IT Database Management System 1

1. DATABASE
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS

2. ITE 3 / ITEP2
19 14

3. This c urs c ve the d re a hite ture o the
o e o rs iffe nt rc c f
re tio l, hie rc a a ne o
la na ra hic l, nd tw rks m d ls Othe
oe . r
to ic to b c ve d a thed s nso d ta a e a lys
p s e o re re e ig f a b s , na is
o d ta a the d re m na e e is ue o s c
f a nd iffe nt a g m nt s s f e urity,
inte rity, c nc nc c ntro re o ry, d trib d
g o urre e o l, c ve is ute
d ta a e o je t-o nte d ta a e a
a b s , b c rie d a b s , nd c nt-s rve lie e r
te hno g Inc e a a va e to ic o d ta a e
c lo y. lud d re d nc d p s n a b s
sc
e urity, inte rity, c nc nc c ntro a re o ry. A
g o urre e o l nd c ve
d c s n o d trib d d ta a e is a o inc e a
is us io n is ute a b s ls lud d nd
b s SQL c m a .
a ic o m nd

4. 3units–ITE 2 7/ITEP13
2 3

5. The s e a e e te to b c m fa ilia w the
tud nts re xp c d e o e m r ith
d re
iffe nt d ta a e a hite ture o the re tio l,
a bs rc c f la na
hie rc a a ne o m d ls a lyze a d s n
ra hic l nd tw rk o e ; na nd e ig
d ta a e ; m na e is ue o s c
a bss a g s s f e urity, inte rity,
g
c nc nc c ntro a
o urre e o l nd re o ry; d re te
c ve iffe ntia
d trib d d ta a e w o je t-o nte d ta a e a
is ute a b s ith b c rie d a b s nd
c nt-s rve d ta a e te hno g a le rn b s SQL
lie e r a b s c lo y; nd a a ic
cm a .
o m nd

6. Ins to FOR-IAN V. SANDOVAL
truc r:
ls u_it@ ya o o
p ho .c m
fvs nd va ya o o
a o l@ ho .c m

7. What is a data?
 p c s o info a n tha re re e the q lita
ie e f rm tio t p s nt ua tive or
q ntita a ute o ava b o s t o va b s
ua tive ttrib s f ria le r e f ria le .
 d ta (p l o "d tum a typ a the re ults o
a lura f a ") re ic lly s f
m a ure e a c n b the b s o g p , im g s
e s m nts nd a e a is f ra hs a e ,
o o s rva nso as t o va b s
r b e tio f e f ria le .
 d taa o n vie e a thelo e t le l o a s c n
a re fte wd s w s ve f b tra tio
fro w h info a n a kno le g a d rive .
m hic rm tio nd w d e re e d

8. What is a file?
 a c lle tio o d ta (o o n, o lo ic lly re te
o c n f a r, fte f g a la d
re o s s re a d a w a as le na e unit.
c rd ) to d nd e lt ith s ing , m d

9. What is a database?
 A d ta a eis a s ture c lle tio o re o s o d ta
a bs truc d o c n f c rd r a
tha iss re in ac m ute s te .
t to d o p r ys m
 A d ta a e is a c lle tio o d ta typ a d s rib
a bs o c n f a , ic lly e c ing
thea tivitie o o o m rere te o a tio . Fo
c s f ne r o la d rg niza ns r
e m le the unive ity m ht c nta info a n
xa p rs ig o in rm tio
a o thefo w :
b ut llo ing
 Entitie s h a s e , fa ulty, c urs s a
s uc s tud nts c o e nd
c s ro m .
la s o s
 Re tio hip b tw e e
la ns s e e n ntitie s h a s e ’
s uc s tud nts
e llm nt in c urs s fa ulty te c
nro e o e, c a hing c urs s a
o e nd
theus o ro m fo c urs s
e f o s r o e.

