1. g t LUSN
06EC81
Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination' June/July 2013
Wireless Gommunications
Time: 3 hrs.
N ote; Answer FIVEfutt questions, selecting
. at least TWO questions from each part.
PART-A
I a. Describe with a neat flow diagram, the AMPS initialization operation.
b. Briefly discuss the characteristics of3G mobile network.
2 a. Discuss the functions oftranscoder controller in a base station system.
b. With a relevant flow diagram briefly explain the call release.operation.
c. State the role of AUC in the mobile authentication process.
3 a. What are different types of hand offl Explain the hand off operation with relevant figures.
(10 Marks)
b. Explain the concept of power control and management in a typical cellular network.
Max. Marks: 1O0
(12 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(10 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(10 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(12 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(10 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(10 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(05 Marks)
(07 Marks)
(08 Marks)
g
E
.sA
d 9-o
t2
3A'ia
o-aEO.
d .9.
AE
^:
o=
(r<
..i .'i
a
z
a
E
4a.
b.
C-
Explain with a neat block diagram the GSM network interfaces.
Discuss the various dedicated control channels of GSM.
Write a short note on various frame formats used for GSM traffic.
PART - B
5 a. Explain with a neat flow diagram the authentication and ciphering mode operation in a GSM
call set up operation.
b. Explain the intra BSC-hand over operation in GSM.
6 a. Explain in detail the CDMA forward channel frame format. (10 Marks)
b. Explain with a neat flow diagram the mobile terminated call timeline in CDMA systems.
7 a. Discuss the concept ofconvolutional and turbo encoders.
b. Explain in detail the various path loss models.
c. Draw a neat block diagram of RAKE receiver.
8 a. List the features ofIEEE 802.11X technologies.
b. Describe basic wireless MAN.
c. Explain details of Bluetooth protocol stack with relevant figures.

2. USN 068C82
Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June/July 2013
Embedded System Design
Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marki:100
Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questions from each part.
PART - A
I a. What is an embedded system? Define the three main characteristics of embedded systems
that distinguish such systems fiom other computing systems. (04 Marks)
b. Derive the percentage revenue loss equation for a rise angle of35o, Compute the percentage
revenue loss if the products life time is 10 weeks and the delay in market is 5 weeks.
,
2
{}e
6lI
dq!
q4
-a
EO-
6H
-;o
:z'lr<
-i .i
z
E
o
e
s. Define the tlree main IC technologies. What
different IC technologies?
(08 Marks)
of using each of the three
(08 Marks)
(06 Marks)
performance by
costs one cycle,
costs two cycles,
are the benefits
b.
3a.
b.
c.
Write a simple algorithm for finding the greatest common divisor of two numbers. Write the
FSMD for this algorithm and explain how il can be optimized and write the optimized
FSMD. (10 Marks)
Design a soda machine controller, given that a soda costs 75 cents and your machine accepts
quarters only. Draw a black box view, come up with a state diagram and state table,
minimize the logic and then draw the final circuit. (10 Marks)
Explain how a stepper motor is controlled using driver. Give relevant hardware and software
details. (08 Marks)
The analog input range for an 8 bit ADC is from -2.5 V to +7.5 V. Determine the resolution
of ADC and digital output in hexadecimal when the input voltage is 1.2 V. Trace successive
approximation steps and show the binary output ofthe ADC. (08 Marks)
A watchdog timer that uses two cascaded 16 bit up counters is connected to an 11.981 MHz
oscillator. A timeout should occur if the function watchdog reset is not called within 5
minutes. What value should be loaded into the upcounter pair when the function is called?
(04 Marks)
4a.
b.
Describe fully associative cache mapping techlique.
Given the following tlree cache designs, find the one with the best
calculating the average cost of access. Show all calculations:
i) 4 K b1te, 8-way set associative cache with a 6% miss rate; cache hit
cache miss costs l2 cycles.
ii) 8 K b1te, 4-way set associative cache with a 4% miss rate; cache hit
cache miss costs l2 cycles.
iii) 16 K byte, 2-way set associative cache with a 2o/o miss rate; cache hit costs tluee cycles,
cache miss costs 12 cvcles. (08 Marks)
c. With a neat diagram, explain the advanced RAM architecture. Also. gxplain how this is
extended to improve the perfbrmance through synchronous DRr{M.ar..-... .-.- , ..
, ,/.
''',/
"
'
I ol2
'
r:"1 't"

