This work treats the modeling and simulation of non-linear system behavior of an induction motor using backstepping sliding mode control (BACK- SMC). First, the direct field oriented control IM is derived. Then, a sliding for direct field oriented control is proposed to compensate the uncertainties, which occur in the control. Finally, the study of Backstepping sliding controls strategy of the induction motor drive. Our non linear system is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK environment, the results obtained illustrate the efficiency of the proposed control with no overshoot, and the rising time is improved with good disturbances rejections comparing with the classical control law.
In this paper, the design of a speed control scheme based on a total sliding mode control for Indirect Field Oriented of a three phase induction motor (IM) is proposed. Firstly, the indirect field oriented control is derived. Then, sliding mode control design is investigated to achieve a speed tracking objective under different load torque disturbance. Finally a dSPACE DS1104 R&D board is used to implement the proposed scheme. The experimental results released on 0.25 kW slip-ring IM show a high dynamic performance, fast transient response without overshot as well as a good load disturbances rejection response.
Real Time Implementation of Fuzzy Adaptive PI-sliding Mode Controller for Ind...IJECEIAES
In this work, a fuzzy adaptive PI-sliding mode control is proposed for Induction Motor speed control. First, an adaptive PI-sliding mode controller with a proportional plus integral equivalent control action is investigated, in which a simple adaptive algorithm is utilized for generalized soft-switching parameters. The proposed control design uses a fuzzy inference system to overcome the drawbacks of the sliding mode control in terms of high control gains and chattering to form a fuzzy sliding mode controller. The proposed controller has implemented for a 1.5kW three-Phase IM are completely carried out using a dSPACE DS1104 digital signal processor based real-time data acquisition control system, and MATLAB/Simulink environment. Digital experimental results show that the proposed controller can not only attenuate the chattering extent of the adaptive PI-sliding mode controller but can provide high-performance dynamic characteristics with regard to plant external load disturbance and reference variations.
Adaptive Fuzzy Integral Sliding-Mode Regulator for Induction Motor Using Nonl...IJPEDS-IAES
An adaptive fuzzy integral sliding-mode controller using nonlinear sliding surface is designed for the speed regulator of a field-oriented induction motor drive in this paper. Combining the conventional integral sliding surface with fractional-order integral, a nonlinear sliding surface is proposed for the integral sliding-mode speed control, which can overcome the windup problem and the convergence speed problem. An adaptive fuzzy control term is utilized to approximate the uncertainty. The stability of the controller is analyzed by Lyapunov stability theory. The effectiveness of the proposed speed regulator is demonstrated by the simulation results in comparison with the conventional integral sliding-mode controller based on boundary layer.
A High Gain Observer Based Sensorless Nonlinear Control of Induction MachineIJPEDS-IAES
In this paper a sensorless Backstepping control scheme for rotor speed and flux control of induction motor drive is proposed. The most interesting feature of this technique is to deal with non-linearity of high-order system by using a virtual control variable to render the system simple. In this technique, the control outputs can be derived step by step through appropriate Lyapunov functions. A high gain observer is performed to estimate non available rotor speed and flux measurements to design the full control scheme of the considered induction motor drive. Simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless Backstepping control of the considered induction motor.
In this paper, the design of a speed control scheme based on a total sliding mode control for Indirect Field Oriented of a three phase induction motor (IM) is proposed. Firstly, the indirect field oriented control is derived. Then, sliding mode control design is investigated to achieve a speed tracking objective under different load torque disturbance. Finally a dSPACE DS1104 R&D board is used to implement the proposed scheme. The experimental results released on 0.25 kW slip-ring IM show a high dynamic performance, fast transient response without overshot as well as a good load disturbances rejection response.
Real Time Implementation of Fuzzy Adaptive PI-sliding Mode Controller for Ind...IJECEIAES
In this work, a fuzzy adaptive PI-sliding mode control is proposed for Induction Motor speed control. First, an adaptive PI-sliding mode controller with a proportional plus integral equivalent control action is investigated, in which a simple adaptive algorithm is utilized for generalized soft-switching parameters. The proposed control design uses a fuzzy inference system to overcome the drawbacks of the sliding mode control in terms of high control gains and chattering to form a fuzzy sliding mode controller. The proposed controller has implemented for a 1.5kW three-Phase IM are completely carried out using a dSPACE DS1104 digital signal processor based real-time data acquisition control system, and MATLAB/Simulink environment. Digital experimental results show that the proposed controller can not only attenuate the chattering extent of the adaptive PI-sliding mode controller but can provide high-performance dynamic characteristics with regard to plant external load disturbance and reference variations.
Adaptive Fuzzy Integral Sliding-Mode Regulator for Induction Motor Using Nonl...IJPEDS-IAES
An adaptive fuzzy integral sliding-mode controller using nonlinear sliding surface is designed for the speed regulator of a field-oriented induction motor drive in this paper. Combining the conventional integral sliding surface with fractional-order integral, a nonlinear sliding surface is proposed for the integral sliding-mode speed control, which can overcome the windup problem and the convergence speed problem. An adaptive fuzzy control term is utilized to approximate the uncertainty. The stability of the controller is analyzed by Lyapunov stability theory. The effectiveness of the proposed speed regulator is demonstrated by the simulation results in comparison with the conventional integral sliding-mode controller based on boundary layer.
A High Gain Observer Based Sensorless Nonlinear Control of Induction MachineIJPEDS-IAES
In this paper a sensorless Backstepping control scheme for rotor speed and flux control of induction motor drive is proposed. The most interesting feature of this technique is to deal with non-linearity of high-order system by using a virtual control variable to render the system simple. In this technique, the control outputs can be derived step by step through appropriate Lyapunov functions. A high gain observer is performed to estimate non available rotor speed and flux measurements to design the full control scheme of the considered induction motor drive. Simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless Backstepping control of the considered induction motor.
Sliding Mode Methodology Vs. Computed Torque Methodology Using MATLAB/SIMULIN...CSCJournals
Design a nonlinear controller for second order nonlinear uncertain dynamical systems is one of the most important challenging works. This paper focuses on the design, implementation and analysis of a chattering free sliding mode controller for highly nonlinear dynamic PUMA robot manipulator and compare to computed torque controller, in presence of uncertainties. In order to provide high performance nonlinear methodology, sliding mode controller and computed torque controller are selected. Pure sliding mode controller and computed torque controller can be used to control of partly known nonlinear dynamic parameters of robot manipulator. Conversely, pure sliding mode controller is used in many applications; it has an important drawback namely; chattering phenomenon which it can causes some problems such as saturation and heat the mechanical parts of robot manipulators or drivers. In order to reduce the chattering this research is used the linear saturation function boundary layer method instead of switching function method in pure sliding mode controller. These simulation models are developed as a part of a software laboratory to support and enhance graduate/undergraduate robotics courses, nonlinear control courses and MATLAB/SIMULINK courses at research and development company (SSP Co.) research center, Shiraz, Iran.
This project was developed for an Embedded systems class: we implemented a PID controller for a mechanical inverted pendulum. It was very interesting to experiment in practice with a simple control plant.
