This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between coffee and tea consumption and the incidence of endometrial cancer. The study used a hospital-based case-control design, collecting data from 541 women diagnosed with endometrial cancer and 541 women without the cancer. The primary explanatory variables were consumption of normal coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and tea. Other potential confounding factors considered included age, BMI, education level, menopausal status, hormone therapy use, oral contraceptive use, pregnancy history, and smoking status. The study aimed to determine if coffee and tea consumption had any causal relationship to the occurrence of endometrial cancer.

1. Introduction to Epidemiology
Whether coffee and tea consumption have any causal relationship, with the incidence of
endometrial cancer
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Abstract
I have chosen McCann et al. (2009) for this assignment. In this study, the primary topic was
whether coffee and tea consumption have any causal relationship, with the incidence of
endometrial cancer. Hence, the primary explanatory variable in this case was beverage
consumption expressed in terms of consumption of normal coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and
tea. Other considered confounding variables were: age, body mass index or BMI, education
level, menopausal status, hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptive, „ever pregnant‟,
smoking status.
The outcome for this study was the occurrence of endometrial cancer.
The study followed hospital-based observational case-control study design (chapter 5). It was
hospital-based because the data collection process happened through “part of the Patient
Epidemiologic Data System (PEDS) conducted at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) in
Buffalo, NY, between 1982 and 1998 under an Institutional Review Board approved
protocol” (McCann et al., 2009). It was an example of observational case-control based study
because intervention was conducted on the sample; rather the sample was conducted on
patients who were admitted to the hospital as being diagnosed of endometrial cancer. Five
hundred forty one women were chosen as the controls, who don‟t have endometrial cancer.
As the sampling was scoped to a hospital in this study, so the study population was by default
limited to patients of feminine gender, who are receiving treatment or diagnosis at RCPI
against symptoms of the neoplastic disease.