Measuring agglutination reactions can be used to quantify antibodies, identify antibody targets, and determine antibody specificity, with applications including ELISA, immunofluorescence, and blood typing tests.
1) Agglutination tests detect antigens or antibodies by exploiting the ability of antibodies to cross-link antigen-coated particles, forming visible clumps or lattices.
2) There are several types of agglutination tests including direct, passive, and reverse passive agglutination as well as hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition.
3) Agglutination tests are useful, rapid techniques for detecting various infectious diseases and other analytes but can be limited by prozone effects at high antibody concentrations.
Here are brief summaries of the requested liver conditions:
- Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC):
- PBC affects small bile ducts, PSC affects large bile ducts
- PBC more common in females, PSC more common in males
- PBC associated with autoimmune diseases, PSC associated with IBD
- Wilson's disease involves copper accumulation in liver due to ceruloplasmin defect
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency results in decreased protease inhibition and liver damage
- Hemochromatosis involves iron overload due to HFE gene mutation
- Hemosiderosis is iron overload from other causes like