Mathematical model analysis and control algorithms design based on state feed...hunypink
XZ-Ⅱtype rotary inverted pendulum is a typical mechatronic system; it completes real-time motion control using DSP motion controller and motor torque. In this paper, we recognize XZ-Ⅱrotational inverted pendulum and learn system composition, working principle, using method, precautions and software platform. We master how to build mathematical model and state feedback control method (pole assignment algorithm) of the one order rotational inverted pendulum system and finish simulation study of system using Mat lab. In the end we grasp debugging method of the actual system, and finish online control of the one order rotational inverted pendulum system as well.
MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF INVERTED PENDULUM USING INTERNAL MODEL CONTROLJournal For Research
The internal model control (IMC) philosophy relies on the internal model principle, which states that control can be achieved only if the control system encapsulates, either implicitly or explicitly, some representation of the process to be controlled. In particular, if the control scheme is developed based on an exact model of the process, then perfect control is theoretically possible. Transfer function of Inverted Pendulum is selected as the base of design, which examines IMC controller. Matlab/simulink is used to simulate the procedures and validate the performance. The results shows robustness of the IMC and got graded responses when compared with PID. Furthermore, a comparison between the PID and IMC was shows that IMC gives better response specifications.
The sliding mode control approach is recognized as one of the
efficient tools to design robust controllers for complex high-order non-linear dynamic plant operating under uncertainty conditions.
Sliding Mode Controller for Robotic Flexible Arm Jointomkarharshe
The problem of joint flexibility was of critical importance since the use of robot started in the fields such as space science and surveillance. This project addresses this issue by applying a stabilizing control law, ensuring robustness against plant uncertainties and disturbances.
Design and Implementation of Sliding Mode Algorithm: Applied to Robot Manipul...Waqas Tariq
Refer to the research, review of sliding mode controller is introduced and application to robot manipulator has proposed in order to design high performance nonlinear controller in the presence of uncertainties. Regarding to the positive points in sliding mode controller, fuzzy logic controller and adaptive method, the output in most of research have improved. Each method by adding to the previous algorithm has covered negative points. Obviously robot manipulator is nonlinear, and a number of parameters are uncertain, this research focuses on comparison between sliding mode algorithm which analyzed by many researcher. Sliding mode controller (SMC) is one of the nonlinear robust controllers which it can be used in uncertainty nonlinear dynamic systems. This nonlinear controller has two challenges namely nonlinear dynamic equivalent part and chattering phenomenon. A review of sliding mode controller for robot manipulator will be investigated in this research.
Controller design of inverted pendulum using pole placement and lqreSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Speed Sensorless Vector Control of Unbalanced Three-Phase Induction Motor wit...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presents a technique for speed sensorless Rotor Flux Oriented Control (RFOC) of 3-phase Induction Motor (IM) under open-phase fault (unbalanced or faulty IM). The presented RFOC strategy is based on rotational transformation. An adaptive sliding mode control system with an adaptive switching gain is proposed instead of the speed PI controller. Using an adaptive sliding mode control causes the proposed speed sensorless RFOC drive system to become insensitive to uncertainties such as load disturbances and parameter variations. Moreover, with adaptation of the sliding switching gain, calculation of the system uncertainties upper bound is not needed. Finally, simulation results have been presented to confirm the good performance of the proposed method.
Dc chopper is a method of speed control of DC motor,The continuous and discontinuous conduction can effect the motor speed and a vibration may occur during the load.This article explains the causes of this phenomenon and the methods to avoid these drawbacks.
Novel Method of FOC to Speed Control in Three-Phase IM under Normal and Fault...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper proposes a novel method for speed control of three-phase
induction motor (IM) which can be used for both healthy three-phase IM and
three-phase IM under open-phase fault. The proposed fault-tolerant control
system is derived from conventional field-oriented control (FOC) algorithm
with minor changes on it. The presented drive system is based on using an
appropriate transformation matrix for the stator current variables. The
presented method in this paper can be also used for speed control of singlephase
IMs with two windings. The feasibility of the proposed strategy is
verified by simulation results.
A New Induction Motor Adaptive Robust Vector Control based on Backstepping IJECEIAES
In this paper, a novel approach to nonlinear control of induction machine, recursive on-line estimation of rotor time constant and load torque are developed. The proposed strategy combines Integrated Backstepping and Indirect Field Oriented Controls. The proposed approach is used to design controllers for the rotor flux and speed, estimate the values of rotor time constant and load torque and track their changes on-line. An open loop estimator is used to estimate the rotor flux. Simulation results are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of the control technique and on-line estimation.
The main objective of this paper is to continue the development of activities of basic and applied research related to wind energy and to develop methods of optimal control to improve the performance and production of electrical energy from wind. A new control technique of Double fed induction generator for wind turbine is undertaken through a robust approach tagged nonlinear sliding mode control (SMC) with exponential reaching law control (ERL). The SMC with ERL proves to be capable of reducing the system chattering phenomenon as well as accelerating the approaching process. A nonlinear case numerical simulation test is employed to verify the superior performance of the ERL method over traditional power rate reaching strategy. Results obtained in Matlab/Simulink environment show that the SMC with ERL is more robust, prove excellent performance for the control unit by improving power quality and stability of wind turbine.
Sliding Mode Methodology Vs. Computed Torque Methodology Using MATLAB/SIMULIN...CSCJournals
Design a nonlinear controller for second order nonlinear uncertain dynamical systems is one of the most important challenging works. This paper focuses on the design, implementation and analysis of a chattering free sliding mode controller for highly nonlinear dynamic PUMA robot manipulator and compare to computed torque controller, in presence of uncertainties. In order to provide high performance nonlinear methodology, sliding mode controller and computed torque controller are selected. Pure sliding mode controller and computed torque controller can be used to control of partly known nonlinear dynamic parameters of robot manipulator. Conversely, pure sliding mode controller is used in many applications; it has an important drawback namely; chattering phenomenon which it can causes some problems such as saturation and heat the mechanical parts of robot manipulators or drivers. In order to reduce the chattering this research is used the linear saturation function boundary layer method instead of switching function method in pure sliding mode controller. These simulation models are developed as a part of a software laboratory to support and enhance graduate/undergraduate robotics courses, nonlinear control courses and MATLAB/SIMULINK courses at research and development company (SSP Co.) research center, Shiraz, Iran.
This project was developed for an Embedded systems class: we implemented a PID controller for a mechanical inverted pendulum. It was very interesting to experiment in practice with a simple control plant.
Mathematical model analysis and control algorithms design based on state feed...hunypink
XZ-Ⅱtype rotary inverted pendulum is a typical mechatronic system; it completes real-time motion control using DSP motion controller and motor torque. In this paper, we recognize XZ-Ⅱrotational inverted pendulum and learn system composition, working principle, using method, precautions and software platform. We master how to build mathematical model and state feedback control method (pole assignment algorithm) of the one order rotational inverted pendulum system and finish simulation study of system using Mat lab. In the end we grasp debugging method of the actual system, and finish online control of the one order rotational inverted pendulum system as well.
MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF INVERTED PENDULUM USING INTERNAL MODEL CONTROLJournal For Research
The internal model control (IMC) philosophy relies on the internal model principle, which states that control can be achieved only if the control system encapsulates, either implicitly or explicitly, some representation of the process to be controlled. In particular, if the control scheme is developed based on an exact model of the process, then perfect control is theoretically possible. Transfer function of Inverted Pendulum is selected as the base of design, which examines IMC controller. Matlab/simulink is used to simulate the procedures and validate the performance. The results shows robustness of the IMC and got graded responses when compared with PID. Furthermore, a comparison between the PID and IMC was shows that IMC gives better response specifications.
The sliding mode control approach is recognized as one of the
efficient tools to design robust controllers for complex high-order non-linear dynamic plant operating under uncertainty conditions.
Sliding Mode Controller for Robotic Flexible Arm Jointomkarharshe
The problem of joint flexibility was of critical importance since the use of robot started in the fields such as space science and surveillance. This project addresses this issue by applying a stabilizing control law, ensuring robustness against plant uncertainties and disturbances.
Design and Implementation of Sliding Mode Algorithm: Applied to Robot Manipul...Waqas Tariq
Refer to the research, review of sliding mode controller is introduced and application to robot manipulator has proposed in order to design high performance nonlinear controller in the presence of uncertainties. Regarding to the positive points in sliding mode controller, fuzzy logic controller and adaptive method, the output in most of research have improved. Each method by adding to the previous algorithm has covered negative points. Obviously robot manipulator is nonlinear, and a number of parameters are uncertain, this research focuses on comparison between sliding mode algorithm which analyzed by many researcher. Sliding mode controller (SMC) is one of the nonlinear robust controllers which it can be used in uncertainty nonlinear dynamic systems. This nonlinear controller has two challenges namely nonlinear dynamic equivalent part and chattering phenomenon. A review of sliding mode controller for robot manipulator will be investigated in this research.
Controller design of inverted pendulum using pole placement and lqreSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Speed Sensorless Vector Control of Unbalanced Three-Phase Induction Motor wit...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presents a technique for speed sensorless Rotor Flux Oriented Control (RFOC) of 3-phase Induction Motor (IM) under open-phase fault (unbalanced or faulty IM). The presented RFOC strategy is based on rotational transformation. An adaptive sliding mode control system with an adaptive switching gain is proposed instead of the speed PI controller. Using an adaptive sliding mode control causes the proposed speed sensorless RFOC drive system to become insensitive to uncertainties such as load disturbances and parameter variations. Moreover, with adaptation of the sliding switching gain, calculation of the system uncertainties upper bound is not needed. Finally, simulation results have been presented to confirm the good performance of the proposed method.
Dc chopper is a method of speed control of DC motor,The continuous and discontinuous conduction can effect the motor speed and a vibration may occur during the load.This article explains the causes of this phenomenon and the methods to avoid these drawbacks.
Novel Method of FOC to Speed Control in Three-Phase IM under Normal and Fault...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper proposes a novel method for speed control of three-phase
induction motor (IM) which can be used for both healthy three-phase IM and
three-phase IM under open-phase fault. The proposed fault-tolerant control
system is derived from conventional field-oriented control (FOC) algorithm
with minor changes on it. The presented drive system is based on using an
appropriate transformation matrix for the stator current variables. The
presented method in this paper can be also used for speed control of singlephase
IMs with two windings. The feasibility of the proposed strategy is
verified by simulation results.
A New Induction Motor Adaptive Robust Vector Control based on Backstepping IJECEIAES
In this paper, a novel approach to nonlinear control of induction machine, recursive on-line estimation of rotor time constant and load torque are developed. The proposed strategy combines Integrated Backstepping and Indirect Field Oriented Controls. The proposed approach is used to design controllers for the rotor flux and speed, estimate the values of rotor time constant and load torque and track their changes on-line. An open loop estimator is used to estimate the rotor flux. Simulation results are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of the control technique and on-line estimation.
The main objective of this paper is to continue the development of activities of basic and applied research related to wind energy and to develop methods of optimal control to improve the performance and production of electrical energy from wind. A new control technique of Double fed induction generator for wind turbine is undertaken through a robust approach tagged nonlinear sliding mode control (SMC) with exponential reaching law control (ERL). The SMC with ERL proves to be capable of reducing the system chattering phenomenon as well as accelerating the approaching process. A nonlinear case numerical simulation test is employed to verify the superior performance of the ERL method over traditional power rate reaching strategy. Results obtained in Matlab/Simulink environment show that the SMC with ERL is more robust, prove excellent performance for the control unit by improving power quality and stability of wind turbine.
We focus a modern methodology in this paper for adding the fuzzy logic control as well as sliding model control. This combination can enhance the MLS position control robustness and enhanced performance of it.In the start, for an application in an area to control the loops placement and position for the synchronous motor what has permanent magnetic linearity we tend to control the fuzzy sliding mode control. To resolve the chattering issues a designed controller is investigated and, in this way, steady state motion in sliding with higher accuracy is obtained. In this case, method of online tuning with the help of fuzzy logic is used in order to adjust the thickness of boundary layer and switching gains.For the suggested scheme technique, the outcomes of simulation suggest that with the classical SMC the accurate state and good dynamic performance is compared due to force chattering resistance, response by quick dynamic force and external disturbance elements and robustness against them.
Optimal FOPI-FOPD controller design for rotary inverted pendulum system using...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The rotary inverted pendulum (RIP) has been used in various control application areas. This system can be represented as two degree of freedom (2-DOF), consisting of a rotating arm and rotating pendulum rod. RIP is an excellent example of designing a single-input multi-output (SIMO) system. Due to unstable RIP system dynamics, and its nonlinear model, multiple control techniques have been used to control this system. This paper uses integer and fractional order proportional integral-proportional derivative (PI-PD) controllers to stabilize the pendulum in the vertical direction. Constrained optimization approaches, such as the grey wolf optimization (GWO) methodology, are utilized to estimate the parametric values of the controllers. The simulation results showed that the fractional order PI-PD controller outperforms the integer order PI-PD controller with and without disturbance signal existence. A multiple results comparison has illustrated the superiority of fractional order controller over a previous work.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Speed Control Techniques for Induction Motor - A Reviewijsrd.com
In this paper, various types of speed control methods for the single phase induction motor are described. Speed can be controlled to control the frequency or slip can be controlled to control the torque. Then flux and torque are also function of frequency and voltage. Various methods are used to control the flux and voltage. This paper is focused on sliding mode control technique for induction motor.
This paper describes the design and the simulation of a non-linear controller for two-mass system using induction motor basing on the backstepping method. The aim is to control the speed actual value of load motor matching with the speed reference load motor, moreover, electrical drive’s respone ensuring the “fast, accurate and small overshoot” and reducing the resonance oscillations for two-mass system using induction motor fed by voltage source inveter with ideally control performance of stator current. Backstepping controller uses the non-linear equations of an induction motor and the linear dynamical equations of two-mass system, the Lyapunov analysis and the errors between the real and the desired values. The controller has been implemented in both simulation and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) real-time experiments using Typhoon HIL 402 system, when the drive system operates at a stable speed (rotor flux is constant) and greater than rated speed (field weakening area). The simulation and HIL results presented the correctness and effectiveness of the controller is proposed; furthermore, compared to PI method to see the response of the system clearly.
