1) Answer both parts of the question (A) Knowing the difference b.pdf
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1) Answer both parts of the question: (A) Knowing the difference between normal, or expected, bone markings and unusual, or unexpected, bone markings can provide valuable clues. Which of the following statements is true regarding bone markings? a. Bone markings include only the depressions where blood vessels are found on the surface of bones. b. A fossa is a bone marking, or indentation in a bone, within which another structure fits. c. A crest is a rounded end of a bone that articulates with another bone. d. A protuberance is a shallow convex or concave surface where two bones articulate. (B) Dr. Williams stressed that a working knowledge of the human skeleton is critical in his line of work. Developing the necessary skill set takes an enormous amount of time and study. (a) Briefly define what the axial skeleton is and describe its major components. (b) Briefly define what the appendicular skeleton is and describe its major components..
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The skeleton is made up of bones and cartilages that form the framework of the body. Bones provide structure, protect organs, allow for muscle attachment, and store minerals. There are various types of bones classified by shape, development, and structure. Long bones like the femur have a shaft and two ends, while flat bones make up surfaces like the skull. Bones develop through intramembranous ossification from mesenchymal tissue or endochondral ossification that forms from cartilage models. The skeleton is highly vascular and innervated, with bones receiving blood supply and nerves along blood vessels to allow for growth, remodeling, and repair.
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X-rays are the oldest and most commonly used form of medical imaging. A radiologist will analyze x-ray images and send a report to the referring physician. Accurate diagnosis often requires two x-ray images at right angles. Structures with high density like bones appear white, while low density structures like soft tissue appear grey. Fractures appear as a dark line where bone continuity is lost. Interpretation requires checking patient details and producing a report detailing observations and diagnosis. The ABCs approach involves evaluating Adequacy, Bones, Cartilage, and Soft Tissues.
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- The earliest radiographic sign is slight widening of the growth plate. Other findings include fraying and disorganization of spongy bone, decreased density at the zone of provisional calcification, and a rachitic rosary on physical exam.
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The skeletal system is made up of bones and other connective tissues that provide structure and support to the body. It has several functions including allowing movement, protecting internal organs, storing minerals, and producing blood cells. There are 206 bones in the adult human skeleton divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, spine, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the arms, legs, and shoulders. Bones are living tissue composed primarily of calcium and phosphorus. Cartilage, which is flexible and contains collagen and elastin, is replaced by bone through ossification during development. Joints connect bones and include hinge, pivot, and ball-and-socket joints which allow varying degrees of movement.
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The skeletal system is made up of bones and other connective tissues that provide structure and support to the body. It has several functions including allowing movement, protecting internal organs, storing minerals, and producing blood cells. There are 206 bones in the adult human skeletal system divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, spine, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the arms, legs, shoulders, and pelvis. Joints connect bones and include hinge, pivot, and ball-and-socket joints which allow varying degrees of movement. Cartilage provides flexibility and cushioning at joints which are replaced by bone through ossification during development.
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clinics.pptx
X-rays are the oldest and most commonly used form of medical imaging. A radiologist will analyze x-ray images and send a report to the referring physician. Accurate diagnosis often requires two x-ray images at right angles. Structures with high density like bones appear white, while low density structures like soft tissue appear grey. Fractures appear as a dark line where bone continuity is lost. Interpretation requires checking patient details and producing a report detailing observations and diagnosis. The ABCs approach involves evaluating Adequacy, Bones, Cartilage, and Soft Tissues.
pagetsssssssssssssdiseeeeeeeeeeeeeeaseee
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1 Label the following parts of compact bone on figure zio Canalicul Ce.pdf
1 Label the following parts of compact bone on figure zio Canalicul Central canal
Crcumferential lameliae Endosteum Interstitial lamellae Lacunae with osteocres Osteon
Perforating canal Pencosteum Trabculse of spongy bone 7icuer 7.10 Microscopi anatomy of
compact bont 2 True/False: Mark the following statements as true ( T ) or false ( F ) . If the
statement is false, correct if to make it a true statement. The endostoum contains osteoblasts and
orteocytes Osteocres secrete bone matrix. Spongy bone is the inner bone, which is deep to
compaxt bone. 5pongy bone is composed of spicules called trabeculae. Compact bone houses red
and yellow bone marrow. Concentric lameltse form the "rings" of bone matix of an osteon. 3 The
organic component of the ECM of esseous tissue is composed of and gives the bone a. collagen
fibers, compressional strength b. calcium hydroxyapatite crystas, compeesional strength c.
collagen fibers, tensile strength d. calcium hydroxyaparite crystals tensile strength 4 Osteoclasts
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maintain and monizor the bone ECM c. lacunse; break down bone matro d. the peciosteum baild
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o.
