computer network

1. Assignment 1
Course tittle:computer network
Course code: CSE 318
Submitted to:
pranab Bandhu nath
senior Lecturer, Department of CSE
City university, Dhaka
Submitted by
Md parvez
Id: 184902610
Bsc in cse(day)
Batch :49th
1: Computer netweork history (18th
to 21th)
18th
centuries( watts , stream engine,optical telegram ,electric buttery)
19th
centuries ( Telagraph, telephone,electric buttery)
20th
centuries (radio , television,pc , computer )
21th centuries (sateliters , fiver optics)
2:ARPHANET: Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)

2. • U.S. Defense Department, funded the development of the Advanced Research
Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) in the late 1960s. Its initial purpose was to
link computers at Pentagon-funded research institutions over telephone lines
• At the height of the Cold War, military commanders were seeking a computer
communications system without a central core, with no headquarters or base of
operations that could be attacked and destroyed by enemies thus blacking out
the entire network in one fell swoop.
• Defense Department put out a call for competitive bids to build the network,
and in January 1969 Bolt, Beranek, and Newman (BBN) of Cambridge,
Massachusetts, won the $1 million contrac
What is Computer Network?
• A computer network is a set of computers connected together for the purpose
of sharing resources. The most common resource shared today is connection to
the Internet. Other shared resources can include a printer or a file server. The
Internet itself can be considered a computer network
Goals of Computer Network:
• Sharing Resources from one Computer to another Computer over a network
• Performance by measuring the speed of data transmission with number of
users, connectivity and the software used
• Reliability makes easy to use an alternative source for data communication in
case of hardware failure or connectivity issues
• Scalability increases the system performance by adding more processors

3. • Security is the main characteristics of Computer network where you can take
necessary steps for protecting your data from unauthorized access
Computer Network Types:
• PAN(Personal Area Network)
• LAN(Local Area Network)
• MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
• WAN(Wide Area Network)
PAN(Personal Area Network)
• Personal Area Network covers an area of 10 meters. • PAN includes mobile
devices, tablet, and laptop. • Thomas Zimmerman was the first research scientist
to bring the idea of the Personal Area Network.
LAN(Local Area Network)
• Local Area Network is a group of computers connected to each other in a small
area such as school, laboratory, home, and office building. • It is a network which
consists of less than 5000 interconnected devices across several buildings. • Data
of all network users can be stored on a single hard disk of the server computer. •
Local Area Network provides higher security
MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
• Metropolitan Area Network or MAN is consisting of a computer network across
an entire city, college campus, or a small region • The most widely used protocols
in MAN are RS-232, Frame Relay, ATM, ISDN, OC-3, ADSL, etc. • It offers fast
communication using high-speed carriers, like fiber optic cables
WAN(Wide Area Network)

4. • WAN network system could be a connection of a LAN which connects with other
LAN's using telephone lines and radio waves. It is mostly limited to an enterprise
or an organization. • A Wide Area Network is widely used in the field of Business,
government, and education. • The software files will be shared among all the
users; therefore, all can access to the latest files.
Hardware Equipment example
Nic Server , clint , peer transmission ,medum , router , Bridge , hub , switch ,
gateway , reapeter
Software Example
Network , opersting system , protocol , switch , (tcp/ip/osi)
Cable and cannectors
Twisted pair cable , co-oxial cable , fiver optic cable
Hub
A hub is a device that allows multiple computers to communicate with each other
over a network. If we 4 pc connect so we use hub..for 4 pc connection using
hub.and hub generally used to connect computer in a LAN . and hub is physical
networking device which is used to connect multiple devices in a network.
Switch
Switch are connectivity point of and Ethernet network. And switch are detect one
device and it is the data;link 2 layer device . These are small devices that can
receive data from multiple input ports and send
Router

5. A router receives and sends data on computer networks. A wireless router
connects directly to a modem by a cable. This allows it to receive information
from — and transmit information to — the internet. The router then creates and
communicates with your home Wi-Fi network using built-in antennas. As a result,
all of the devices on your home network have internet access
Bridge
Bridge is a feltering method and doing feltering . bridge have a 2 port ,and bridge
is computer network .Bridge connects two or more different LANs that has a
similar protocol and provides communication between the devices (nodes) in
them
Repeater
Repeater is a powerful network device which is used to regenerate the signals,
when they travel over a longer distance. Repeater using from routerif clint far
then we use repeater .out of 1 km
Repeater are used to extend transmissions so that the signal can cover longer
distances or be received on the other side of an obstruction
Gateway
A gateway is a network node that forms a passage between two networks
operating with different transmission protocols .gateway is a piece of networking
hardware or software used in telecommunications for telecommunications
network.