A hybrid bacterial foraging and modified particle swarm optimization for mode...IJECEIAES
This paper study the model reduction procedures used for the reduction of large-scale dynamic models into a smaller one through some sort of differential and algebraic equations. A confirmed relevance between these two models exists, and it shows same characteristics under study. These reduction procedures are generally utilized for mitigating computational complexity, facilitating system analysis, and thence reducing time and costs. This paper comes out with a study showing the impact of the consolidation between the Bacterial-Foraging (BF) and Modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) for the reduced order model (ROM). The proposed hybrid algorithm (BF-MPSO) is comprehensively compared with the BF and MPSO algorithms; a comparison is also made with selected existing techniques.
This paper deal with the problem in speed controller for Indirect Field Oriented Control of Induction Motor. The problem cause decrease performance of Induction Motor where it widely used in high-performance applications. In order decrease the fault of speed induction motor, Takagi-Sugeno type Fuzzy logic control is used as the speed controller. For this, a model of indirect field oriented control of induction motor is built and simulating using MATLAB simulink. Secondly, error of speed and derivative error as the input and change of torque command as the output for speed control is applied in simulation. Lastly, from the simulation result overshoot is zero persent, rise time is 0.4s and settling time is 0.4s. The important data is steady state error is 0.01 percent show that the speed can follow reference speed. From that simulation result illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This paper presents simulation and experimental results of anti-windup PI controller to improve induction machine speed control based on direct torque control (DTC) strategy. Problems like rollover can arise in conventional PI controller due to saturation effect. In order to avoid such problems anti-windup PI controller is presented. This controller is simple for implementation in practice. The proposed anti-windup PI controller demonstrates better dynamic step changes response in speed in terms of overshoots. All simulation work was done using Simulink in the MATLAB software. The experimental results were obtained by practical implementation on a dSPACE 1104 board for a 1.5 KW induction machine. Simulation and experimental results have proven a good performance and verified the validity of the presented control strategy.
Induction motor harmonic reduction using space vector modulation algorithmjournalBEEI
The vector control was proposed as an alternative to the scalar control for AC machines control. Vector control provide high operation performance in steady state and transient operation. However, the variable switching frequency of vector control causes high flux and torque ripples which lead to an acoustical noise and degrade the performance of the control scheme. The insertion of the space vector modulation was a very useful solution to reduce the high ripples level inspite of its complexity. Numerical simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink show the good dynamic performance of the proposed vector control technique and the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless strategy in the presence of the sudden load torque basing on the integral backstepping approach capabilities on instant perturbation rejection.
Keywords
This paper presents a study concerning a sensorless vector control of an induction machine fed by a voltage source inverter. The aim is to provide a scheme to control the speed and the rotor flux using a sensorless integral backstepping control approach. The rotor speed estimation is done by an observer using the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) technique whereas the nonlinear backstepping observer is used to get the rotor flux. The main objective is to achieve a robust control, adaptive and efficient, which will allow us to test and evaluate the performance of the proposed observer, combined with a sensorless control of the induction machine. Tests and validation are done using numerical simulations with MATLAB/SIMULINK-PSB (Power System Block set) toolbox. The results show good performance in terms of robustness regarding machine parameter variations and show the excellent quality of the control law associated with the observer, despite the observability problems when the machine operates at low speed.
Simulation of Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller for Indirect Vector Control of In...ijsrd.com
Because of the low maintenance and robustness induction motors have many applications in the industries. Most of these applications need fast and smart speed control system. This paper introduces a smart speed control system for induction motor using fuzzy Sliding mode controller. The fuzzy-logic with sliding mode speed controller is employed in the outer loop. The performance of Fuzzy Logic control technique has been presented and analyzed in this work. The fuzzy logic controller is found to be a very useful technique to obtain a high performance speed control. The indirect vector controlled induction motor drive involves decoupling of the stator current in to torque and flux producing components. The analysis, design and simulation of the fuzzy logic controller for indirect vector control of induction motor are carried out based on fuzzy set theory. The model is carried out using Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results shows the superiority of fuzzy sliding mode controller in controlling three phase Induction motor with indirect vector control technique.
42 30 nA Comparative Study of Power Semiconductor Devices for Industrial PWM ...IAES-IJPEDS
The growing demand of energy translates into efficiency requirements of
energy conversion systems and electric drives. Both these systems are based
on Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Inverter. In this paper we firstly present
the state of art of the main types of semiconductors devices for Industrial
PWM Inverter. In particular we examine the last generations of Silicon
Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs and Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs)
and we present a comparison between these devices, obtained by SPICE
simulations, both for static characteristics at different temperatures and for
dynamic ones at different gate resistance, in order to identify the one which
makes the PWM inverter more efficient.
Modeling and State Feedback Controller Design of Tubular Linear Permanent Mag...IAES-IJPEDS
In this paper a state feedback controller for tubular linear permanent magnet
synchronous motor (TLPMSM) containing two gas springs, is presented.
The proposed TLPMSM controller is used to control reciprocating motions
of TLPMSM. The analytical plant model of TLPMSM is a multi-input
multi-output (MIMO) system which is decoupled to some sub single-input
single-output (SISO) systems, then, the sub SISO systems are converted to
sub-state space models. Indeed, the TLPMSM state space model is decoupled
to some sub-state spaces, and then, the gains of state feedback are calculated
by linear quadratic regulation (LQR) method for each sub-state space
separately. The controller decreases the distortions of the waveforms.
The simulation results indicate the validity of the controller.
Analysis of Harmonics and Ripple Current in Multi-Module Converters with Incr...IAES-IJPEDS
Controlled rectifiers are considered as the most important hardware part in
the field of HVDC systems in transmission lines and can be used for a
number of power electronics based system operation, control and utility
applications. In this paper, a brief design of a 12-pulse, 24-pulse, 36-pulse
and a 48-pulse converter connected to the grid is presented along with the
harmonic and ripple current analysis with its comparison statistics and thus
providing a justification for the suitable ones. The performance of the
12, 24, 36 and 48-pulse converters are compared for their effectiveness in
both quantitatively as well as qualitatively. Further, comparison of the
48-pulse converter on its THD and current ripple which is connected towards
the grid with simple pulse width modulation technique is also proposed. It
combines all features of the low switching concepts and DC current reinjection
techniques. Some basic topological explanation of the controlled
rectifiers and simulation results using MATLAB are also presented in this
paper in order to justify the harmonic analysis. The simulation results along
with the quantitative results shows the effectiveness of the proposed scheme
for the cancelation or the elimination of the harmonics result in maximum
harmonic mitigation, for high power utility applications, the 48-pulse
converter is most fitting to improve the conversion efficiency, low di/dt
and dv/dt and active and reactive power controllability.
