, when entered into a
computer, could then continue to function as us.
 Thus the data stored in the entire brain will be
uploaded into the computer.
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15. Simulating the micro circuit
 Once the microcircuit is built, the exciting
work of making the circuit function can begin.
All the 8192 processors of the Blue Gene are
pressed into service, in a massively parallel
computation solving the complex mathematical
equations that govern the electrical activity in
each neuron when a stimulus is applied.
 As the electrical impulse travels from neuron
to neuron, the results are communicated via
inter-processor communication.
 Currently, the time required to simulate the
circuit is about two orders of magnitude larger
than the actual biological time simulated.
 The Blue Brain team is working to streamline
the computation so that the circuit can function
in real time - meaning that 1 second of activity
can be modeled in one second
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16. RESEARCH WORK
 IBM developing the “Blue brain” .
 IBM, in partnership with scientists at
Switzerland’s Ecole Polytechnique Federale De
Lausanne’s(EPFL) Brain and Mind Institute will
begin simulating the brain’s biological systems .
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NEWS: The EPFL Blue Gene was the 8th fastest supercomputer in the world

17. Examples Of Utilization Of Blue Brain
• A very good example of the use of Blue Brain is in
the case of “Short Term Memory Loss”.
•Another situation is when a person gets older,then
he/she starts forgetting things or takes more time to
recognize something.
•For the above reasons,we need a Blue Brain.It is a
simple chip that can be installed into the human
brain for which the short term memory or the
volatile memory in old age can be avoided.
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18. ADVANTAGES
• Remembering things without any effort.
• Making decision without the presence of a person.
• Using intelligence of a person after the death .
• Understanding the activities of animals .
• Allowing the deaf to hear via direct nerve
• stimulation.
DISADVANTAGES
• We become dependent upon the computer .
• Others may use technical knowledge against us.
• Costly method.
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19. HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE REQUIRMENT
 22.8 TFLOPS peak processing speed.
 8,096 CPUs at 700 MHz (downgraded to handle
massive parallel processing).
 256MB to 512MB memory per processor.
 Linux and C++ software.
 100 kilowatts power consumption.
 Very powerful Nanobots to act as the interface
between the natural brain and the computer.
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20. CONCLUSION
 We will be able to transfer ourselves into
computers at some point. Most arguments
against this outcome are seemingly easy to
circumvent.
 The only serious threats raised are also
overcome as we note the combination of
biological and digital technologies.
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21. REFERENCES
[1] “Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society”, 2008. EMBS
2008. 30th Annual
International Conference of the IEEE
[2] Henry Markram, “The Blue Brain Project”, Nature Reviews
Neuroscience 2006
February.
[3] Simulated brain closer to thought BBC News 22 April 2009.
[4] “Project Milestones”. Blue Brain.
http://bluebrain.epfl.ch/Jahia/site/bluebrain/op/edit/pid/19085
[5] Graham-Rowe, Duncan. “Mission to build a simulated brain
begins”, NewScientist,
June 2005. pp. 1879-85.
[6] Blue Gene: http://www.research.ibm.com/bluegene
[7] The Blue Brain Project: http://bluebrainproject.epfl.ch
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22. [***Thank You***]
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