3. Review of mountain building and Alp formation
BY THE END OF THIS LESSON...
Some students will: create detailed maps of Europe illustrating areas of relief,
shields, Loess and rivers
Most students will: explain the importance of sediment basins in the history of
relief across Europe
All students will: consider how we know what we know about the creation of the
Alps
Key words
Geological time
Continental drift
5. Relative age dating
• Superposition
• Original horizontality
• Lateral continuity
• Cross-cutting relationships
• Inclusions
• Fossil succession
6.
7. Absolute dating
• Thus, by using the appropriate radioactive isotope
(knowing its half-life time), and measuring the quantity of
the isotope present in the rock, one can deduce how long it
has taken to decay down to the present amount in the rock.
• Example: A rock has 0.5 (one-half) of the original carbon 14
material in it. One can deduce that knowing the half-life of
carbon 14 is 5730 years, the rock must have decayed (lost)
50% of its original carbon 14 material and is now 5730
years old. In a period of 5730 years from now, the rock will
contain .25 (25%) of its original carbon 14 material.
Theoretically, there will always be some trace of carbon 14
present in the rock…it will never decay totally.
8. LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR THIS LESSON 02/05/2024
BY THE END OF THIS LESSON...
Some students will: create detailed maps of Europe illustrating areas of relief,
shields, Loess and rivers
Most students will: explain the importance of sediment basins in the history of
relief across Europe
All students will: consider how we know what we know about the creation of the
Alps
Key words
Geological time
Continental drift
10. LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR THIS LESSON 02/05/2024
BY THE END OF THIS LESSON...
Some students will: create detailed maps of Europe illustrating areas of relief,
shields, Loess and rivers
Most students will: explain the importance of sediment basins in the history of
relief across Europe
All students will: consider how we know what we know about the creation of the
Alps
Key words
Geological time
Continental drift
19. North European Plain
• Low-lying land in Northern Europe
• Separates North and Baltic sea
• Used frequently in commerical farming
20. River Valleys
• Please mark on:
Tagus
Loire
Seine
Thames
Rhine
Elbe
Danube
Po
Oder
Vistula
21.
22. Varscian Mountains
• Elevated areas and plateaus
• Often volcanically active until 10,000 years
ago
• The Massif Central
23. LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR THIS LESSON 02/05/2024
BY THE END OF THIS LESSON...
Some students will: create detailed maps of Europe illustrating areas of relief,
shields, Loess and rivers
Most students will: explain the importance of sediment basins in the history of
relief across Europe
All students will: consider how we know what we know about the creation of the
Alps
Key words
Geological time
Continental drift
Editor's Notes
What about other mountains?
Add times onto Geological timescale
More than 80% of the British population now lives in urban areas. Urbanisation and rapid population growth at the time of the industrial revolution led to previously small towns such as Glasgow, Newcastle and Manchester becoming large cities. Within 150 years the UK was transformed from a nation of rural farmers to a nation of urban factory workers. Aerial shots of various urban landscapes emphasise this.
300 years ago 80% of people lived in the countryside
Superposition – undisturbed, layer on bottom is oldest
Original horizontality – sediment is generally deposited horizontally
Lateral continuity – sediment extends laterally in all directions, until they reach the end of their basin
Cross-cutting relationships – that which cuts through is younger
Inclusions – rock contained within another is older
Fossil succession – groups of fossils succeed each other trough time
More than 80% of the British population now lives in urban areas. Urbanisation and rapid population growth at the time of the industrial revolution led to previously small towns such as Glasgow, Newcastle and Manchester becoming large cities. Within 150 years the UK was transformed from a nation of rural farmers to a nation of urban factory workers. Aerial shots of various urban landscapes emphasise this.
300 years ago 80% of people lived in the countryside
More than 80% of the British population now lives in urban areas. Urbanisation and rapid population growth at the time of the industrial revolution led to previously small towns such as Glasgow, Newcastle and Manchester becoming large cities. Within 150 years the UK was transformed from a nation of rural farmers to a nation of urban factory workers. Aerial shots of various urban landscapes emphasise this.
300 years ago 80% of people lived in the countryside
limit of the Last Glacial Maximum (pink line)
the maximum limit of Pleistocene glaciation (black line)
and the location of overdeepened valleys and basins (red)
limit of the Last Glacial Maximum (pink line)
the maximum limit of Pleistocene glaciation (black line)
and the location of overdeepened valleys and basins (red)
The Baltic Shield contains the oldest rocks of theEuropean continent. The lithospheric thickness is about 200-300 km. During the Pleistocene epoch, great continental ice sheets scoured and depressed the shield's surface, leaving a thin covering of glacial material and innumerable lakes and streams. The Baltic Shield is still rebounding today following the melting of the thick glaciers during theQuaternary Period.
Can build incredibly steep walls (up to 150m in China)
In Europe there is an extensive, uninterrupted loess cover in the South Russian Plain, large spots and belts in the Danube Basin, along the Rhine, along the margin of the former inland ice cap in the German-Polish plain, and in the Paris Basin.
River
More than 80% of the British population now lives in urban areas. Urbanisation and rapid population growth at the time of the industrial revolution led to previously small towns such as Glasgow, Newcastle and Manchester becoming large cities. Within 150 years the UK was transformed from a nation of rural farmers to a nation of urban factory workers. Aerial shots of various urban landscapes emphasise this.
300 years ago 80% of people lived in the countryside