Comparative Study of Various Adjustable Speed Drives during Voltage SagIAES-IJPEDS
This Paper compares the sensitivity of various adjustable speed drives to
voltage sag for the process control applications. Three phase voltage sag of
type B caused due to SLG fault is considered and four topologies of ASD’s
are compared in this paper. The comparison is done especially in speed,
voltage, current and torque of the ASDs. Diode rectifier without z source
inverter, diode rectifier with z source inverter, single phase two leg Vienna
rectifier and single phase neutral linked Vienna with z source inverter are
compared and the best one is highlighted. The circuits of various ASD’s are
simulated using Matlab /Simulink.
Modified Distribution Transformer for Enhancing Power Quality in Distribution...IAES-IJPEDS
The percentage of non-linear loads in the power distribution sector is increasing
day by day. Harmonics injected by these non-linear loads circulate in the delta
windings of the conventional distribution transformer thereby increasing the
temperature and losses. This reduces the efficiency and life of the transformers.
In a modified distribution transformer configuration proposed recently, called
star-star-delta_utilized configuration (YYD_utilized), the harmonics circulating
in the delta winding was utilized and the drainage power thus recovered was
used to power auxiliary loads. This paper presents the experimental studies
conducted on YYD_utilized distribution transformer. When compared to
conventional star-star, delta-star and star-star-delta transformers, the new
configuration of YYD_utilized transformer has shown considerable
improvement in transformer efficiency. The results obtained show that when
the power from the circulating harmonics is recovered and utilized, it not only
improves transformer efficiency but also improves the power factor
and reduces the harmonic distortions at the primary side of the transformer.
The results obtained also suggest the existence of maximum power point or an
optimum loading for the recovered harmonic power.
Modelling of Virtual Synchronous Converter for Grid-Inverter Synchronization ...IAES-IJPEDS
In this paper, virtual synchronous converter (VSCon) is been developed
which mimic the behavior of synchronous generator as in order to have fast
synchronization between the inverter with the grid. This synchronization is
important before can sent the power among inverter-grid connection. This
technique can also been applied at the distributed generated sources when are
connected to the local microgrids. Here, the frequency and voltage
synchronization also can be controlled at the same time some improvement
on synchronous generator mathematical model that is suitable to be
implemented into the inverter control. The whole unit of VSCon is operated
and simulated in Matlab/Simulink in order to observe all consequences
during synchronizing the voltage, frequency and phase-angle. It has been
verified by the simulation circuit where, the power converter can be
synchronized with the microrids without using a PLL unit for self
synchronization. This VSCon technique has proven that, by applying the
concept of the synchronous generator model in inverter control, it can cause
the inverter to behave as generator system, which does not required any
phase information from the grid in order to be synchronized.
Enhanced Crowbar Protection for Fault Ride through Capability of Wind Generat...IAES-IJPEDS
Due to increasing demand in power, the integration of renewable sources like
wind generation into power system is gaining much importance nowadays.
The heavy penetration of wind power into the power system leads to many
integration issues mainly due to the intermittent nature of the wind and the
desirability for variable speed operation of the generators. As the wind power
generation depends on the wind speed, its integration into the grid has
noticeable influence on the system stability and becomes an important issue
especially when a fault occurs on the grid. The protective disconnection of a
large amount of wind power during a fault will be an unacceptable
consequence and threatens the power system stability. With the increasing
use of wind turbines employing Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)
technology, it becomes a necessity to investigate their behavior during grid
faults and support them with fault ride through capability. This paper
presents the modeling and simulation of a doubly fed induction generator
according to grid code compatibility driven by a wind turbine connected to
the grid. This paper analyses the voltage sag due to a three-phase fault in the
wind connected grid. A control strategy including a crowbar circuit has been
developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK to bypass the rotor over currents during
grid fault to enhance the fault ride through capability and to maintain system
stability. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control
strategies in DFIG based grid connected wind turbine system.
An Improved of Multiple Harmonic Sources Identification in Distribution Syste...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper introduces an improved of multiple harmonic sources
identification that been produced by inverter loads in power system using
time-frequency distribution (TFD) analysis which is spectrogram.
The spectrogram is a very applicable method to represent signals in
time-frequency representation (TFR) and the main advantages
of spectrogram are the accuracy, speed of the algorithm and use low memory
size such that it can be computed rapidly. The identification of multiple
harmonic sources is based on the significant relationship of spectral
impedances which are the fundamental impedance (Z1) and harmonic
impedance (Zh) that extracted from TFR. To verify the accuracy of the
proposed method, MATLAB simulations carried out several unique cases
with different harmonic producing loads on IEEE 4-bus test feeder cases. It is
proven that the proposed method is superior with 100% correct identification
of multiple harmonic sources. It is envisioned that the method is very
accurate, fast and cost efficient to localize harmonic sources in distribution
system.
Performance and Energy Saving Analysis of Grid Connected Photovoltaic in West...IAES-IJPEDS
The paper presents performance and energy saving analysis of 1.25 kWp grid
connected photovoltaic system under difference weather condition in West
Sumatera. The measured data were performed during weather data that often
occur in West Sumatra i.e. sunny, overcast, raining and cloudy.
The synchronizing process successfully done even bad weather conditions
when sunlight was low automatically. Photovoltaic in average start
producing power from 7:00 AM to 6:00 PM for normal or clear sky, however
under overcast, raining and cloudy weather, the PV power decreased and
disconnected earlier before sunset. During intermittent raining, overcast and
cloud covered the PV power output show an irregular profile. The PV energy
saving performed for three residential connection cases: 1300 VA, 900 VA
with subsidized and 900 VA without subsidized. The solar PV installation
have more benefits and energy saving for 1300 VA, 900 VA without
subsidized with payback period around 8.5 years. However, the 900 VA with
subsidized take longer 20.8 years, but still in PV lifespan 25 years. In the
future, household subsidies may be reduced or eliminated, the solar energy
will be viable alternative of energy resources when it can produce electricity
at a cost equivalent to utility grid PLN rate.
An Improved Constant Voltage Based MPPT Technique for PMDC MotorIAES-IJPEDS
Stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) systems are being used in remote areas
and are being seen as one of the promising solution in this regard. The SAPV
system as presented in the paper consists of solar PV panel, a DC-DC
converter, a controller and a PMDC motor. The current-voltage and powervoltage
characteristics being nonlinear, the SAPV system require maximum
power point techniques (MPPT) control techniques to extract maximum
power available from the PV cell. A voltage based MPPT technique which is
capable of tracking MPP has been selected because of numerous advantages
it offers such as: simple and low cost of implementation. The limitation of
constant voltage method is that its efficiency is low as the PV panel has to be
disconnected from the load for measurement of the open circuit voltage
(Voc). In the presented paper, the authors have removed this limitation by
using a pilot PV panel for measurement of Voc. A proportional-integrator (PI)
based controller is used in implementation of constant voltage MPP
technique and the modeling is done in MATLAB®/SIMULINK simulation
environment. The simulation results are presented and discussed in the paper,
the results shows that the efficiency of the system has increased.