10. What Is a DBMS?
 A Database Management System (DBMS) isa
s ftw rep c g d s ne to s rea m na e
o a a ka e e ig d to nd a g
d ta a e .
a bss
 Mo e re l-w rldenterprise.
d ls a o
 Entitie (e ., s e , c urs s
s .g tud nts o e )
 Re tio hip (e ., Ma o
la ns s .g d nnaistakingC 6 )
S5 4

12. Files vs. DBMS
 Ap lic tio m t s g la ed ta e b tw e m in
p a n us ta e rg a s ts e e n a
m m ry a s c nd ry s ra e(e ., b ring p g -
e o nd e o a to g .g uffe , a e
o nte a c s , 3 -b a d s ing e .)
rie d c e s 2 it d re s , tc
 Sp c l c d fo d re q rie
e ia o e r iffe nt ue s
 Mus p te t d tafro inc ns te y d to m
t ro c a m o is nc ue ultiple
c nc nt us rs
o urre e
 C s re o ry
ra h c ve
 Se urity a a c s c ntro
c nd c e s o l

13. Why Use a DBMS?
 Da ind p nd nc a e ie a c s .
ta e e e e nd ffic nt c e s
 Re uc d a p a n d ve p e tim .
d e p lic tio e lo m nt e
 Da inte rity a s c
ta g nd e urity.
 Unifo d taa m tra n.
rm a d inis tio
 C nc nt a c s , re o ry fro c s s
o urre c e s c ve m ra he .

14. ?
Why Study Databases??
 Shift fro computation toinformation
m
 a the“ we ” s ra b to w b p c (am s !)
t lo nd : c m le es ae es
 a the“ h e ” s ie
t hig nd : c ntifica p a ns
p lic tio
 Da s tsinc a ingin d rs a vo e
ta e re s ive ity nd lum .
 Dig l lib rie , inte c
ita ra s ra tivevid o Hum n Ge m p je t,
e, a no e ro c
EOS p je t
ro c
 ... ne d fo DBMS e lo ing
e r xp d
 DBMS e o p s e m s o C
nc m a s s o t f S
 OS, la ua e , the ry, AI, m
ng g s o ultim d , lo ic
e ia g

15. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS
Thete p s ntsas nd rd lis o virtues o d ta a e
xt re e ta a t f f a bs
s te s
ys m :
1. Getting more information from the same amount of
data
2. Sharing data
3. Balancing conflicting requirement
4. Controlling redundancy
5. Facilitating Consistency
6. Improving integrity - Integrity constraints

16. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS
Thete p s ntsas nd rd lis o virtues o d ta a e
xt re e ta a t f f a bs
s te s
ys m :
7. Expanding security
8. Increasing Productivity
9. Providing data independence

17. DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS
Thete p s ntsas nd rd lis o virtues o d ta a e
xt re e ta a t f f a bs
s te s
ys m :
1. Large file size
2. Increase complexity
3. Greater impact of failure
4. More difficult recovery

18. DBMS Building Blocks
A DBMS inc e fo m in p rts
lud s ur a a :
 modeling language
 data structure
 database query language
 transaction mechanisms:

19. Modeling Language
A d ta m d ling la ua e to d fine the s he a o
a oe ng g e c m f
e c d ta a eho te in theDBMS, a c rd to theDBMS
ah a bs s d c o ing
d ta a em d l.
a bs oe
 hierarchical model
 network model
 relation model
 object model

20. Data Structure
Da s ture (fie s re o s file a o je ts
ta truc s ld , c rd , s nd b c )
o tim d to d a w ve la ea o
p ize e l ith ry rg m unts o d ta s re o
f a to d n
a p rm ne d ta s ra e d vic (w h im lie re tive
e a nt a to g e e hic p s la ly
s wa c s c m a d to vo tilem in m m ry).
lo c e s o p re la a e o

21. Database Query Language
 A d ta a e q ry la ua e a re o w r a w
a b s ue ng g nd p rt rite llo s
us rsto inte c ly inte g tethed ta a e a lyzeits
e ra tive rro a a b s , na
d ta a up a it a c rd to the us r’ p
a nd d te c o ing e s rivile e o
gs n
d ta
a .
 It a o c ntro the s c
ls o ls e urity o the d ta a e Da
f a bs. ta
sc
e urity p ve una
re nts utho d us rs fro vie ing o
rize e m w r
up a
d tingthed ta a e
a bs.
 Us p s w rd , us rs a a w d a c s to the e
ing a s o s e re llo e c e s ntire
d ta a eo s s tso it c lle subschemas.
a b s r ub e f a d

