This document discusses the different types of speeches based on purpose and manner of delivery. There are three main purposes: informative to provide information, persuasive to change opinions, and entertainment to elicit laughter. Delivery methods include reading from a manuscript, memorized, impromptu with little preparation, and extemporaneous using an outline. Each method has advantages like spontaneity but also drawbacks like forgetting lines or lacking organization.

1. Unit IV. Communicating
the Message
Lesson 16.
Understanding the Types of Speech

2. Purposes of the Speech
• Speaker creates a speech based on the purpose
he or she wants to achieve. These purposes are
called Goals of Speech. It becomes obvious as the
Speaker shows through the Speech what he/she
wants to achieve. The Speaker through the
Speech can make one think, change one’s mind,
or smile or laugh.

3. a. Expository or Informative Speech
•to provide information history, theories,
practical applications, etc., that can
and will help the Listeners understand
something that is unknown to them or
already known to them but not yet
clearly understood.

4. Guidelines in Informative Speech:
• Message prepared at the level of knowledge of the
Speaker (so one does not sound like a know-it-all)
• It must be tailored to fit the level of knowledge of
the Audience (so one does not make it
incomprehensible)
• It has to take into account the age, gender, social
status, religion, and cultural affiliation of the
Listeners (to avoid offending anyone)

5. Example:
• One wants to talk about the Ebola virus pandemic, its causes,
symptoms, and treatment. The Speaker wants the Listeners
to be informed about the Ebola pandemic. The audience will
be informed on how the pandemic came about and how to
tell if one is infected with it. The Audience will be told about
the treatments available now and in the near future to stop
this virus and prevent people from dying from it.
• “What are E-jeepneys?” The purpose is to introduce the
vehicle called an E-jeepney and inform the Listeners of this
new type of vehicle. The Speaker must cite the benefits of
these new jeepneys.

6. b. Persuasive
• to change the Listener’s opinion, attitude, or
belief regarding a certain topic (usually
controversial) by providing materials that can or
will help convince the Listener. The Speaker’s
assertion must be supported by historical data in
the for and contrasts (e.g., before and after)
between the Speaker’s side and the Listeners’
side of the equation. m of statistical results and
experts’ testimonies as well as comparisons

7. Example:
• “We should prepare for another Typhoon Yolanda”
to convince the Filipinos to be prepared as our
country is visited by at least 30 typhoons per
year.
• “A total log ban will save our forests” the
Listeners have to be convinced first that a total
log ban is doable and, second, that this is the way
to save our forests.

8. c. Entertainment
• must lead the Audience into looking at something
familiar in a totally different and completely humorous
light by providing comparisons and contrasts, especially
the strange or unusual; highlighting the quirks of
important personages such as officials, celebrities,
actors, and athletes and applying them to regular people
like, say, the Listeners; or assigning human
characteristics to inanimate objects.; giving funny
meanings to acronyms or anagrams.

9. Example:
• “To find his or her true love” explaining what
truelove means, choosing someone as his/her
true love.
• “The characters who ride a jeepney/bus with
me”. The quirks and strange behavior of co-
passengers are bound to elicit laughter, especially
when the Listeners see themselves in the
characters.

10. Speech According to Manner of
Delivery

11. a. Reading or Speaking from a
Manuscript
•used in the Formal Speech Context.
•the Speech is fully written out, usually
typed, and not folded but placed in a folder
for neatness.
•Allows greater control of the wording of the
Speech

12. Example:
• State of the Nation Address (SONA) by the
President of the Republic of the Philippines
• Presentations of Scientific Papers in conferences

13. Drawbacks:
1. The Speaker tends to read without emotion, lacking spontaneity,
and may even sound boring.
2. The Speaker, most of the time, never looks up from the
manuscript being read.
3. The Speaker can lose his/her place in the Speech even while
reading it or turn to the wrong page of the manuscript.
4. The manuscript may be blown by the wind/fan/air conditioning
unit, fall and disarranged.
5. The formality of the language of the Speech/Manuscript often
means the use of complex words, jargon which are
incomprehensible to the Listeners.

14. b. Memorized Speech
• Fully written out like the Speech that is Read
from the Manuscript
• Fully memorized – every word, every phase, every
comma, and every period.

15. Drawbacks:
1.Forgetting lines in delivering the speech.
2.Lack of eye contact with the Audience. Looking
upward, to the side, or, worse, on the floor to
remember the Speech.
3.Tendency to deliver the Speech without any
inflection.

16. c. Impromptu Speech
• When one is suddenly asked to give the welcome
remarks in a program already ongoing and there
is hardly time to prepare.
• Delivered on short notice with little or no
preparation.
• Should have a beginning (Introduction), a middle
(body of the speech), and an end
(conclusion/summary).

17. Advantages of Impromptu Speech
• The Speech is delivered in a spontaneous manner
and in a more conversational tone unlike the
Manuscript Speech.
• The Speaker can adjust the Speech and add or
skip an idea without any problem, obvious gaps,
or long pauses due to memory loss as in the
Memorized Speech.

18. Drawbacks:
• The Speaker can just go on and on, and
sometimes, with no point to make at all.
• The Speaker may be so rattled and disorganized
that the Speech ends up with not much sense.

19. d. Extemporaneous Speech
• May sound like it is delivered “off-the-cuff” as it
were with hardly any preparation because it
sounds so spontaneous or it may also sound like a
Speech that was fully written out and then
memorized, but both are not the case.
• What the Speaker prepares, however, is a good
outline which organizes the Speaker’s thoughts
and ideas.

20. Advantages of Extemporaneous Speech
• The outline helps the Speaker remember the particular
order of points he/she wants to make. No need to
memorize paragraph upon paragraph that make up the
Speech.
• At the same time, the outline allows the Speaker to
jump from one point to another or even rearrange the
order of the Speech’s points should circumstances
demand it without the Audience noticing the change.

21. Supply the needed information in the table
below:
Purposes of
Speech
Meaning Example
1. 1. 1.
2. 1. 1.
3. 1. 1.

22. Supply the needed information in the table
below:
Speech
according to
the Manner of
Delivery
Drawbacks Advantages Examples
1. 1. 1. 1.
2. 1. 1. 1.
3. 1. 1. 1.
4. 1. 1. 1.