A Discrete PLL Based Load Frequency Control of FLC-Based PV-Wind Hybrid Power...IAES-IJPEDS
The sun and wind-based generation are considered to besource of green
power generation which can mitigate the power demand issues. As solar and
wind power advancements are entrenched and the infiltration of these
Renewable Energy Sources (RES) into to network is expanding dynamically.
So, as to outline a legitimate control and to harness power from RES the
learning of natural conditions for a specific area is fundamental. Fuzzy Logic
Controller (FLC) based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controlled
boost converter are utilized for viable operation and to keep DC voltage
steady at desired level. The control scheme of the inverter is intended to keep
the load voltage and frequency of the AC supply at aconstant level regardless
of progress in natural conditions and burden. A Simulink model of the
proposed Hybrid system with the MPPT controlled Boost converters
and Voltage regulated Inverter for stand-alone application is developed in
MATLAB R2015a, Version 8.5.0. The ongoing information of Wind Speed
and Solar Irradiation levels are recorded at BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
the performance of the voltage regulated inverter under constant and varying
linearAC load is analyzed. The investigation shows that the magnitude of
load voltage and frequency of the load voltage is maintained at desired level
by the proposed inverter control logic.
An Adaptive Virtual Impedance Based Droop Control Scheme for Parallel Inverte...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presents an adaptive virtual impedance based droop control
scheme for parallel inverter operation in low voltage microgrid. Because it is
essential to achieve power sharing between inverters in microgrid, various
droop control schemes have been proposed. In practice, the line impedance
between inverters and the point of common coupling (PCC) in microgrid are
not always equal. This imbalance in line impedance often results in a reactive
power mismatch among inverters. This problem has been solved by
introducing a virtual impedance loop in the conventional droop control
scheme. However, the reactive power sharing performance of this method is
still deteriorated when the line impedances change during operation. To
overcome such a problem, a new control scheme that is based on a virtual
impedance loop and an impedance estimation scheme is proposed.
To monitor the changes in line impedances, the impedance estimator is
implemented by using the output voltages and currents of inverters as well as
the voltages at the PCC. To compensate for the reactive power mismatch due
to the line impedance changes, the estimated line impedance is fed to the
virtual impedance loop in which it adjusts the virtual impedance value.
Comparative simulation results with the conventional ones verify the
effectiveness of the proposed adaptive virtual impedance based droop control
scheme.
Open-Switch Fault-Tolerant Control of Power Converters in a Grid-Connected Ph...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presents the study of an open switch fault tolerant control of a
grid-connected photovoltaic system. The studied system is based on the
classical DC-DC boost converter and a bidirectional 6-pulse DC-AC
converter. The objective is to provide an open-switch fault detection method
and fault-tolerant control for both of boost converter and grid-side converter
(GSC) in a grid-connected photovoltaic system. A fast fault detection method
and a reliable fault-tolerant topology are required to ensure continuity of
service, and achieve a faster corrective maintenance. In this work, the mean
value of the error voltages is used as fault indicator for the GSC, while, for
the boost converter the inductor current form is used as fault indicator. The
fault-tolerant topology was achieved by adding one redundant switch to the
boost converter, and by adding one redundant leg to the GSC. The results of
the fault tolerant control are presented and discussed to validate the proposed
approach under different scenarios and different solar irradiances.
Photovoltaic System with SEPIC Converter Controlled by the Fuzzy LogicIAES-IJPEDS
In this work, a fuzzy logic controller is used to control the output voltage of a
photovoltaic system with a DC-DC converter; type Single Ended Primary
Inductor Converter (SEPIC). The system is designed for 210 W solar
photovoltaic (SCHOTT 210) panel and to feed an average demand of 78 W.
This system includes solar panels, SEPIC converter and fuzzy logic
controller. The SEPIC converter provides a constant DC bus voltage and its
duty cycle controlled by the fuzzy logic controller which is needed to
improve PV panel’s utilization efficiency. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is
also used to generate the PWM signal for the SEPIC converter.
An Approach to Voltage Quality Enhancement by Introduction of CWVM for Distri...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presented with problems related with voltage flicker in power
system networks. Several international standard issued to control the voltage
flicker are briefly described and some important methods to analyse
electrical circuits with sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal waveforms are
introduced and evaluated. One of these methods-Cockcroft Walton Voltage
Multiplier (CWVM) has been used to increase the voltage of a filter, which is
also described in this paper as a practical application. The filter can
compensate for harmonic currents, power factor, and unbalance voltage.The
simulation results using Multisimare presented, showing that good dynamic
and steady-state response can be achieved with this approach.
Electric Power Converter with a Wide Input Voltage RangeIAES-IJPEDS
The electric power converter for downhole telemetry systems of oil-well
pumps include a downhole block connected to the pump that contains
electronic circuits required for the operation of the motor pump sensors
and transmission of data about their condition to the surface are described.
A few methods of electric power conversion for this purpose are considered.
The circuit contained two steps of voltage converting are proposed.
The electrical scheme of this method is considered in the article. Proposed
decisions are simulated and verified experimentally. The input high supply
voltage range (200-4200 V) without loss of efficiency (even temporary) was
obtained. The results of simulation and experimental studies have shown
very close results.
Design and Implementation of Real Time Charging Optimization for Hybrid Elect...IAES-IJPEDS
Electric vehicle (EV) has gained incredible interest from the past two decade
as one of the hopeful greenhouse gasses solution. The number of Electric
Vehicle (EV) is increasing around the world; hence that making EVs user
friendly becomes more important. The main challenge in usage of EV is the
charging time required for the batteries used in EV. As a consequence, this
subject matter has been researched in many credentials where a wide range
of solutions have been proposed. However those solutions are in nature due
to the complex hardware structure. To provide an unswerving journey
an Android application based charging optimization is proposed.
This application is aimed at giving relevant information about the EV’s
battery state of charge (SOC), accurate location of the EV, booking of the
charging slots using token system and route planner. At emergency
situations, an alternative service is provided by mobile charging stations.
Route planner indicates the temperature by which prediction of reaching the
destination can be done. In addition to that nearest places such as parks,
motels are indicated. The estimated time and distance between the electric
vehicle and the charging station is calculated by the charging station server
according to which the parking lot is allocated. Vehicle to charging station
communication is established for the time estimation of charging. This will
help the EV users to know about charge status and charging station, which
support fast charging method and availability of the station on the go
and also when to charge their EV. The Arduino UNO board has been used
for the hardware part. The hardware results are confirming the conceptual of
the proposed work.
Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic Induction Motor Drive for Agriculture Pu...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presents water pumping system using renewable source (solar)
without the use of chemical storage batteries. In this converter-inverter
circuit is used to drive Induction motor. The Converter used here is Two
Inductor boost converter (TIBC), which consists of a resonant tank, voltage
doubler rectifier and a snubber circuit. TIBC is designed to drive the three
phase induction motor from PV energy. TIBC converter is also known as
current fed multi resonant converter having high voltage gain and low input
current ripple. Converter switches are controlled through hysteresis controller
and ZCS resonant topologies. Solar PV power fluctuates according to
irradiation level of sunlight and hence tracking of maximum power at all
time is mandatory. SPWM control with third harmonic injection is used to
trigger the IGBT’s in the inverter. The development is oriented to achieve a
more efficient, reliable, maintenance free and cheaper solution than the
standard ones, that uses DC motors or low voltage synchronous motors.
