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Classical French Cooking Methods
Roast – uncovered using hot dry air usually
in an oven
Bake – usually applies to bread, pastries or fish
also in an oven
Broil – uses radiant heat from a source above
product i.e. salamander
Smoke – dry heat covered using
wood chips to create smoke

Chef Michael Scott
Lead Chef Instructor AESCA
Boulder

Dry Heat Cooking Methods
Classical French Cooking Methods
Dry Heat Cooking Methods with fat

Sauté – “to jump” small amount of fat
Chef Michael Scott
Lead Chef Instructor AESCA
Boulder

over high heat
Pan-fry – moderate amount of fat over
moderate heat
Deep-fry – submerged in hot fat
Pressure-fry – submerged in hot fat
under pressure
Classical French Cooking Methods
Moist Heat Cooking Methods

202˚F above 5000 ft.)
Simmer – cook in liquid just under a boil
Poach – slow cook in hot liquid
should have no movement
Blanch – partially cook in highly
salted water usually followed by
Shocking – submerge in ice
water to stop the cooking
process

Chef Michael Scott
Lead Chef Instructor AESCA
Boulder

Boil – cook in hot liquid (212˚F at sea level
Classical French Cooking Methods
Moist Heat Cooking Methods

boiling but not directly in the water
Braise – cook covered very slow in a small
amount of liquid after primary
browning. Liquid is usually made into
the sauce
Pressure cooking – cooking with
steam at a very high
temperature and pressure in a
specialized piece of equipment

Chef Michael Scott
Lead Chef Instructor AESCA
Boulder

Steam - cooking with the steam produced by
•Chef, Executive Chef or Chef de Cuisine
•Sous Chef
•Saucier –
Sauté Chef
•Poissonier –
Fish Chef
•Entremetier –
Vegetable Chef
•Rotisseur or Grillardin – Grill Chef
•Garde Manger –
Pantry Chef
•Patissier –
Pastry Chef
•Tournant –
Rounds man
•Aboyeur –
Expediter

Chef Michael Scott
Lead Chef Instructor AESCA
Boulder

Classic French Brigade
• High protein meats and fish
•Carbohydrates must be present
• Starts around 230˚F
•Only during dry heat
Protein strands unwind and bond with
carbohydrates as the temperature rises creating
color and flavor. Too much color and flavor will
result in a condition referred to as BURNT.

Chef Michael Scott
Lead Chef Instructor AESCA
Boulder

Maillard Reaction
Cooking Foods by Heat Transfer
• Conduction – When heat moves from one item to

something touching it or through an item
air or steam or liquid

• Radiant – When energy is transferred by

waves. The waves of energy do not cook
the food but change into heat energy when
they strike the food.

Chef Michael Scott
Lead Chef Instructor AESCA
Boulder

• Convection – When heat is spread by the movement of

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08 basic cooking methods

  • 1. Classical French Cooking Methods Roast – uncovered using hot dry air usually in an oven Bake – usually applies to bread, pastries or fish also in an oven Broil – uses radiant heat from a source above product i.e. salamander Smoke – dry heat covered using wood chips to create smoke Chef Michael Scott Lead Chef Instructor AESCA Boulder Dry Heat Cooking Methods
  • 2. Classical French Cooking Methods Dry Heat Cooking Methods with fat Sauté – “to jump” small amount of fat Chef Michael Scott Lead Chef Instructor AESCA Boulder over high heat Pan-fry – moderate amount of fat over moderate heat Deep-fry – submerged in hot fat Pressure-fry – submerged in hot fat under pressure
  • 3. Classical French Cooking Methods Moist Heat Cooking Methods 202˚F above 5000 ft.) Simmer – cook in liquid just under a boil Poach – slow cook in hot liquid should have no movement Blanch – partially cook in highly salted water usually followed by Shocking – submerge in ice water to stop the cooking process Chef Michael Scott Lead Chef Instructor AESCA Boulder Boil – cook in hot liquid (212˚F at sea level
  • 4. Classical French Cooking Methods Moist Heat Cooking Methods boiling but not directly in the water Braise – cook covered very slow in a small amount of liquid after primary browning. Liquid is usually made into the sauce Pressure cooking – cooking with steam at a very high temperature and pressure in a specialized piece of equipment Chef Michael Scott Lead Chef Instructor AESCA Boulder Steam - cooking with the steam produced by
  • 5. •Chef, Executive Chef or Chef de Cuisine •Sous Chef •Saucier – Sauté Chef •Poissonier – Fish Chef •Entremetier – Vegetable Chef •Rotisseur or Grillardin – Grill Chef •Garde Manger – Pantry Chef •Patissier – Pastry Chef •Tournant – Rounds man •Aboyeur – Expediter Chef Michael Scott Lead Chef Instructor AESCA Boulder Classic French Brigade
  • 6. • High protein meats and fish •Carbohydrates must be present • Starts around 230˚F •Only during dry heat Protein strands unwind and bond with carbohydrates as the temperature rises creating color and flavor. Too much color and flavor will result in a condition referred to as BURNT. Chef Michael Scott Lead Chef Instructor AESCA Boulder Maillard Reaction
  • 7. Cooking Foods by Heat Transfer • Conduction – When heat moves from one item to something touching it or through an item air or steam or liquid • Radiant – When energy is transferred by waves. The waves of energy do not cook the food but change into heat energy when they strike the food. Chef Michael Scott Lead Chef Instructor AESCA Boulder • Convection – When heat is spread by the movement of