This document discusses the relationship between sociology and architecture. It covers how different types of societies, from hunter-gatherers to industrialized, influenced architecture for shelter, infrastructure, religion, and more. Key social institutions like family, education, and religion shaped architectural needs and forms. The role of architects in modern society includes considering social, sustainable, and technical factors. Methods for studying social interaction are also summarized, such as ethnomethodology and symbolic interactionism.

1. SOCIOLOGY OF
ARCHITECTURE

2. SOCIOL
OGY

3. ARCHITECT
URE

4. SOCIOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE

5. HUNTER
GATHERERS
AGRICULTURE

6. SHELTER, WATER SUPPLY,
DRAINAGE

7. ENTERTAINMENT,
RELIG

8. TRADE/ CONQUESTS/
COLONISATION

9. • WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY?
• WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE?
• RELATION B/W SOCIOLOGY &
ARCHITECTURE
• HUNTER GATHERERS
• AGRICULTURE
• SHELTER, WATER SUPPLY, DRAINAGE
• ENTERTAINMENT, RELIGION
• TRADE/ CONQUESTS/ COLONISATION

10. ROLE OF
ARCHITECTS IN
MODERN
SOCIETY• THOUGHT-CRITICAL THINKING-PROBLEM SOLVING/ STRATEGY/
MANAGEMENT
• DESIGN-GOOD RESPONSIBLE DESIGN/ CONCEPT/ FUNCTION/ BEAUTY/
FLEXIBILITY
• SUSTAINABLE (ORIENTATION, NATURAL LIGHT, RECYCLE) /IMPACT, ENERGY,
CLIMATE, VERNACULAR/ CONTEXT
• HISTORY V/S MODERN (TECHNOLOGY)
• SAFETY/ STRUCTURE
• EDUCATION/ TRAIN/ SOCIAL/ FUTURE
• SPACE/ PLANNING /SOCIETY/ LANDSCAPING/LANDCHOICE
• CLIENT/ BUDGET/ LAWS/ MAINTENANCE

11. • ‘SOCIOUS’- GEOGRAPHICAL
TERRITORY/ POLITICAL AUTHORITY/
CULTURE
• INDIVIDUAL-GROUP-SOCIETY
• SOCIAL INTERACTION- WHY?
SOCIE
TY

12. TYPES OF SOCIETY
HUNTER GATHERERS
PASTORAL
HORTICULTURISTS
AGRICULTURAL
INDUSTRIAL
POST-INDUSTRIAL
RURAL SOCIETY
URBAN SOCIETY

13. TYPES OF SOCIETY
URBAN SOCIETY RURAL SOCIETY
DENSITY VERY DENSE SETTLEMENT/ POPULATION OPEN SETTLEMENTS
MATERIALS, BRICK, STONE, STEEL, CONCRETE, GLASS; MUD, STRAW (BRICK, CONCRETE);
ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION (SLUMS, HAPHAZARD),
LOW COST HOUSING, SUSTAINABLE
FAMILY,EDUCATION, LABOUR
SUSTAINABLE
INFRASTRUCTURE WELL DEVELOPED, UNDER STRAIN POOR
SOCIAL LIFE COMPLEX, DIVERSITY, FASTER SOCIAL
CHANGE
LOCAL PEOPLE, TRADITIONAL
RITUALS, PANCHAYAT, SLOW SOCIAL
CHANGE
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS FAST, FORMAL, RECIPROCAL, ANONYMITY INFORMAL, SINCERITY, MUTUAL
HELP
PROFESSIONS LARGE NUMBER, INDUSTRY,
MECHANISATION, SERVICE, SPECIALISATION,
OPPORTUNITY
AGRICULTURE, LABOUR, SHOPS
LITERACY HIGH LOW TO MEDIUM