The proposed method is verified with MATLAB/SIMULINK and the system
simulation confirms the performance of the proposed system.
Comparison of Sine and Space Vector Modulated Embedded Z-Source Inverter fed ...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper deals with performance of photovoltaic powered Embedded
Z-Source Inverter (EZSI) fed Induction motor drive. The DC output from the
PV-Panel is boosted and converted into AC using Embedded Z-Source
Inverter. EZSI system based on the concept of Z-Source Inverter (ZSI),
which provides single stage power conversion. The EZSI also produce same
voltage gain as that of the ZSI based system. In EZSI the DC source is
embedded within the X-shaped LC impedance network, due to this EZSI has
the added advantage of inherent source filtering capability, this can be
achieved without any extra passive filter. EZSI can produce the AC output
voltage which is greater than the DC link voltage. EZSI system also provides
ride-through capability under voltage sags. In this paper the performance of
space vector modulated EZSI fed Induction Motor Drive is compared with
sinusoidal PWM controlled EZSI fed Drive system. The PV powered EZSI
fed three phase Induction Motor System is designed, modeled and simulated
using MAT LAB-SIMULINK and the corresponding results are presented.
This drive system has advantages like voltage boosting ability and reduced
harmonic content.
Single-Phase Multilevel Inverter with Simpler Basic Unit Cells for Photovolta...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presents a single-phase multilevel inverter (MLI) with simpler
basic unit cells. The proposed MLI is able to operate in two modes, i.e.
charge mode to charge the batteries, and inverter mode to supply AC power
to load, and therefore, it is inherently suitable for photovoltaic (PV) power
generation applications. The proposed MLI requires lower number of power
MOSFETs and gate driver units, which will translate into higher cost saving
and better system reliability. The power MOSFETs in the basic unit cells
and H-bridge module are switched at near fundamental frequency, i.e. 100
Hz and 50 Hz, respectively, resulting in lower switching losses. For low total
harmonic distortion (THD) operation, a deep scanning method is employed
to calculate the switching angles of the MLI. The lowest THD obtained is
8.91% at modulation index of 0.82. The performance of the proposed MLI
(9-level) has been simulated and evaluated experimentally. The simulation
and experimental results are in good agreement and this confirms that the
proposed MLI is able to produce an AC output voltage with low THD.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
2. ISSN: 2088-8694
IJPEDS Vol. 4, No. 4, December 2014 : 481 – 488
482
Therefore, this paper proposes to deal with this deficiency by proposing a robust nonlinear PI
controller for an induction motor drive with unknown load torque. The controller is derived by combining a
backstepping procedure with a sliding mode. More precisely, the controllers are determined by imposing the
current-speed tracking recursively in two steps and by using appropriate gains that are nonlinear functions of
the system state.The advantage ofBackstepping sliding mode control is its robustness and ability to handle
the non-linear behaviour of the system.
The model of the induction motor, and shows the direct field-oriented control (FOC) of induction
motor in Section (2). Section (3) showsthe development of sliding technique control design. Section (4)
shows the development of Backstepping technique controldesign. The Speed Control ofinduction machine by
Backstepping sliding mode controllers design is given in section (5). Simulation results using MATLAB
SIMULINK of different studied cases is defined in Section (6). Finally, the conclusions are drawn in Section
(7).
2. MATHEMATICAL MODE OF IM
The used motor is a three phase induction motor type (IM) supplied by an inverter voltage
controlled with Pulse Modulation Width (PWM) techniques. A model based on circuit equivalent equations
is generally sufficient in order to make control synthesis. The dynamic model of three-phase, Y-connected
induction motor can be expressed in the d-q synchronously rotating frame as [13]:
rmdrqs
m
drds
dr
qsmdrdssqs
qs
dsdrqssds
ds
Cawaia
dt
dw
aia
dt
d
Vbwaiwia
dt
di
Vbaiwia
dt
di
..
.....
....
876
54
31
21
(1)
Where is the coefficient of dispersion and is given by:
rs
m
LL
L 2
1 ,
sLsig
b
.
1
,
r
r
m
s R
L
L
Rba ..
2
1
,
rs
rm
LLsig
RL
a 22
..
.
,
r
m
L
L
ba 3
r
rm
L
RL
a
.
4 ,
r
r
L
R
a
5
,
r
m
LJ
LP
a
.
.2
6 ,
J
f
a c
7
,
J
p
a 8
(2)
3. SLIDING MODE CONTROL
A Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) is a Variable Structure Controller (VSC) [10]. Basically, a VSC
includes several different continuous functions that can map plant state to a control surface, whereas
switching among different functions is determined by plant state represented by a switching function [7].
Without lost of generality, consider the design of a sliding mode controller for the following first-order
System.
UtxBxtxAx .),(.),(
(3)
Where U the input to the System the following is a possible choice of the structure of a sliding
mode controller
eqUU txsSignK ,. (4)
Where stands for equivalent control used when the System state is in the Sliding mode [2], K is a
constant, being the maximal value of the controller output. S is switching function since the control action
switches its sign on the two sides of the switching surface 0)( xS , S is defined as [14]:
3. IJPEDS ISSN: 2088-8694
Sliding Mode Backstepping Control of Induction Motor (Othmane Boughazi)
483
)(.)(
1
xe
t
xS
r
(5)
Where:
xx *
xe ,
*
x Being the desired state. is a constant.Concerning the development of the control law, it is
divided into two parts, the equivalent controlUeq and the attractively or reachability control Us. The
equivalent control is determined off-line with a model that represents the plant as accurately as possible. If
the plant is exactly is exactly identical to the model used for determining Ueq and there are no disturbances,
there would be no need to apply an additional control Us. However, in practice there are a lot of differences
between the model and the actual plant. Therefore, the control component Us is necessary which will always
guarantee that the state is attracted to the switching surface by satisfying the condition [13], [14].
0)(.)(
xSxS
Therefore, the basic switching law is of the form:
sweq UUU (6)
eqU is the equivalent control, and swU is the switching control. The function of eqU is to maintain the
trajectory on the sliding surface, and the function of swU is to guide the trajectory to this surface.
The surface is given by:
mmd wwzS *
11 (7)
The derivative of the surface is:
mmd wwzS
*
11
(8)
In a conventional variable structure control, Un generates a high control activity. It was first taken as
constant, a relay function, which is very harmful to the actuators and may excite themodel dynamics of the
System. This is known as a chattering phenomenon. Ideally, to reach the sliding surface, the chattering
phenomenon should be eliminated [13], [14]. However, in practice, chattering can only be reduced.
The first approach to reduce chattering was to introduce a boundary layer around the sliding surface
and to use a smooth function to replace the discontinuous part of the control action as follows:
)(
)(
))(sgn(.
)(.
xS
xS
if
if
xSKU
xS
K
U
sw
sw (9)
The constant K is linked to the speed of convergence towards the sliding surface of the process (the
reaching mode). Compromise must be made when choosing this constant, since if K is very small the time
response is important and the robustness may be lost, whereas when K is too big the chattering phenomenon
increases.