3. 06EC82
PART-B
a. Describe shared data problem with an example. Show how disableienable interrupt can be
used for solving this problem. (10 Marks)
What is intemrpt latency? What factors affecting it? (04 Marks)
consider three processes with high, medium and low priorities respectively require an
execution time of 150 psec. 250 psec and 350 psec. If the interrupts are disabled for '200
psec and the deadline for the low priority process is 850 psec, determine_.its worst case
interrupt latency. Can it meet the deadline, if the other two interrupts occur? Illustrate with a
b.
c.
:.'
c.
6a.
b.
7a.
b.
timing diagram. (06 Marks)
(07 Marks)
Describe the two rules that an RTOS environment must flow for interrupt routines.(08 Marks)
WLat are semaphores? Explain the semaphore problems in RTOS' (07 Marks)
Exphiir.rhe RToS functions "take semaphore" and "release semaphore" vrith an example.
(06 Marks)
c. What is ata*? Explain the tkee different task states.
Explain the advantagbs and disadvantages ofusing larger number oftasks in RToS(oo
nIu.r..)
Identifo the bug in the fotlowing program and explain:
Void Task l(void)
{
:
:..
VcounlErrors (a) i
' :., '
:
) ' .,'.' ..
Void Task 2(Void)
I
I
VcountEriom (11) ;
:
1.,
Static int cErrors :
.
'
Void VcountErrors (int CNew Enors)
{
CErrors*:CNewErrors;
)
Explain "encapsulating semaphores" with an algorithm.
Explain the methods to save code space and methods to save power.
What is an event? Explain the tlree standard features of it.
8a.
b.
c.
(06 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(04 Marks)
2 of2

4. USN 068C834
Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June/July 2013
Biomedical Signal Processing
Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks:100
Notel Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
ot least TWO questions from each part.
PART-A
I a. Explain briefly how action potentials are generated and propagated in a human body.
(10 Marks)
b. With a neat block diagram, explain the objectives of biomedical signal analysis. (10 Marks)
2 a. Explain briefly about the 12-lead ECG system. Also
aVF using mesh equations and vector diagram.
derive the expressions lor aVn, aVl and
b. Discuss about the two types olelectrodes used in ECG.
c. Explain briefly about monitoring lead systems.
3 a. What are the different elements of a digital filter? Mention the
over analog filters. (10 Marks)
b. If the output sequence ofa digital filter is { l, 3, 2} in response to a unit impulse, what is the
transfer function of this filter? Draw the poles and zeros of this transfer function mentioning
(05 Marks)
i) amplitude response;
(05 Marks)
4 a. Explain the cancellation ol60-Hz interference in an ECG signal using adaptive filters.
E
'= +
Yor
-a
0J ,i;
: -!?
a3
:>.
U<
E
the ROC.
c. The Z-transform of a filter is Htz t = 1 (l* 2, ' * ,' ). Whut i, th"
4'
ii) phase response: iiil diflerence equation?
(10 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(04 Marks)
advantages of digital filters
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
(I0 Marks)
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
5a-
b. Discuss briefly about different applications ol adaptive filters.
PART - B
Show that a signal averaging improves rhe signal ro noise ratio lSNR) by a lactor of Jm.
where m is the number ofsweeps considered. (I0 Marks)
With a neat block diagram, explain a typical signal averages. (06 Marks)
In a signal averaging application, the noise amplitude is initially 16 times as large as the
signal amplitude. How many sweeps must be averaged to give a resulting signal-to-noise
ratio of4:1? (04 Marks)
b.
c.
6 a. Classify the different data reduction techniques. Explain the turning point algorithm used for
the ECG data reduction.
b. Given a sequence of28 data points,
{ i, 1, l, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, s, s, s, 6, 6, 7}. illusrrate Huffman
and modified Huffman coding. (10 Marks)
a. Explain briefly the QRS detection algorithm. (t0 Marks)
b. With a neat sketch, explain the power spectrum of an ECG. AIso explain automata based
template matching of QRS detection. (10 Marks)
..
a. Explain briefly about portable arrhyhmia monitor with a neat sketch.
b. Explain briefly about VLSI applications in medicine.