14. TYPES OF SOCIETY
HUNTER
GATHERERS
PASTORAL HORTICULT
URAL
AGRICULTUR
AL
INDUSTRIAL POST-
INDUSTRIAL
MOBILITY/
SETTLEMEN
T
MOBILE/
NOMADIC
MOBILE LESS
MOBILE
SETTLEMEN
TS, LARGER
TOWNS
CITIES CITIES
FOOD
PRODUCTIO
N
HUNTING,
GATHERING
DOMESTICATI
ON OF
ANIMALS,
LITTLE
SURPLUS
FRUITS,
VEGETABLE
S GARDENS
TECHNOLOG
Y FOR
CROPS,
LARGE AREA
REVOLUTIO
N,
MECHANIS
ED
MECHANISE
D
LABOUR/
PROFESSIO
N
= TRADERS,
CRAFTSMEN,
HEALERS,
SPIRITUAL
LEADERS
OCCASIOAL
SURPLUS,
OTHER
PROFESSIO
NS
GREATER
SURPLUS,
LARGE
POPU.,≠,
CONFLICT
FACTORIES,
POWER,
UNIONS,
BUREAUCR
ACY
INFORMATION,
KNOWLEDGE,
SERVICES,
EDUCATION,
↓≠

15. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
• SYSTEM/ ESTABLISHED WAY/
PATTERN OF BEHAVIOUR
• INTERDEPENDENT
• 5 MAIN- FAMILY, EDUCATION,
RELIGION, ECONOMY, POLITICS

16. FAMILY
• BASIC UNIT/ NUCLEUS/ UNITED BY TIES/
SOCIAL ROLE
• EDUCATION
• FACTORS- ECONOMIC, MIGRATION,
EDUCATION
• ARCHITECTURE-SMALLER, LOW COST,
HIGH RISE, SUSTAINABLE,FLEXIBLE

17. EDUCATION
• INFORMAL/ FORMAL – DESIGN,
PLANNED EFFORT
• FUNCTION- SKILLS, SOCIAL,
RESEARCH
• ARCHITECTURE-GURUKUL,
TREE, VILLAGE, FORMAL

18. RELIGION
• DEFINITION, BETTER LIFE,
• CONDUCT, BEHAVIOUR,
CONFLICT, ISSUES
• ARCHITECTURE-TEMPLES,
MOSQUES, CHURCHES, STUPAS,
SYNAGOGUES

19. • ROLE OF ARCHITECTS IN MODERN SOCIETY
• SOCIETY
• TYPES OF SOCIETY
• SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
• FAMILY
• EDUCATION
• RELIGION

20. SOCIAL INTERACTION –
• EXCHANGE/ RELATIONSHIP - RULES/
INSTITUTIONS/ SYSTEMS
• TYPES
• ACCIDENTAL, REPEATED, REGULAR AND
REGULATED
• VERBAL/ NON-VERBAL
• ROLE
• METHODS OF STUDY
• ETHNOMETHODOLOGY
• SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM

21. SOCIAL
INTERACTION –
NON VERBAL
• BODY LANGUAGE (KINESICS)
• DISTANCE (PROXEMICS)
• VOICE (PARALANGUAGE)
• TOUCH (HAPTICS)
• OCULESICS
• FACTORS-
• CULTURE/ LANGUAGE
• ATTITUDE
• SITUATION

22. PROXEMICS
• SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS
• DENSITY: BEHAVIOUR, COMMUNICATION,INTERACTION
• CULTURE: US/ EUROPE, INDIA/JAPAN, GREETINGS
• ARCHITECTURE: DESIGN-PUBLIC PRIVATESPACE

23. METHODS –
ETHNOMETHODOLOGY
• ETHNO-METHOD-OLOGY
• HAROLD GARFINKEL
• MAJOR METHODS-
• INTERVIEWS
• OBSERVATION
• VIDEOTAPING/
DOCUMENTARY
• BREACHING
EXPERIMENTS
• MEANING/ CARING
• WORD SENSE

24. METHODS -
SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
• GEORGE HERBERT MEAD
1. SMALL SCALE
2. 3 ELEMENTS-
SYMBOL, SELF,
INTERACTION
3. SYMBOL (– EGS.,
INTERPRETATION,
MEANINGS), SELF
AWARENESS -
INETRACTION
• HERBERT BLUMER – 3
TENETS
MEANING
1) ACTION
2) DIFFERENT
3) CHANGE

25. • SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
• NON-VERBAL INTERACTION
• PROXEMICS
• METHODS TO STUDY SOCIAL INTERACTION
• ETHNOMETHODOLOGY
• SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM