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SILVIA F. RODRIGUEZ PITRE
THIRD SEMESTER
2020-1
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INTRODUCTION
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Hemotropic mycoplasmas
(hemoplasmas)
Are uncultivable bacterias that
parasitize the red blood cell surface of a
large number of vertebrates, they are
usually characterized by hemolytic
anemia in susceptible species.
In whom?
• Hematophagous arthropods
• Hematophagous bats
• In wild animals as:
canids, felids, and non-human
primates.
INTRODUCTION
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In Cats: Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus M.
haemominutum (CMhm) y Ca. M. turicensis (CMt)
In Dogs: M. haemocanis (Mhc) y Ca. M. haematoparvum
(CMhp).
In bats: Mycoplasma sp, Sturnira lilium, Eptesicus spp,
Eumops auripendulus, Myotisnigricans , Glossophaga
soricina, Molossus rufus, Candidatus Mycoplasma
hemohominis.
Clinical Picture:
• Anemia
• Febrile syndrome
• Lymphadenohaties
• Hepatomegaly
• Jaundice
OBJECTIVE
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This study aimed to
evaluate the presence of
hemotropic mycoplasma
species in free-ranging bats
from this area using a
universal PCR protocol for
hemoplasmas
MATERIALES Y METODOS
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Por puncion
intracardiaca
MUESTREO X8: Machos
La captura se realizó con una red de niebla
colocada en las salidas de la cueva de las rutas de
vuelo de murciélagos, de 6 pm a 9 pm.
La captura se dio en dos cuevas en la ciudad de Rio Branco do
Sul, estado de Paraná.
Fue parte del programa de monitoreo de la rabia en
herbívoros.
x6: Desmodus rotundus; Familia Phyllostomidae
x2: Diphylla ecaudata; Familia Phyllostomidae
Murcielagos no
hemofagos
Finalmente los murcielagos fueron
eutanasiados con cloruro de potasio
intracardiaco.
X10
Molossus spp; Familia Molossidae
Para vigilancia de la rabia
X2: Hembras
MATERIALES Y METODOS
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DETECCION MICROSCOPICA
Fundamento: utilizan microscopios opticos
o electronicos que usan lentes, para enfocar y
agrandar los rayos de luz que pasan a través
de un espécimen. Pueden utilizarse diversas
coloraciones, en el presente estudio se utiliza
Giemsa (azul de metileno, azure y eosina).
Utilidad: para aumentar las imágenes de
objetos, tejidos y demas, no visibles a simple
vista. En este caso el extendido de sangre.
PCR (reaccion en cadena de polimerasa)
Fundamento: reaccion enzimatica por medio de
una polimerasa que Su objetivo es obtener un
gran número de copias de un fragmento
de ADN particular, partiendo de una única copia
de ese fragmento original, o molde.
Utilidad: En este caso
- 200 μL de sangre Gliceraldehido-3-
fosfato deshidrogenasa
- A Temperaturas y tiempos adecuados.
- Se sometieron a electroforesis y se
observaron bajo un transiluminador de luz
UV de 312 nm
MATERIALES Y METODOS
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SECUENCIACION DEL GEN 16S DNAr DE MYCOPLASMA SP.
Fundamento: El proceso que determina la secuencia de bases de los nucleótidos (As, Ts, Cs y Gs) de un
fragmento de ADN. Requiere romper el ADN del genoma en muchos pedazos más pequeños, secuenciar
dichos pedazos y ensamblar las secuencias.
Utilidad:
Se secuenciaron los genes
utilizando cebadores
universales.
Los productos de la PCR se
purificaron utilizando perlas
magneticas
Se evaluaron mediante
espectofotometria
(concentracion y
pureza)
Se secuanciaron
por el metodo
de Sanger
1
2
3
4
RESULTS
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A total of eight (8/10) blood samples were positive by the
conventional pan-hemoplasma PCR targeting the 16S
rDNA gene.
One (1/2) non-hematophagous Molossus sp. female bat
was positive.
All samples were tested negative for rabies virus
1
2
3
4
5
RESULTS
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The PCR amplicons from all positive samples were
sequenced in both forward and reverse directions, with
approximately 700–900 base pair quality.
The hemoplasma infection was detected in seven male
hematophagous bats, five (5/6) Desmodus rotundus, and
two (2/2) Diphylla ecaudata.
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DISCUSSION
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R.C. Woese et al.
