1. SCHOOL OF CLINICAL SCIENCS
PREDIATIC PRESENTATION
GROPU ONE
TOPIC: APGAR SCORE
PRESENTERS
ALHAJI FOUAD BANGURA- 18001
JAMES BANGURA- 18002
MARIATU BANGURA- 18003
MOHAMED BANGURA- 18004
2. PRESENTATON OUTLINE
Definition
Criteria
Interpretation of scores
Implementation
Risk factors
Prevention
Management
Questions if any
Summary
Thank you all for listening
3. DEFINITION
The Apgar score is a method used to quickly determined the health of
newborn children against infant mortality.
The Apgar score is determined by evaluating the newborn child on five
simple criteria on a scale.
4. COMPONENT
OF THE
ACKRONYM
INDICATORS SCORE 0 SCORE 1 SCORE 2
Appearance Skin color Pale or central
cyanoses
Blue at the
extremities ,body
pink
Completely pink
Pulse Pulse rate absent <100 beats per
minutes
>/= 100 beats per
minutes
Grimace Reflex irritability No response to
stimulation
Grimace on suction
or aggressive
stimulation
Cry on stimulation
Activity Muscle tone none Some flexion Flexed arms and
legs that resist
extension
Respiratory Respiratory effort absent Weak, irregular,
gasping
Strong, regular
5. INTERPRETATION OF SCORES
1. Scores of seven and above are generally normal
2. Four to six, fairly low
3. Three and below are generally regarded as critically low and are
indication of resuscitation.
NOTE:
A low score on the one-minute mark may indicate that the neonate
requires medical attention.
An Apgar score that remains below three at later time may indicate
longer-term neurological damage.
However, the Apgar score purpose is to determined quickly whether
or not a newborn needs immediate medical care.
6. IMPLEMENTATION
If the newborn needs resuscitation, it should be initiated before the
Apgar score is assigned at the one-minute mark.
Variation between the one-minute and five-minute Apgar score can
be used to assess an infant`s response to resuscitation.
To reduced the risk of negative outcomes, it is recommended to
obtain a sample of umbilical artery blood gas when the child has an
Apgar score of five or less at the five-minute mark.
7. RISK FACTOR
Subjective factor- egs color, tone, and reflex irritability
Pre-term infant birth
Child defects
Sedation of the mother during labor
Gestational age
Trauma or infection
Inappropriate use of the Apgar score
8. PREVENTION
By identifying determinates of low Apgar score such as-
prolong labor
Maternal history of khat use
Low birth weight
MANAGEMENT
Resuscitation
Hypothermia therapy
10. SUMMARY
Apgar score is used to determined a newborn`s health.
Criteria includes- skin, pulse, reflex, muscle tone, and respiration.
A low score on one minute mark may indicates medical attention.
A low score below three at later times may indicate longer-term
neurological conditions.
Risk factors includes- pre-term birth, infections, subjective factors,
gestational age etc.
Low Apgar score can be prevented by identifying the determinants
of low Apgar score.
A child with low Apgar score can be manage via resuscitation and
hypothermia therapy.