22. Transaction Mechanism
 A d ta a etra a tio m c nis id a g ra e
a b s ns c n e ha m e lly ua nte s
AC p p rtie in o e toe ured tainte rity d s ite
ID ro e s rd r ns a g ep
c nc nt us r a c s e (c nc nc c ntro a fa
o urre e c e s s o urre y o l), nd ults
(fa to ra e
ult le nc ).
 It a om inta theinte rity o thed tain thed ta a e
ls a ins g f a a bs.
 TheDBMS c n m inta theinte rity o thed ta a eb
a a in g f a bs y
no a w m retha o us r to up a thes m re o
t llo ing o n ne e d te a e c rd
a thes m tim .
t a e e

23. Transaction Mechanism
 TheDBMS c n he p ve d lic tere o sviauniq
a lp re nt up a c rd ue
ind x c ns ints
e o tra ;

24. DBMS FEATURES AND
CAPABILITIES
Fe ture c m o o re b d ta a em na e e
a s o m nly ffe d y a b s a g m nt
s te sinc e
ys m lud :
1. Que Ab
ry ility
2 RuleRe rc m nt
. info e e
3 C m uta n
. o p tio
4 C ng a Ac e sLo g
. ha e nd c s g ing
5 Auto a dOp iza n
. m te tim tio

25. LOGICAL & PHYSICAL VIEW
A DBMS m inim s the e p b m b p vid
ize s ro le s y ro ing
tw vie so thed ta a ed ta alo ic l (e rna vie a
o w f a bs a : g a xte l) w nd
p ic l (inte l) vie .
hys a rna w
 Lo ic l Vie
g a w
The lo ic l vie /us r’ vie , o a d ta a e p g m
g a w es w f a b s ro ra
re re e d ta in a fo a tha is m a
p s nts a rm t t e ning to a us r a
ful e nd
to thes ftw rep g m tha p c s tho ed ta Tha is the
o a ro ra s t ro e s s a . t ,
lo ic l vie te the us r, in us r te s w t is in the
g a w lls e e rm , ha
d ta a e
a bs.

26. LOGICAL & PHYSICAL VIEW
 P ic l Vie
hys a w
The p ic l vie d a w the a tua p ic l
hys a w e ls ith c l, hys a
a ng m nt a lo a n o d tain thed c a c s s ra e
rra e e nd c tio f a ire t c e s to g
d vic s (DASDs Da b s s e ia ts us the p ic l
e e ). ta a e p c lis e hys a
vie to m ke e ie us o s ra e a p c s ing
w a ffic nt e f to g nd ro e s
re o e .
s urc s

27. LOGICAL & PHYSICAL VIEW
One s ng o a DBMS is tha w
tre th f t hile the is o
re nly
o p ic l vie o the d ta the c n b a e le s
ne hys a w f a , re a e n nd s
num e o d re lo ic l vie s
b r f iffe nt g a w .

28. LOGICAL & PHYSICAL VIEW
Tra itio l Vie o Da
d na w f ta

29. META-DATA REPOSITORY
Me d ta is d ta d s rib
ta a a e c ing d ta Fo e m le a
a . r xa p ,
listing tha d s rib s w t a ute a a w d to b in
t e c e ha ttrib s re llo e e
d ta s tsisc lle "m ta
a e a d e -info a n". Them ta a isa o
rm tio e -d ta ls
kno n a d taa o d ta
w s a b ut a .

30. Examples of Data Management
 Ad va
a s
 Ad p
a tiveSe r Ente ris
rve rp e
 Alp Five
ha
 Co p
m uthink’ Vie W e
s w is
 Da d DB
ffo il
 Da Ea e
ta s
 File ke
Ma r
 Fire ird
b
 IBM DB2
 IBM UniVe ers

31. Examples of Data Management
 Ing s
re
 Info ix
rm
 InterSys mC c
te a he
 Ke xi
 Linte SQL RDBMS
r
 Ma Lo ic
rk g
 Mic s ft Ac e s
ro o cs
 Mic s ft SQL Se r
ro o rve
 Mic s ft Vis l Fo ro
ro o ua xp
 Mo tDB
ne

32. Examples of Data Management
 MySQL
 Op nLink Virtuo o
e s
 Op nOffic .o Ba e
e e rg s
 Ora leDa b s
c ta a e
 P s re
o tg SQL
P g s
ro re s
 SQL Anyw re
he
 SQLite
 Te d ta
ra a
 Ve aAna
rtic lyticDa b s
ta a e