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BIO 102 Lab: Human Histology
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reputable internet websites. (If you find an answer on Wikipedia, try to confirm it with another
source.)
Specific Tissue Type
Function(s)
Location(s)
Number of layers of cells
Cell shape
Simple squamous epithelial tissue
Simple columnar epithelial tissue
Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue
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Specific Tissue Type
Function(s)
Location(s)
What are the cells called?
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Adipose
Dense regular connective tissue
Areolar
Blood
Bone (osseous)
Cartilage
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Simple squamous
epithelial tissue
Simple columnar
epithelial tissue
Simple cuboidal epithelial
tissue
Stratified squamous
epithelial tissue
Pseudostratified columnar
epithelial tissue.
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4 Osteoclasts are located in a. lacunae: maintain and monitor the bone ECM. b. the periosteum;
maintain and monitor the bone EC:Y c. lacunae; break down bone matrix d. the periosteum;
build bone matrax e. the periosteum; break down bone matru. 5 Circle all that apply. What is the
generai function of a boine dopression? a. It provides a pathway along which blood wessels or
nerves travil b. It provides a point of attachment for tendons or ligaments. c. It houses or protects
structures such as blood vessels or sensory organs. d. It allows two bones to come together to
form a joint. 6 Examples of long bones include a. the phalanges (bones of the fingers). b. the
stemnum. c. ankle bones. d. Both a and b are correct. e. Both a and c are correct. 7 Short bones
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Diaphysis Distal epiphysis Epiphryseal line Medullary cavity Perforating fibers Periosteum
Proximal epiphysis Red bone marrow Yellow bone marrow 9 The epiphyseal plate is a. the
structure from which long bones grow in length. b. a remnant of the structure from which long
bones grow in length. c. composed of yellow bone marrow. d. found lining the surface of the
epiphysis. In the zone of proliferation of the epiphyseal plate. a. chondrocytes are actively
dividing. b. chondrocytes are maintained in a reserve to divide if needed. c. chondrocytes begin
to enlarge in their lacunae as they mature. d. chondrocytes are calcified and abut the diaphysis
with osteoblasts..
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This document provides an overview of support systems in animals, focusing on the human skeletal system. It discusses the three main types of skeletons - hydrostatic, exoskeleton, and endoskeleton. For the human skeleton, it describes the axial skeleton including the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and thorax, as well as the appendicular skeleton. Key functions of the skeleton like support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage, and endocrine regulation are summarized. Structure of long bones, synovial joints, and skeletal muscles are also outlined.
Gross structure of adult long bone
The skeletal system has several important functions:
1. It provides structure and support for the body, protects internal organs, and allows for movement through muscle attachment points.
2. Bones store minerals like calcium and aid in mineral homeostasis. Certain bones also produce blood cells.
3. The skeletal system is composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. Bones are living tissues with osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. They have an extracellular matrix containing collagen and minerals like hydroxyapatite.
Ls2 afet unit 6 support systems in animals
The document discusses the different types of skeletons in animals, including hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons. It then focuses on the human skeleton, describing the axial skeleton including the skull and vertebral column, as well as the appendicular skeleton. The functions of the skeleton are also outlined, including support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage, and endocrine regulation. Finally, the document examines the structure of long bones and different joints like the ball-and-socket joint.
E X E R C I S E9 The Axial Skeleton121Materials●
E X E R C I S E
9 The Axial Skeleton
121
Materials
● Intact skull and Beauchene skull
● X-ray images of individuals with scoliosis,
lordosis, and kyphosis (if available)
● Articulated skeleton, articulated vertebral
column, removable intervertebral discs
● Isolated cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx
● Isolated fetal skull
For related exercise study tools, go to the
Study Area of MasteringA&P. There you
will find:
● Practice Anatomy
Lab
● PhysioEx
● A&PFlix
● Practice quizzes,
Histology Atlas,
eText, Videos,
and more!
