The document discusses linear and binary search techniques. Linear search involves sequentially checking each element of an unsorted array to find a match, while binary search can only be used on sorted arrays and eliminates half of the remaining elements after each comparison. Pseudocode and examples are provided to illustrate the binary search algorithm and how it narrows down the search space at each step. The efficiency of binary search for large arrays is noted, taking at most 30 comparisons to search a billion element array. Exercises are provided to write function prototypes for bubble sort and binary search functions.