(1987)
B. Willi
F.S. Boretti,
S. Tasker
J.L.N. Wood,
M. Leach,
L. Waldman
l The use of “universal” primers for the detection of
bacterial species and differentiation based on
sequencing is possible due to the presence of highly
conserved and hypervariable nucleic acid
sequences, respec- tively, such as the regions in the
16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
l The role of hematophagous and non-
hematophagous bats in the transmission of
hemoplasmas in rural and urban areas, respectively,
should be further investigated mainly due to the
close contact of bats with other wild and domestic
animals and human beings.
l There are no such studies using bats. In
addition, there is a possibility of interspecies
transmission based on the fact that
hemoplasmas phylogenetically similar are
present in different host species.
CONCLUSIONS
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 12
I believe that this same study, wich is just as
satisfactory, should also be carried out on
other species of animals, different from
those already mentioned, so that there is no
contagion between them and avoid
morbidity.
Although the study is in another country and the
affected animals are there, this study should be
carried out in Colombia, since here there are
also those species of bats and other types of
animals that remain close to the inhabitants,
which can be infected.
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 13
MICOPLASMAS
HEMOTROPICOS
(HEMOPLASMAS)
¿QUE SON?
Bacterias Gram negativas
incultivables que parasitan la
superficie de los eritrocitos de
los vertebrados.
¿DONDE SE
ENCUENTRAN?
- Artrópodos
hematopófagos
- Murciélagos
hematopófagos
- Caninos, felinos,
primates.
TIPOS
- Mycoplasma
haemofelis (Mhf)
- Candidatus M.
haemominutum (CMhm)
- Ca. M. turicensis (CMt)
- M. haemocanis (Mhc)
- Ca. M. haematoparvum
(CMhp).
- Mycoplasma sp
- Sturnira lilium
- Eptesicus spp
- Eumops auripendulus
- Myotisnigricans
-Glossophaga soricina
-Molossus rufus
-CandidatusMycoplasmahemohominis.
¿COMO
DETECTARLOS?
PCR
Deteccion
microscopica con
frotis sanguineo
Secuenciacion de
Genes
¿COMO SE
OBSERVAN ?
Transimision mecanica
(por vectores) o directa.
En forma de cocos,
bacilos o en forma de
discos
¿DONDE?
En la membrana
de los globulos
rojos
¿QUE GENERA?
- Anemia
- Sindrome febril
-Hepatomegalia
-Linfadenopatias
-Ictericia

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Seminario biologia molecular

  • 1. SILVIA F. RODRIGUEZ PITRE THIRD SEMESTER 2020-1 The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 1
  • 2. INTRODUCTION The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 2 Hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) Are uncultivable bacterias that parasitize the red blood cell surface of a large number of vertebrates, they are usually characterized by hemolytic anemia in susceptible species. In whom? • Hematophagous arthropods • Hematophagous bats • In wild animals as: canids, felids, and non-human primates.
  • 3. INTRODUCTION The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 3 In Cats: Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus M. haemominutum (CMhm) y Ca. M. turicensis (CMt) In Dogs: M. haemocanis (Mhc) y Ca. M. haematoparvum (CMhp). In bats: Mycoplasma sp, Sturnira lilium, Eptesicus spp, Eumops auripendulus, Myotisnigricans , Glossophaga soricina, Molossus rufus, Candidatus Mycoplasma hemohominis. Clinical Picture: • Anemia • Febrile syndrome • Lymphadenohaties • Hepatomegaly • Jaundice
  • 4. OBJECTIVE The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 4 This study aimed to evaluate the presence of hemotropic mycoplasma species in free-ranging bats from this area using a universal PCR protocol for hemoplasmas
  • 5. MATERIALES Y METODOS The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 5 Por puncion intracardiaca MUESTREO X8: Machos La captura se realizó con una red de niebla colocada en las salidas de la cueva de las rutas de vuelo de murciélagos, de 6 pm a 9 pm. La captura se dio en dos cuevas en la ciudad de Rio Branco do Sul, estado de Paraná. Fue parte del programa de monitoreo de la rabia en herbívoros. x6: Desmodus rotundus; Familia Phyllostomidae x2: Diphylla ecaudata; Familia Phyllostomidae Murcielagos no hemofagos Finalmente los murcielagos fueron eutanasiados con cloruro de potasio intracardiaco. X10 Molossus spp; Familia Molossidae Para vigilancia de la rabia X2: Hembras