Pre-Lab Quiz
1. The axial skeleton can be divided into the skull, the vertebral column,
and the:
a. thoracic cage c. hip bones
b. femur d. humerus
2. Eight bones make up the , which encloses and protects the
brain.
a. cranium b. face c. skull
3. How many bones of the skull are considered facial bones?
4. Circle the correct underlined term. The lower jawbone, or maxilla /
mandible, articulates with the temporal bones in the only freely movable
joints in the skull.
5. Circle the correct underlined term. The body / spinous process of a typical
vertebra forms the rounded, central portion that faces anteriorly in the
human vertebral column.
6. The seven bones of the neck are called vertebrae.
a. cervical b. lumbar c. spinal d. thoracic
7. The vertebrae articulate with the corresponding ribs.
a. cervical b. lumbar c. spinal d. thoracic
8. The , commonly referred to as the breastbone, is a flat
bone formed by the fusion of three bones: the manubrium, the body, and
the xiphoid process.
a. coccyx b. sacrum c. sternum
9. Circle True or False. The first seven pairs of ribs are called floating ribs
because they have only indirect cartilage attachments to the sternum.
10. A fontanelle:
a. is found only in the fetal skull
b. is a fibrous membrane
c. allows for compression of the skull during birth
d. all of the above
Objectives
□ Name the three parts of the axial skeleton.
□ Identify the bones of the axial skeleton, either by examining isolated bones
or by pointing them out on an articulated skeleton or skull, and name
the important bone markings on each.
□ Name and describe the different types of vertebrae.
□ Discuss the importance of intervertebral discs and spinal curvatures.
□ Identify three abnormal spinal curvatures.
□ List the components of the thoracic cage.
□ Identify the bones of the fetal skull by examining an articulated skull or image.
□ Define fontanelle, and discuss the function and fate of fontanelles.
□ Discuss important differences between the fetal and adult skulls.
122 Exercise 9
9
The axial skeleton (the green portion of Figure 8.1 on p. 108) can be divided into three parts: the skull, the ver-tebral column, and the thoracic cage. This division of the skeleton forms the longitudinal axis of the body and protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs.
The Skull
The skull is composed of two sets of bones. Tho ...
support systems in animals
The document summarizes the key components of the human support system. It describes three main types of skeletons - hydrostatic, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons. It then details the human skeletal system, including the axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, thorax), appendicular skeleton, and different bone and joint types. It outlines the main functions of the skeleton for support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage, and endocrine regulation. It also describes the structures of long bones, synovial joints, and skeletal muscles at both the macro and micro levels.
Unit 6 support systems in animals
This document provides an overview of the human skeletal system and its components. It discusses the three main types of skeletons - hydrostatic, exoskeleton, and endoskeleton. The human skeleton is then examined in detail, including its axial and appendicular parts. The functions of the skeleton are outlined as support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage, and endocrine regulation. Long bones, joints, and skeletal muscles are also described at both the macro and micro levels.
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1) Cul de las AD es falsa con respecto a las infecciones por virus de ADN y las infecciones por
virus de ARN no retrovirales?
A. Los virus de ARN pueden tener un genoma monocatenario (+) o (-) o un genoma ARN de
doble cadena.
B. Los virus de ADN generalmente deben ingresar al ncleo de la clula husped que infectan.
C. Un soporte de ARN de sentido (-) producido por un virus de ARN podra servir como ARNm
y traducirse directamente en protena
D. Los virus de ADN generalmente se ensamblan en el ncleo de la clula husped.
E. Ninguno de AD es falso; todos son verdad
2) Qu declaracin entre AD es falsa con respecto a los virus de ARN?
A. la replicacin del genoma del retrovirus implica la sntesis de un intermediario de ADN
B. algunos poseen una ARN polimerasa dependiente de ARN
C. el genoma de un virus de ARN monocatenario (+), como el virus del resfriado comn, puede
servir directamente como ARNm y traducirse
D. cuando se copia un genoma monocatenario (-), la copia es una cadena (+) de ARN
E. nada de AD es falso.
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supervivencia.
2) La diferencia entre la evolucin lamarckiana y la darwiniana cuando se produce el cambio.
Relaciona el tipo de evolucin con el momento en que ocurre.
evolucin lamarckiana
evolucin darwiniana
entre generaciones
Dentro de las generaciones
Verdadero FALSO.