5. 06EC844
(08 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(08 Marks)
USN
Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June/July 2013
E
e
Yd)
t --t
9..
=
-.r
6d
,; .9.
OE
?E
E=
59
!r<
-- ..i
o
z
a
E
Global System for Mobile Gommunication
Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks:100
Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at leqst TWO questions from each part.
PART - A
I a. With a neat diagram, explain the mapping of GSM layers onto OSI layers. (07 Marks)
b. Write short notes on the following:
i1 MS subsystem iD BSS iiDNSS (06 Marks)
c. With relevant figure, explain GSM PLMN structure. Explain its objectives and services.
(07 Marks)
2 a. List the future techniques available to reduce interference in GSM. Explain in brief.
b. Mention the radio linl< measurements in terms ol signal level and Orr,n, ,.r.lrot T.T?
GSM. (04 Marks)
c. Consider a GSM system with the foltowing data to show the advantages of adaptive array
antennal:
Coverage area : 60000 mile2
Channel spacing : 200 kHz
MS output power (w) : 800 mW (29 dBm)
Receive cable/connector loss (I,") : 2 dB
Required S/E ratio : 12 dB
Receive noise figure (F) : 7 dB
One-mile path loss intenupt (lo) : 80 dBm
One way system band width : 12.5 MHz.
Frequency reuse : 4
BS antenna gain (Gr.) : 20 dBi
MS antenna-gain (G.) : 0 dB
Information rate : 271 Kbps
Propagation path loss exponent y : 4
Lognormal fading margin (f,) : l0 dB
Calculate: i) Minimum received power
ii) Marimum allowable path loss
iii) Cell radius in miles
iv) Number olcells required to cover the service area.
3 a. With a neat diagram, explain the data encryption in GSM.
b. Describe the mobile identification process with the flow diagram.
c. Explain various burst used in GSM with the help of neat diagram.
4 a. Mention the various speech coding methods. Explain the attributes of speech coder.
. (08 Marks)
b. Compare the different ITU speech coders. (04 Marks)
c. What are vocoders? Explain the working of full rate vocoder with relevant: diagram.
(08 Marks)
1of2

6. 06EC844
PART-B
a. List the various GSM teleservices and supplementary service. (06 Marks)
b. Explain the GSM call setup by an MS flow scenario. (10 Marks)
c. Explain SMS in brief with the help of relevant figure. (04 M€*9
,.f i:'
'ra. Explain the file structure of SIM card with a neat block diagram. (Q7)karks)
Fr$.*
List tIrc various security algorithms used in GSM. Explain them in brief. @ Marks)
{;ynut do you mean by token-based authentication? ,-. - {ol trlarts;
*i fi"-.:'//"!
- ."-'
R. " X -"./
t- .-
r*
lu-l.."...'w'
f'
- " L'. ),t-
7 a. De{s$k1he factors to be considered while designing a wireless systegL " ' (08 Marks)
b.Writeffieonteletrafficmodels.,)(06Marks)
c. exnlaint#fJprungofawirelessnetwork.
^(i"
(06Marks)
< |'^
'Ql r;-Y
8 a. What are the fnd}lgl layers in M30101Explain the perplftYrtlitr,ree TMN layers. (08 Marks)
b. Explain the TMN id@qement services. .- ,
( )' (06 Marks)
c. What are the manaBerfic$requfuements for wireless tGAvork? Explain briefly. (06 Marks)
. ,/z_
Q.l7r. * * * *.^1S-
'rj I( -r. t:. a/',
,r1a-lzr1- lf :
,/.', . . '
*
'v'
5ir. {t*
.7:. Yr,'!./' Lf
- t *.
r}/ :{;
XV f)') "1 t.
2 ofZ