1. 2
4:
3
10
1
. 2/... ................... ....... .......................
. . ................... .........................
. 2/... ................... ....... ....................... . .
................... .........................
. 2/... ................... ....... ....................... . .
................... .........................
. 2/... ................... ....... ....................... . .
................... .........................
mathematical model)
4.2.1
=

2. x ax + b = 0 a,
b a ≠0
1.
2.
(K – P – A)
(K)
1.
2.
(P)
1.
2.
3.
(A)
1.
2.
3.
- 3.1
- 3.1
-
1. x
ax + b = 0 a,b
a 0

3. 2. 2- 3
3.
4.
a = b b = a a , b
a = b b = c a = c a , b , c
3
a = b a+c = b+c a , b, c
4
a = b ac = bc a , b, c

4. 5.
X ax + b = 0 a,
b a 0
6. -6
3.1 3.1
7.
8
9 3.1
10. 3.1

5. 11. - 3.1
3.1
2
1.
2.
1
3.1 3.1
5
2
7
3

6. 5
7

8. …………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
- - ----
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....

9. …………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….....

10. 1.
2
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
……………………………...…….
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

11. …………………………………………………………………………
……………………………............
2.
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………
3.
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………..
2
3.1

12. =
x + 2 = 59
x
8 - 11 = -3
x ax + b = 0
a , b
a 0
1) 2x = 0 2) 1
x 3 0
2
3 ) - 0.8y - 1.4 = 0 4 ) 3x – 5 = 0
2x – 5 = 0 5
2
-4y = 0 0
5
x–7=0 14
1
2
a = b b = a a , b
x - 3 = 2x + 7
2x + 7 = x - 3
a = b b = c a = c

13. a , b , c
x = 5 + 7 5 + 7 = 12
x = 12
3
a = b a+c = b+c a , b, c
x = 5 x + 3 = 5 + 3
4
a = b ac = bc a , b, c
x + 1 = 2n (x + 1) = 3(2n
3.1
:
1.
2.

14. 3. 3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4.
5.
5.1
5.2

15. 5.3
5.4
1.
2.
3.
4.

16. 1.
1 a=b
2 a+3=5+3
3 x+5 –5=3–5
2.
1 a=b
2 a×5=5×5
3 2 m + 2 = 2 5m
3.
1 x=5+7 5 + 7 = 12
2 a+b=c c=7
3 x = -3y -3y = 0.5
4.
1 a+b=c
2 x – 3 = 2x + 7
3 3x = 8

17. -
2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1
2 =
1=