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basic about human skeleton for medical students which will help to make their strong concept about osteology
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This document provides an overview of anatomical terminology and bone structure. It defines anatomy and its subdivisions. Key terms are introduced like anatomical position, planes, and positions. Bone classification is explained as long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid. Long bone structure and ossification processes are detailed. Blood supply and nerve pathways to bone are also summarized. The document aims to equip students with foundational knowledge of anatomical structures and terminology.
1 Label the following parts of compact bone on figure zio Canalicul Ce.pdf
1 Label the following parts of compact bone on figure zio Canalicul Central canal
Crcumferential lameliae Endosteum Interstitial lamellae Lacunae with osteocres Osteon
Perforating canal Pencosteum Trabculse of spongy bone 7icuer 7.10 Microscopi anatomy of
compact bont 2 True/False: Mark the following statements as true ( T ) or false ( F ) . If the
statement is false, correct if to make it a true statement. The endostoum contains osteoblasts and
orteocytes Osteocres secrete bone matrix. Spongy bone is the inner bone, which is deep to
compaxt bone. 5pongy bone is composed of spicules called trabeculae. Compact bone houses red
and yellow bone marrow. Concentric lameltse form the "rings" of bone matix of an osteon. 3 The
organic component of the ECM of esseous tissue is composed of and gives the bone a. collagen
fibers, compressional strength b. calcium hydroxyapatite crystas, compeesional strength c.
collagen fibers, tensile strength d. calcium hydroxyaparite crystals tensile strength 4 Osteoclasts
are located in and function to a. lacunae; maintain and monitor the bone ECM b the periosteumc
maintain and monizor the bone ECM c. lacunse; break down bone matro d. the peciosteum baild
bone matrix e. the periosteum; beeak down bone matris 5 Cincle all that apply. What is the
general function of a bone depressilon? a. it premdes a pothway along which blood vessels or
nerves travet b. It provides a point of atachment for tendons or ligaments. c. It houses or protects
structures such as blood vessels or sensory ongans. d. R allows two bones to come together to
form a joint 6 Examples of long bones include. a. the phalanges (bones of the fingers). b. the
sternurr. c. ankide teones. d. Both a and b are-correct. e. Foth a and care coerect. 7 Short bones
are a. namedior their length. b. about as long as they are wide. c. irregular in shape. d. longer
than they are wide. 8 Label the following parts of a long bone on Figure Zit. Articularcartioge
Diaphysis Distal epiphysas Epiphysedal line Medulitary cavity Perfocating fibers Qeriasteum
Prowinal epiphysis I Red bone marrow Yellow bone marrow 9 The epiphyseal plate is a. the
structure from which long bones grow in length. b. a remnant of the structure from which long
bories grow in length c. composed of yeliow bone marrow. d. found lining the surface of the
epiphysis 10 In the zone of proliferation of the epiphyseal plate. a. chondrocytes are actively
dividing. b. chondrocytes are maintained in a reserve to divide if needed. c. chondrocytes begin
to enlarge in their lacunae as they mature. d. chondrocyes are calcifiod and abut the diaphysis
with osteoblasts 1. Fibrous dysplasia is a condition in which normal bone tissue is replaced with
dense irregular connective tissue. Predict the consequences of this condition on bone health, and
explain yout teasoning 2 A carcinoma is a cancer of epithelium, and a sarcoma is a cancer of
connective tissue. Are bone tumors carcinamas or sarcomas? Explain. 3 The condition
o.
BIO 102 Lab- Human Histology 1) Fill out the following table regardin.pdf
BIO 102 Lab: Human Histology
1) Fill out the following table regarding information about human epithelial tissue . When
researching your answers, you may wish to use course materials, a basic biology textbook, or
reputable internet websites. (If you find an answer on Wikipedia, try to confirm it with another
source.)
Specific Tissue Type
Function(s)
Location(s)
Number of layers of cells
Cell shape
Simple squamous epithelial tissue
Simple columnar epithelial tissue
Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue
Stratified squamous epithelial tissue
Pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue
2) Fill out the following table regarding information about human connective tissue . When
researching your answers, you may wish to use course materials, a basic biology textbook, or
reputable internet websites. (If you find an answer on Wikipedia, try to confirm it with another
source.)
Specific Tissue Type
Function(s)
Location(s)
What are the cells called?
What is the matrix like? What is in it?