4. ISSN: 2088-8694
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484
Figure 1. Block diagram speed control of IM Indirect field-oriented control (IFOC) of inductionby sliding
mode
4. BACKSTEPPING CONTROL DESIGN
In this section, we use the Backstepping algorithm to develop the speed control law of the induction
motor This speed will converge to the reference value from a wide set of initial conditions.
Step 1: Firstly we consider the tracking objective of the direct current ( dr ). A tracking error
mmd wwz 1 is defined, and the derivative becomes:
mmd wwz 1
(10)
rmdrqsmd Cawaiawz ... 8761
(11)
The proposed virtual command is:
mdrmdrqs wzcCawaia 1187
*
6 .....
(12)
rmmdrmmd CawawzcCawawzzzzv 8711871111 ....
2
111 zczv (13)
With 01 c
Step 2: The derivative of the error variable
drqsdrqs iaiaz .... 6
*
62
(14)
drqsmdrm iawzcCawaz ..... 611872
(15)
drdsqsqsmdrdssqsdr
rmdrqsmdmdrrmdrqs
aiaibvwaiwiaa
CawaiawcwCaCawaiaaz
54316
8761887672 ....
qsvz 212
drdsqsmdrdssqsdr
rmdrqsrmdmd
aiaiwaiwiaa
CawaiaacCawcw
54316
87671811 ..
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486
2
44444 . zczzzv (26)
With c4>0.
5. ASSOCIATION BACKSTEPPING SLIDING MODE CONTROL
The control law obtained is:
2221212 zqzsignqvz qs
Then;
2
22211
zqzsignq
v qs
(27)
And,
4443434 zqzsignqvz ds
Then;
4
44433
zqzsignq
vds
(28)
The Figure 2 shows the backstepping sliding control strategy scheme for each induction motor.
.
Figure 2. Block diagramspeed control of IM by a combination of the BACK-SMC command
6. SIMULATION RESULTS
The three controls adopted as PI, sliding mode, and Backstepping sliding mode are tested by
numerical simulation for the values of these coefficients:
PI Rhopw=10 Rhoiw=10 Rhod=800 Rhoq=800
SMC Ld=800
Lq=500
Eps1=10-4
Eps2=10-4
Kvd=2500
Kvq=1500
Back-SMC C1=100
C2=300
q1=100
q2=100
q3=100
q4=100
Eps1=10-6
Eps2=10-6
The simulation results are showing Figure 3-Figure 5. Figure 3 shows the speed with PI, SMC And
Back-SMC, Figure 4 the torque and Figure 5 shows the current Ia,b,c.
7. IJPEDS ISSN: 2088-8694
Sliding Mode Backstepping Control of Induction Motor (Othmane Boughazi)
487
Figure (3), (4) and (5) shows the evolution of electrical and mechanical parameters of the IM ideal
voltage supplied to a load variation between 0.5 seconds and 1 second, and reverse speed set point at time 1.5
second 200 -200 [rad / s].
The results show a good response in IM alimented ideal tension, continuing with a very low
response time and a static error to zero for Backstepping control mode by sliding the control input to the PI
controller, and controller with sliding mode. The couple has a peak related to the start and fades during
permanent regime. The load change has also allowed us to conclude on the rejection of the disturbance which
is satisfactory
Figure 3. The speed of IM Figure 4. The torque
Figure 5. The Current Ia,b,c
7. CONCLUSION
The sliding mode control of the field oriented induction motor was proposed. To show the
effectiveness and performances of the developed control scheme, simulation study was carried out. Good
results were obtained despite the simplicity of the chosen sliding surfaces. The robustness and the tracking
qualities of the proposed control system using sliding mode controllers appear clearly.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the chattering, due to the discontinuous nature of the controller,
backstepping controllers were added to the sliding mode controllers.
These gave good results as well and simplicity with regards to the adjustment of parameters. The
simulations results show the efficiency of the sliding mode controller technique, however the strategy of
backstepping sliding mode controller brings good performances.
REFERENCES
[1] PC Krause, et al. Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems. John Wiley & Sons: 2002.
[2] PV Kokotovic, et al. Nonlinear and Adaptive control. John Wiley & Sons: 1995.
[3] Leonhard W. Control of Electrical Drives. Springer-Verlag, 1996.
[4] A Behal et al. An improved IFOC for the induction motor. IEEE Trans. Control Systems Technology. 2003 11(2):
248-252.
[5] D Casadei, et al. FOC and DTC: two viable schemes for induction motors torque control. IEEE Trans. Power
Electronics. 2002; 17(5): 779-787.
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
Time [sec]
speed[rad/s]
PI
SMC
BACK-SMC
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
-100
-50
0
50
100
Time [sec]
torque[Nm]
PI
SMC
BACK-SMC
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
Time [sec]
courantsias[A]
PI
SMC
BACK-SMC
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[6] J Chiasson. A new approach to dynamic feedback linearizationcontrol of an induction motor. IEEE Trans. Automatic
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[7] R Marino et al. Adaptive input-output linearizing control of induction motors. IEEE Tran. Automatic Control. 1993;
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[10] M Comanescu et al. Decoupled current control of sensorless induction-motor drives by integral sliding mode,” IEEE
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[11] A Derdiyok. Speed-sensorless control of induction motor using a continuous control approach of sliding-mode and
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[12] Zhongze Chen Changhong Shan Huiling Zhu. Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control Algorithm for a Non-Affine
Nonlinear System » Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2004; 19(2): 362 – 368
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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS
Othmane BOUGHAZI was born in Bougtob, El bayadh, Algeria, in 1977. He received
the Engineer degree in Electrotechnics, and the Magister degree from Bechar University,
Bechar, Algeria, in 2006 and 2010, respectively. Where he has been working toward the
Ph.D. degree in the Department of Electric and Electronics Engineering since december
2010. He is currently a Research member Laboratory Control, Analysis and Optimization
of Electroenergy Systems Department of Electric and Electronics Engineering, Bechar
University. His main research activity is focused on electric machine drive systems,
power electronics and process control.
Abelmadjid BOUMÉDIÈNE was born in Béchar, Alegria, in 1977. He received the
Engineer degree in Electrotechnics, the Magister degree and Doctorat d’Etat (Ph.D.)
degree in electric engineering, from the university of bechar, Algeria, in 2001, 2008 and
2012 respectively. Upon graduation, he joined the Electric Engineering Department of
University of Bechar. He was an associate Professor, member of Process Control Laboratory
(ENP). Since 2012, he joined the Electric Engineering Department of University of
Tlemcen. He is an associate Professor, member of Automatique Laboratory of Tlemcen
(LAT). His research interests include electric machine drives, power electronics and
process control.
Hachemi GLAOUI was born in Béchar, Alegria, in 1977. He received the Engineer degree in
Electrotechnics, the Magister degree and Doctorat d’Etat (Ph.D.) degree in electric engineering,
from the University of Bechar, Algeria, in 2001, 2008 and 2012 respectively. Currently he is
professor in the Electric Engineering Department of University at Bechar.