  • 6. MATERIALES Y METODOS The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 6 DETECCION MICROSCOPICA Fundamento: utilizan microscopios opticos o electronicos que usan lentes, para enfocar y agrandar los rayos de luz que pasan a través de un espécimen. Pueden utilizarse diversas coloraciones, en el presente estudio se utiliza Giemsa (azul de metileno, azure y eosina). Utilidad: para aumentar las imágenes de objetos, tejidos y demas, no visibles a simple vista. En este caso el extendido de sangre. PCR (reaccion en cadena de polimerasa) Fundamento: reaccion enzimatica por medio de una polimerasa que Su objetivo es obtener un gran número de copias de un fragmento de ADN particular, partiendo de una única copia de ese fragmento original, o molde. Utilidad: En este caso - 200 μL de sangre Gliceraldehido-3- fosfato deshidrogenasa - A Temperaturas y tiempos adecuados. - Se sometieron a electroforesis y se observaron bajo un transiluminador de luz UV de 312 nm
  • 7. MATERIALES Y METODOS The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 7 SECUENCIACION DEL GEN 16S DNAr DE MYCOPLASMA SP. Fundamento: El proceso que determina la secuencia de bases de los nucleótidos (As, Ts, Cs y Gs) de un fragmento de ADN. Requiere romper el ADN del genoma en muchos pedazos más pequeños, secuenciar dichos pedazos y ensamblar las secuencias. Utilidad: Se secuenciaron los genes utilizando cebadores universales. Los productos de la PCR se purificaron utilizando perlas magneticas Se evaluaron mediante espectofotometria (concentracion y pureza) Se secuanciaron por el metodo de Sanger
  • 8. 1 2 3 4 RESULTS The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 8 A total of eight (8/10) blood samples were positive by the conventional pan-hemoplasma PCR targeting the 16S rDNA gene. One (1/2) non-hematophagous Molossus sp. female bat was positive. All samples were tested negative for rabies virus
  • 9. 1 2 3 4 5 RESULTS The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 9 The PCR amplicons from all positive samples were sequenced in both forward and reverse directions, with approximately 700–900 base pair quality. The hemoplasma infection was detected in seven male hematophagous bats, five (5/6) Desmodus rotundus, and two (2/2) Diphylla ecaudata.
  • 10. The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 10
  • 11. DISCUSSION The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 11 R.C. Woese et al. (1987) B. Willi F.S. Boretti, S. Tasker J.L.N. Wood, M. Leach, L. Waldman l The use of “universal” primers for the detection of bacterial species and differentiation based on sequencing is possible due to the presence of highly conserved and hypervariable nucleic acid sequences, respec- tively, such as the regions in the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) l The role of hematophagous and non- hematophagous bats in the transmission of hemoplasmas in rural and urban areas, respectively, should be further investigated mainly due to the close contact of bats with other wild and domestic animals and human beings. l There are no such studies using bats. In addition, there is a possibility of interspecies transmission based on the fact that hemoplasmas phylogenetically similar are present in different host species.
  • 12. CONCLUSIONS The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 12 I believe that this same study, wich is just as satisfactory, should also be carried out on other species of animals, different from those already mentioned, so that there is no contagion between them and avoid morbidity. Although the study is in another country and the affected animals are there, this study should be carried out in Colombia, since here there are also those species of bats and other types of animals that remain close to the inhabitants, which can be infected.
  • 13. The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 13 MICOPLASMAS HEMOTROPICOS (HEMOPLASMAS) ¿QUE SON? Bacterias Gram negativas incultivables que parasitan la superficie de los eritrocitos de los vertebrados. ¿DONDE SE ENCUENTRAN? - Artrópodos hematopófagos - Murciélagos hematopófagos - Caninos, felinos, primates. TIPOS - Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf) - Candidatus M. haemominutum (CMhm) - Ca. M. turicensis (CMt) - M. haemocanis (Mhc) - Ca. M. haematoparvum (CMhp). - Mycoplasma sp - Sturnira lilium - Eptesicus spp - Eumops auripendulus - Myotisnigricans -Glossophaga soricina -Molossus rufus -CandidatusMycoplasmahemohominis. ¿COMO DETECTARLOS? PCR Deteccion microscopica con frotis sanguineo Secuenciacion de Genes ¿COMO SE OBSERVAN ? Transimision mecanica (por vectores) o directa. En forma de cocos, bacilos o en forma de discos ¿DONDE? En la membrana de los globulos rojos ¿QUE GENERA? - Anemia - Sindrome febril -Hepatomegalia -Linfadenopatias -Ictericia