Adipose
Dense regular connective tissue
Areolar
Blood
Bone (osseous)
Cartilage
Specific Tissue Type Function(s) Location(s) Number of layers of cells C ell shape
Simple squamous
epithelial tissue
Simple columnar
epithelial tissue
Simple cuboidal epithelial
tissue
Stratified squamous
epithelial tissue
Pseudostratified columnar
epithelial tissue.
Alveolar process by dr 3mmar
This document provides definitions and descriptions of the anatomical structures that make up the alveolar process. It defines the alveolar process as the bone of the jaws that contains the teeth. It then describes in detail the developmental process, macro-anatomical structure including cortical plates, spongy bone, and alveolar bone, and age-related changes of the alveolar process. Finally, it discusses some clinical considerations regarding the alveolar process related to x-rays, orthodontics, and tooth extractions.
4 Osteoclasts are located in a- lacunae- maintain and monitor the bone.pdf
4 Osteoclasts are located in a. lacunae: maintain and monitor the bone ECM. b. the periosteum;
maintain and monitor the bone EC:Y c. lacunae; break down bone matrix d. the periosteum;
build bone matrax e. the periosteum; break down bone matru. 5 Circle all that apply. What is the
generai function of a boine dopression? a. It provides a pathway along which blood wessels or
nerves travil b. It provides a point of attachment for tendons or ligaments. c. It houses or protects
structures such as blood vessels or sensory organs. d. It allows two bones to come together to
form a joint. 6 Examples of long bones include a. the phalanges (bones of the fingers). b. the
stemnum. c. ankle bones. d. Both a and b are correct. e. Both a and c are correct. 7 Short bones
are a. named for their length. b. about as long as they are wide. c. irregular in shape. d. longer
than they are wide. 8 Label the following parts of a long bone on figure 7.11: Articular cartilage
Diaphysis Distal epiphysis Epiphryseal line Medullary cavity Perforating fibers Periosteum
Proximal epiphysis Red bone marrow Yellow bone marrow 9 The epiphyseal plate is a. the
structure from which long bones grow in length. b. a remnant of the structure from which long
bones grow in length. c. composed of yellow bone marrow. d. found lining the surface of the
epiphysis. In the zone of proliferation of the epiphyseal plate. a. chondrocytes are actively
dividing. b. chondrocytes are maintained in a reserve to divide if needed. c. chondrocytes begin
to enlarge in their lacunae as they mature. d. chondrocytes are calcified and abut the diaphysis
with osteoblasts..
Ls2 afet unit 6 support systems in animals
This document provides an overview of support systems in animals, focusing on the human skeletal system. It discusses the three main types of skeletons - hydrostatic, exoskeleton, and endoskeleton. For the human skeleton, it describes the axial skeleton including the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and thorax, as well as the appendicular skeleton. Key functions of the skeleton like support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage, and endocrine regulation are summarized. Structure of long bones, synovial joints, and skeletal muscles are also outlined.
Gross structure of adult long bone
The skeletal system has several important functions:
1. It provides structure and support for the body, protects internal organs, and allows for movement through muscle attachment points.
2. Bones store minerals like calcium and aid in mineral homeostasis. Certain bones also produce blood cells.
3. The skeletal system is composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. Bones are living tissues with osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. They have an extracellular matrix containing collagen and minerals like hydroxyapatite.
Ls2 afet unit 6 support systems in animals
The document discusses the different types of skeletons in animals, including hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons. It then focuses on the human skeleton, describing the axial skeleton including the skull and vertebral column, as well as the appendicular skeleton. The functions of the skeleton are also outlined, including support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage, and endocrine regulation. Finally, the document examines the structure of long bones and different joints like the ball-and-socket joint.
E X E R C I S E9 The Axial Skeleton121Materials●
E X E R C I S E
9 The Axial Skeleton
121
Materials
● Intact skull and Beauchene skull
● X-ray images of individuals with scoliosis,
lordosis, and kyphosis (if available)
● Articulated skeleton, articulated vertebral
column, removable intervertebral discs
● Isolated cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx
● Isolated fetal skull
For related exercise study tools, go to the
Study Area of MasteringA&P. There you
will find:
● Practice Anatomy
Lab
● PhysioEx
● A&PFlix
● Practice quizzes,
Histology Atlas,
eText, Videos,
and more!
