This document discusses the religious dimensions of wampum for Indigenous traditions like the Iroquois, challenging conventional understandings of religion. It explores how wampum represented cosmological attributes and was used to record agreements and stories. For Europeans, wampum became the basis for the trans-Atlantic fur trade and the development of colonial America, with wampum factories on Long Island. The document examines how money came to take on religious aspects for modern societies and contrasts this with Indigenous views of wampum and the natural world. It calls for recognizing Indigenous peoples' cultural differences and voices at the international level.
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This is a presentation I gave on 1 February 2018 at the “Africa-China/China-Africa mobilities” workshop at the University of Cologne. In "Vacation in the Third Space: Chinese tourists travelling on a European cruise to African islands", I ponder the issue of cross-cultural communication and understanding, drawing on the concept of “Third Space” (Bhabha, 1994). In the case presented, Chinese tourists, the Asian staff on the cruise ship, and residents of the islands visited (Mauritius, Seychelles, and the Reunion island) were able to create a ‘Third Space’ and engage in genuine conversations, despite cultural differences and ignorance.
Vacation in the Third Space: Chinese tourists travelling on a European Cruise...Chen Tian
This is a presentation I gave on 1 February 2018 at the “Africa-China/China-Africa mobilities” workshop at the University of Cologne. In "Vacation in the Third Space: Chinese tourists travelling on a European cruise to African islands", I ponder the issue of cross-cultural communication and understanding, drawing on the concept of “Third Space” (Bhabha, 1994). In the case presented, Chinese tourists, the Asian staff on the cruise ship, and residents of the islands visited (Mauritius, Seychelles, and the Reunion island) were able to create a ‘Third Space’ and engage in genuine conversations, despite cultural differences and ignorance.
Sample Report on Importance of Museum, Heritage and Cultural TourismAmelia Jones
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Presentation for a creative writing course at the Johns Hopkins Center for Talented Youth. For the purposes of our writing activities, we defined legends as stories based in truth with unbelievable elements and myths as stories that explain why something has come to pass OR the tale of a hero.
Workplace Flexibility:Creating a Legend in Its Own Timeshrmi
Workplace Flexibility:Creating a Legend in Its Own Time. Workplace Flexibility is the dynamic relationship about how, when and where work is done and how careers are organized that works for both the employer and the employee.
Sample Report on Importance of Museum, Heritage and Cultural TourismAmelia Jones
Read sample report on Museum, Heritage and Cultural Tourism by the expert writers of Global Assignment Help and know the importance of heritage and museums and the vital role of cultural tourism. We are offering up to 50% off on our academic writing services. Don't miss this great deal and order your document now!!!
Presentation for a creative writing course at the Johns Hopkins Center for Talented Youth. For the purposes of our writing activities, we defined legends as stories based in truth with unbelievable elements and myths as stories that explain why something has come to pass OR the tale of a hero.
Workplace Flexibility:Creating a Legend in Its Own Timeshrmi
Workplace Flexibility:Creating a Legend in Its Own Time. Workplace Flexibility is the dynamic relationship about how, when and where work is done and how careers are organized that works for both the employer and the employee.
Renaissance art, literature, as proof of European survival of the Plague. Chinese recovery after Mongols- proof: Zheng He, Trade Empire, Ming.
Europeans take to the waves!
7. What is Religion?
• Exchange
• Indigenous traditions challenge conventional
(i.e., Constitutional) understandings of
religion
• Not strictly ideological--material
• Status of researcher as a participant in
cultural critique and creation
8. Wampum
• Worked shell bead
from the quahoag shell
10. Wampum’s Value
• Purple (black) and
white
– Cosmological attributes
of Earth/Sky,
Night/Day, Creator
Twins
• Purity of intention
– Living force of words
spoken into wampum
and from wampum into
speaker
11. Hiawantha Belt of the
Haudenosaunee Confederacy
• Story of the
Peacemaker and
Hiawantha
• Condolence
– Grief as a sudden
disjunction between
humans and creation
– Wampum restores
relations
13. Wampum Belts
• “Two-Row Wampum”--Guswentha
– Treaty between Haudenosaunee and Dutch 1613
– Residence and exchange as equals
• Non-interference agreement
– Dutch version discovered in 1968
• Emphasis on exclusivity of trade relationship
15. European Wampum
• Wampum as Money
– Tied to the Development of Colonial America
• Access to Beaver pelts
– Basis of trans-Atlantic commerce
– Creation of NYC (JJ Astor), Erie Canal
• Long Island factories
– Last “wampum mint” closed in 1899
– Reorganized worlds of Native and Europeans
• Exchange rate: 3 white/1 black to British penny
16. Wampum and Money: Expor-ations of
Religion as Exchange
• For Haudenosaunee • For Europeans wampum
wampum is an was the basis for trans-
expression of the Atlantic trade
cosmos – Extending colonial
– Extending the empires through
Confederacy through commerce
Condolence – Wampum as money
– Wampum as being • Immigrant phenomenon
• Indigenous phenomenon
17. Money and Native Americans
• Monetary exchange
network (Global
economy) has been the
most detrimental to
Native communities
– Not religion, per se
– Modern notion of
money derived from
Christian worldview
19. Money as Religion
• “Total fact” of modern existence
– Everything is evaluated with respect to monetary
value
• Symbolic, mythic, “faith based,”
• Materiality of our current existence
• Wampum clarifies religious nature of money
– No joke
20. Theology of Money
• Sacred reality is removed
from material life
– Anthrocentric emphasis
• Everything is here for
human beings
• God or Creator is “otiosus”
– Sign of God in money
– Removed from Creation
• Creates a dangerous world
21. Basic Call to Consciousness
What has befallen Native American people
will befall us all
• Environmental degradation
– Expressed in weather and sickness
• Loss of cultural identity
• Not apocalyptic; no sense of optimism
– Self-fulfilling prophecy of Religions which
emphasize the end
22. Native Nations and the UN
• World Stage that respects cultural differences
• Since 1978 there has developed a Indigenous
peoples consultation
– Lead by Oren Lyons of Onondaga
– Haudenosaunee passports
• Quote page 90
– World at a critical point
23. UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous
Issues
• http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/index.h
tml
• Meeting at UN NYC every spring
• Discussions of the Doctrine of Discovery as a
critical aspect of Indigenous survival