2. o Computer Networks
A Collection of computers and devices connected to each other .
A Network Allows computers and devices to communicate with
each other and share resources and information .
4. Connection Method :
Connection method can be divided in to two methods :
Wireless : isTechnology designed to connect devices without wiring .
These devices use radio waves or infrared signals as a transmission medium .
5. • Connection Method :
Ethernet : uses physical wiring to connect devices . Such as hubs , switches ,
bridges and Routers .
Also ITU-T G.hn technology uses existing home wiring , such as coaxial cable,
phone line and power line .to create a high speed local area network
6. • Network Classification
2. Scale : network can be classified as :
A- Local Area Network ( LAN )
B-Wide Area Network (WAN)
C- Metropolitan Area Network ( MAN )
D- Personal Area Network ( PAN )
E-Virtual Private Network (VPN )
F- Campus Area Network ( CAN )
G- Storage Area Network ( SAN )
7. • Network Classification
3- Functional relationship ( Network Architecture )
Computer Network Can be classified as :
Active Network
Client Server
Peer – to – Peer
8. • Network Classification
4- Network Topology :
Computer Network may be classified according to the network topology :
A- Bus Network
B- Star Network
C- Ring Network
D- Mesh Network
E- Star – Bus Network
F- Tree Network
9.
10. Types of Common Networks
1- Personal Area Network :
• Used for communication among computer devices close to one Person.
• Examples : Printer , Fax , PDA , Scanner .
11. Types of Common Networks
2- Local Area Network :
Is a computer Network Covering a small physical Area like a home , office , small group of buildings
such as a school or an airport .
Local Area Network May have wire or Wireless technology
The Characteristics of LANs :
Higher data transfer rates , smaller geographic range , and lack of a need for leased
telecommunication line .
13. Types of Common Networks
3- Campus Area Network :
Is a computer Network made up of an interconnection of LANs
within a limited geographical Area .
14. Campus Area Network
It can considered one form of a metropolitan area network ,specific
to an academic setting .
CAN Link variety of campus building including : academic
departments , the university library and student resident halls ,
CAN is larger than a local Area network but smaller than wide area
network ( WAN ) in some cases .
The main aim of CAN is to facilitate students accessing internet
and university resources .
15. Types of Common Networks
4- Metropolitan Area Network :
• Is a Network that connects two or more LAN or CAN together , But does
not extend beyond the boundaries of the city .
• Router Switches and hubs are connected to create a MAN
16. Types of Common Networks
5- Wide Area Network :
• Is the Network covers wide or Broad Area .
• Any network whose communications links cross metropolitan , regional or
national boundaries .
• Largest than ( LAN , MAN , CAN , PAN )
• Such as internet
17. Types of Common Networks
6- Global Area Network
Is a model for supporting mobile communication across an arbiter number
of wireless LANs , satellite coverage area .
18. Types of Common Networks
6- Virtual Private Network :
Is a computer network in witch some of the links between nodes are carried by open
connections of virtual circuit in some larger network instead of by physical wires .
19. • INTERNETWORK
•Internetworking involves connecting two or more , distinct
computer networks or network segments via a common routing
technology .
•Internetwork often shorted to internet.
•In modern practice , the interconnected networks use the
internet protocols .
•There are Three Internetworks :
1.Intranet
2.Extranet
3.Internet
20. INTERNETWORK
Intranet :
An intranet is a set of networks using the internet protocol and IP-based
tools such as web browsers and file transfer applications , that is under
the control of single administrative entity .
21. INTERNETWORK
•Extranet :
An extranet is a network or internetwork that is limited in scope to a
single organization or entity but which also has limited connection to
the networks of one or more .
22. INTERNETWORK
•INTERNET
The internet is a specific internetwork . It consist of world wide
interconnection of governmental , academic , public & Private Network
WWW :WorldWideWeb
The ” Internet “ is most commonly spelled with a capital “ I “
23. Basic hardware components
All networks are made up of basic hardware building blocks to
interconnect network nodes such as :
1.NICs
2.Bridges
3.Hubs
4.Switches
5.Routers
6.Repeater
24. Basic hardware components
1- Network interface Cards
NICs is a piece of computer hardware designed to
allow computers to communicate over a computer
network .
25. Basic hardware components
2- Repeaters
A repeater is an electronic devices that receive a signal
and transmit it at a higher power level , or to other side of
an obstruction .
26. Basic hardware components
3- Hubs :
A hub contains multiple ports , when a packet arrives at one port ,
it copied unmodified to all ports of the hub for transmission .
28. Bridges come inThree basic types :
1- Local Bridges : Directly connect local area network ( LANs )
2- Remote Bridges : Can be used to create a wide area network (
WAN ) link between LANs .
3- Wireless Bridges: Can be used to join LANs or connect remote
stations to LANs .
29. Basic hardware components
5- switches :
is a device that forward and filter OSI layer 2 datagrams between ports
based on The MAC address in the packets .
Some Switches are capable of routing based on IP address but are still
called witches as a marketing term .
30. Basic hardware components
6- Routers :
Router are networking devices that forward data packets between networks .
Router work at the network Layer