Pre-Lab Quiz
1. The axial skeleton can be divided into the skull, the vertebral column,
and the:
a. thoracic cage c. hip bones
b. femur d. humerus
2. Eight bones make up the , which encloses and protects the
brain.
a. cranium b. face c. skull
3. How many bones of the skull are considered facial bones?
4. Circle the correct underlined term. The lower jawbone, or maxilla /
mandible, articulates with the temporal bones in the only freely movable
joints in the skull.
5. Circle the correct underlined term. The body / spinous process of a typical
vertebra forms the rounded, central portion that faces anteriorly in the
human vertebral column.
6. The seven bones of the neck are called vertebrae.
a. cervical b. lumbar c. spinal d. thoracic
7. The vertebrae articulate with the corresponding ribs.
a. cervical b. lumbar c. spinal d. thoracic
8. The , commonly referred to as the breastbone, is a flat
bone formed by the fusion of three bones: the manubrium, the body, and
the xiphoid process.
a. coccyx b. sacrum c. sternum
9. Circle True or False. The first seven pairs of ribs are called floating ribs
because they have only indirect cartilage attachments to the sternum.
10. A fontanelle:
a. is found only in the fetal skull
b. is a fibrous membrane
c. allows for compression of the skull during birth
d. all of the above
Objectives
□ Name the three parts of the axial skeleton.
□ Identify the bones of the axial skeleton, either by examining isolated bones
or by pointing them out on an articulated skeleton or skull, and name
the important bone markings on each.
□ Name and describe the different types of vertebrae.
□ Discuss the importance of intervertebral discs and spinal curvatures.
□ Identify three abnormal spinal curvatures.
□ List the components of the thoracic cage.
□ Identify the bones of the fetal skull by examining an articulated skull or image.
□ Define fontanelle, and discuss the function and fate of fontanelles.
□ Discuss important differences between the fetal and adult skulls.
122 Exercise 9
9
The axial skeleton (the green portion of Figure 8.1 on p. 108) can be divided into three parts: the skull, the ver-tebral column, and the thoracic cage. This division of the skeleton forms the longitudinal axis of the body and protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs.
The Skull
The skull is composed of two sets of bones. Tho ...
support systems in animals
The document summarizes the key components of the human support system. It describes three main types of skeletons - hydrostatic, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons. It then details the human skeletal system, including the axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, thorax), appendicular skeleton, and different bone and joint types. It outlines the main functions of the skeleton for support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage, and endocrine regulation. It also describes the structures of long bones, synovial joints, and skeletal muscles at both the macro and micro levels.
Unit 6 support systems in animals
This document provides an overview of the human skeletal system and its components. It discusses the three main types of skeletons - hydrostatic, exoskeleton, and endoskeleton. The human skeleton is then examined in detail, including its axial and appendicular parts. The functions of the skeleton are outlined as support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage, and endocrine regulation. Long bones, joints, and skeletal muscles are also described at both the macro and micro levels.
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a) 0.466
segundo) 0.534
c) 0.285
d) 0,217
3) Longitud del pico en pinzones
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posibles: S, que conduce a un pico corto, y L, que conduce a un pico largo. Los individuos con el
genotipo SS tendrn un pico corto, los individuos con el genotipo LL tendrn un pico largo y los
individuos con el genotipo SL tendrn un pico de longitud media. Los cientficos miden que en
esta poblacin de 1128 aves en total, 321 aves tienen picos cortos, 562 tienen picos de longitud
media y 245 tienen picos largos.
Diez aos despus, se repiten las mediciones. Esta vez, haba 1.346 aves en la poblacin. 452 tienen
picos cortos, 699 tienen picos de longitud media y 195 tienen picos largos.
Segn los datos recopilados 10 aos despus, est evolucionando actualmente esta poblacin de
pinzones? Cmo lo sabes?
a) s porque ms individuos en la poblacin exhiben el genotipo SS de lo que se esperara si la
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b) no porque el nmero de individuos que exhiben el genotipo SL coincide con lo que se esperara
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esperara si la poblacin estuviera en equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg
d) s porque hay ms individuos en la poblacin que exhiben el genotipo LL de lo que se esperara si
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tiene ojos azules, lo que significa que estos individuos deben ser homocigotos para el gen del
color de ojos azules (bb). El nico otro color de ojos que se encuentra en la isla es el marrn, y las
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